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Tomato is an important vegetable grown all over the world because
of its dietary, nutritional and medicinal values. It is damaged by
a variety of insect pests especially tomato aphids and tomato fruif
borer which are considered as limiting factor in the production of
this vegetable. The work presented in the book was focused on the
seasonal occurrence of aphid and tomato fruit borer on different
cultivar of tomato and to find out the host plant resistance in
relation to abiotic factors such as maximum temperature, minimum
temperature, relative humidity and rainfall on different cultivars
of tomato viz., Raja, Nagra-1077, Red hero hybrid and Rao phego
against tomato aphids and tomato fruit borer.
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the staple food of the people of
Pakistan and supplies 72% of the calories and protein in the
average diet. During the last decade, different aphid species
played havoc with its production. Chemical measures are usually
discouraged owing to the direct consumption of whaet grains. This
book, however, focuses on the role of lucern (Medicago saliva L.)
as a supplier of predators to nearby wheat plots and their role in
effective pest management of wheat aphids. Two year field trials
revealed that minimum population of aphids was observed when wheat
was intercropped with lucern and vice versa. The establishment of
beneficial insects on lucern harbouring aphids helped to limit the
aphid population in intercropped wheat plots and maintained them
below economic injury level. It reveals that intercropping of a
fodder crop in wheat could help to decrease the insecticide
application on this cereal crop of great importance.
Mango is an important fruit crop, grown in almost 63 countries of
the world. Mango production has been severely affected by insect
pests, diseases and harsh environmental conditions. Among diseases,
Mango Sudden Death Syndrome (MSDS) is a very destructive disease
which destroyed millions of acres all over the world. This disease
could be disseminated by wind, water and/or bark beetle,
Hypocryphalus mangiferae. This book focuses on the isolation of
MSDS causing fungi from infected plants and different life stages
and body parts of H. mangiferae. The possible role of air and
irrigation water in the dissemination of MSDS fungi is discussed in
the light of results.
The objective of this study was to create the earliness, enhance
quality production of tuberose. Main parameters studied were
sprouting date sprouting percentage, days to leave emergence,
number of leaves per plant, leaf area (cm), days to spike
emergence, plant height (cm), plant height at the time of tunnel
removal (cm), florets emergence date (days), number of florets per
spike, length of spike (cm), thickness of spike (mm), floret
diameter (mm), color of florets, fragrance of florets, .The results
showed that T3 (Mulch+Low tunnel) was best in case of sprouting
date (37.037 days), sprouting percentage (100 %), days to leave
emergence (36.125 days), days to spike emergence (47.1625 days),
plant height at the time of tunnel (37.5925 cm), florets emergence
date (223.9 days), color of florets(9.75), fragrance of florets
(9.75) and earliness( 41.15 days).T1(Mulch) was best in case of
number of leaves per plant (17.48) and leaf area (41.15 cm). T6
(Micronutrients) was best in case of number of florets per spike
(39.809), thickness of spike (5.879 mm) and floret diameter (38.875
mm). T8 (Mulch + Humic acid) was leading treatment in case of spike
length (49.55 cm).
Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is an important fruit crop of Asia and
is widely found in Pakistan. Over the last few years the attack of
gall formers on mango has increased tremendously in mango growing
areas of the world. Little is known about their behavior, taxonomy
and management practices particularly in Pakistan. This book,
therefore, focuses on the varietal preference and within tree
distributional patterns of gall forming insects of mango and the
factors (morphological and physiological) mediating their
abundance. The abundance of galls has been studied in different
mango cultivars and within the individual cultivar as well. The
analyses should help shed some light on the importance of leaf
traits mediating gall abundance and should be especially useful to
field ecologists with the interest to explore the behavior of gall
formers and devise management plans.
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