Tomato is an important vegetable grown all over the world because of its dietary, nutritional and medicinal values. It is damaged by a variety of insect pests especially tomato aphids and tomato fruif borer which are considered as limiting factor in the production of this vegetable. The work presented in the book was focused on the seasonal occurrence of aphid and tomato fruit borer on different cultivar of tomato and to find out the host plant resistance in relation to abiotic factors such as maximum temperature, minimum temperature, relative humidity and rainfall on different cultivars of tomato viz., Raja, Nagra-1077, Red hero hybrid and Rao phego against tomato aphids and tomato fruit borer.

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the staple food of the people of Pakistan and supplies 72% of the calories and protein in the average diet. During the last decade, different aphid species played havoc with its production. Chemical measures are usually discouraged owing to the direct consumption of whaet grains. This book, however, focuses on the role of lucern (Medicago saliva L.) as a supplier of predators to nearby wheat plots and their role in effective pest management of wheat aphids. Two year field trials revealed that minimum population of aphids was observed when wheat was intercropped with lucern and vice versa. The establishment of beneficial insects on lucern harbouring aphids helped to limit the aphid population in intercropped wheat plots and maintained them below economic injury level. It reveals that intercropping of a fodder crop in wheat could help to decrease the insecticide application on this cereal crop of great importance.

Mango is an important fruit crop, grown in almost 63 countries of the world. Mango production has been severely affected by insect pests, diseases and harsh environmental conditions. Among diseases, Mango Sudden Death Syndrome (MSDS) is a very destructive disease which destroyed millions of acres all over the world. This disease could be disseminated by wind, water and/or bark beetle, Hypocryphalus mangiferae. This book focuses on the isolation of MSDS causing fungi from infected plants and different life stages and body parts of H. mangiferae. The possible role of air and irrigation water in the dissemination of MSDS fungi is discussed in the light of results.

The objective of this study was to create the earliness, enhance quality production of tuberose. Main parameters studied were sprouting date sprouting percentage, days to leave emergence, number of leaves per plant, leaf area (cm), days to spike emergence, plant height (cm), plant height at the time of tunnel removal (cm), florets emergence date (days), number of florets per spike, length of spike (cm), thickness of spike (mm), floret diameter (mm), color of florets, fragrance of florets, .The results showed that T3 (Mulch+Low tunnel) was best in case of sprouting date (37.037 days), sprouting percentage (100 %), days to leave emergence (36.125 days), days to spike emergence (47.1625 days), plant height at the time of tunnel (37.5925 cm), florets emergence date (223.9 days), color of florets(9.75), fragrance of florets (9.75) and earliness( 41.15 days).T1(Mulch) was best in case of number of leaves per plant (17.48) and leaf area (41.15 cm). T6 (Micronutrients) was best in case of number of florets per spike (39.809), thickness of spike (5.879 mm) and floret diameter (38.875 mm). T8 (Mulch + Humic acid) was leading treatment in case of spike length (49.55 cm).

Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is an important fruit crop of Asia and is widely found in Pakistan. Over the last few years the attack of gall formers on mango has increased tremendously in mango growing areas of the world. Little is known about their behavior, taxonomy and management practices particularly in Pakistan. This book, therefore, focuses on the varietal preference and within tree distributional patterns of gall forming insects of mango and the factors (morphological and physiological) mediating their abundance. The abundance of galls has been studied in different mango cultivars and within the individual cultivar as well. The analyses should help shed some light on the importance of leaf traits mediating gall abundance and should be especially useful to field ecologists with the interest to explore the behavior of gall formers and devise management plans.