The purpose of book is to outline the basic playing field and challenges at the global planning level, the factory planning level, the dispatch level, and co-ordination between these three levels. We hope to provide a common understanding of these challenges so that academics and companies can collaborate in developing solutions.

Development of imunoassays for haptens like steroids requires conjugation of these apolar and low molecular weight molecules with usually polar and larger proteins molecules for preparation of desired immunogen and enzyme conjugate. Conjugation chemistries employed in preparation of these immunoconjugates to a very large extent define the assay parameters like specificity and sensitivity. This book is aimed at critically examining the role of the spacer or linker arms used in preparation of immunogens and enzyme conjugates in hapten immunoassay, by compairing polarities, chain length, rigidity and fexibilities of these linkers molecules. The book is an attempt to bring together the various aspects of conjugation chemistry and immunoassay devlopment of haptens in general and would be specially useful for proffessionals and researchers in the field of immunodiagnostics and combitorial chemistry.

The goal of modern dentistry is to restore the patient to normal contour, function, comfort esthetics and health. The implant dentistry has unique ability to achieve this goal as it offers the increased function, improved strength, Bone preservation and better pschycological results as compared to conventional complete dentures. The placement of implants should not be undertaken without careful consideration of many variables, including systemic and local host factors and the design of the prosthesis. The ability to reliably identify patients and conditions with greater potential for failure would be valuable. Hence, treatment planning for the placement and restoration of Osseo integrated dental implant involves the consideration of many variables, including systemic and local host factors and the design of the prosthesis. With appropriate diagnosis and conscientious treatment planning, the use of endosseous oral implants enjoys good prognosis.

Nucleic acid biosensors have been found to have interesting possibilities for applications in various fields including environmental and medical screening. The two types of analysis used for the nucleic acid biosensors are: (a) detection of genotoxicants/ DNA damage (b) detection of DNA hybridization. For the detection of genotoxicants, the double stranded calf thymus DNA has been electrochemically entrapped into conducting polymers like Polypyrrole (PPy) and Polyaniline (PANI) films to detect chlorpyrifos and malathion. Compared to DNA-PPy, DNA-PANI electrodes have better detection limit for chlorpyrifos and malathion (0.5 ppb and 0.01 ppm, respectively) within 30s, and are stable for about 6 months. The PNA and DNA probes specific to M. tuberculosis have been immobilized onto the PPy and PANI films prepared onto ITO glass for detection of complementary target. The obtained detection limit is about 0.1attomole within 30s and electrodes could detect the genomic DNA of M. tuberculosis in serum samples up to 2.5 pg/ l within about 60s at 300 C and can be used 8-9 times.

The purpose of this book is to highlight some of the challenges specific to the process industry. This collection of papers is meant for those that hold an operational view of their business. It illustrates some of the key notions that are important for process supply chains and is meant as a resource for those seeking to improve their planning processes and software.

The S&OP process is normally the core tactical planning process for a business. Our belief is that an effective S&OP process is the key to running an effective supply chain. An effective S&OP process provides the necessary framework for introducing initiatives like Six Sigma and lean manufacturing because the S&OP provides a framework to identify areas that need improvement. We have laid out the supply chain improvement process as a series of logical steps that culminate in the implementation of a Sales and Operations Planning (S&OP) business process. Each step of our improvement process is designed to provide value to the business, and is easy to digest. Taken together, the five steps provide a structured path for improving S&OP.