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MERCHANDISE MANUAL SERIES GLASS AND GLASSWARE BY HELEN MARY LEHMANN, B. A. Editorial Staff, Dry Goods Economist formerly Instructor in Merchandise, New York City Department Stores, Texas State University, and New York University AND BEULAH ELFRETH KENNARD, M. A, Editor of Series formerly Director of Department Store Courses, New York University Chairman of Committee on Merchandise Courses for New York City Public Schools Educational Director, Department Store Education Association NEW YORK THE RONALD PRESS COMPANY 1922 Courtesy of United States Glass Co. Forming the Stem of a Goblet upper Finished Goblet Ready for Annealing lower Copyright, 1918, by THE RONALD PRESS COMPANY Copyright, 1922, by THE RONALD PRESS COMPANY All rights reserved Veriest fe 2ebttate to Mrs. Henry Ollesheimer, Miss Virginia Potter, and Miss Anne Morgan, who desiring to give greater opportunity for advance ment to commercial employees and believing that all business efficiency must rest upon a solid foundation of training and education gave years of enthusiastic service to the testing of this belief. MERCHANDISE MANUAL SERIES EDITOR OF SERIES BEULAH ELFRETH KENNARD, M. A. Formerly Director of Department Store Courses, New York University Chairman of Committee on Merchandise Courses for New York City Public Schools Educational Director, Department Store Education Association CONSULTING EDITOR LEE GALLOWAY, PH. D. Professor of Commerce and Industry, Head of Department of Management, and formerly Director of Training School for Teachers of Retail Selling, New York University formerly Educational Director, the National Commercial Gas Association EDITORS PREFACE As Department Store Merchandise Manuals these books wereoriginally written for salespeople and were designed to give them reliable information concerning the sources and manufacturing processes of the mer chandise which they handle. When it was necessary to deal with scientific or historical material it was treated as simply and concretely as possible and the point of view taken was that of business rather than that of the school or laboratory. In this form they have proved their practical value not only to the de partment store salesperson but in the specialty shop. It has been pointed out, however, that the material has a wider scope than that of sales manuals alone. As reference books, librarians will find the short, clear statements and full indexes invaluable. As an encyclopaedia of merchandise the series con tains scientific information in a simple, compact form which makes it available for children and others to whom the subjects treated are unfamiliar. As textbooks they are adapted for use in commercial schools, high schools, night schools, settlement classes, and by teachers of household arts and domestic science. vi EDITORS PREFACE As source books for practical story-telling, kinder gartners, primary and vacation school teachers will find in them an abundance of interesting material for short true stories on the various industries and crafts, the manufacture of household articles, such as pins and needles, as well as the making of pottery, glass, and steel. These manuals contain just the material often hunted for in vain by teachers and librarians. As household helps and shopping guides the young housekeeper will find the manuals her best friends be cause they not only describe the manufacturing pro cesses but tell her how todistinguish well-made articles of good materials from the inferior and badly made. They also tell her how to care for the clothing or household goods which she has bought. For salespeople and storekeepers they supply the general and specific information about their merchan dise which is indispensable to efficiency, yet very hard to gather from the scattered sources upon which they now depend. These changes should enlarge the usefulness of the manuals without losing any of their specific value in the field of salesmanship...