During the last two decades, structural equation modelling (SEM) has emerged as a powerful multivariate data analysis tool in social science research settings, especially in the fields of sociology, psychology, and education. Social science researchers and students benefit greatly from acquiring knowledge and skills in SEM, since the methods can provide a bridge between the theoretical and empirical aspects of behavioural research. Ramlall explains in a rigorous, concise, and practical manner all the vital components embedded in structural equation modelling (SEM). Focusing on R and Stata to implement and perform various structural equation models, Ramlall examines the types, benefits, and drawbacks of SEM, delving into model specifications and identifications, fit evaluations, and path diagrams.

Many economies in the world are characterised by a bank-based financial system, that is, the financial intermediation process is mostly performed by banks. It is therefore critically important to undertake a fully-fledged analysis of the banking sector with respect to financial stability risks. The Banking Sector Under Financial Stability considers the unique position of banks which by nature assume higher risks, but with a low equity to total assets ratio. It recognises that balance sheet analysis of banks becomes a key element in financial stability risk assessment and that the sources of banks' funding also pose risks to financial stability. The book also gives due consideration to the interactive forces which prevail among banks, macroeconomic states, asset prices, the household sector, and monetary policy. The differences between the US and the European Union are also covered at length, as are the various credit risk models pertinent for banks. This book will prove valuable to central bankers, economists, and policy-makers who are involved in the field of financial stability, as well as researchers studying the field.

The world is presently buffeted by many challenges, some of which manifest in new forms, such as Fintech and cryptocurrencies, while some challenges prevail out of the legacy trailed behind by the 2007 global financial crisis. Financial stability represents a highly complex and multi-dimensional concept. This being so, a sound and holistic financial stability assessment requires a focus not only on the distinct sectors which make up an economy but also on certain key economic areas. Economic Areas Under Financial Stability examines several core areas which interact directly with financial stability. A comprehensive consideration is given to local and international developments, the payment and settlements system, reserves, derivatives,and exchange rates. The book examines critical developments on both the local and international fronts, the systematic risks which characterise the payment and settlements system, different instruments of derivatives, and the significance of fiscal and monetary policy in relation to exchange rates. This book will prove valuable to central bankers, economists, and policy-makers who are involved in the field of financial stability, as well as researchers studying the field.

Since the outbreak of the US subprime crisis in 2007, financial stability has become a pressing item in the agenda of governments and policy-makers worldwide. However, to date, there are no books that provide a comprehensive analysis of financial stability in all of its dimensions. Understanding Financial Stability undertakes an in-depth analysis of all the concepts and issues related to financial stability. It establishes a general framework for a holistic assessment of financial stability, provides a comprehensive analysis pertaining to the genesis of financial crises, and offers key terms and elements embodied in financial stability. Posing the question of whether financial stability should rely only on resilience or predictability issues when it comes to handling crises, the book provides: * Extensive coverage of all key issues involved in the field of financial stability. * A consideration of the political economy. * A complete and in-depth assessment of crises in the world based on full historical coverage; including a definition of crises, various theories of crises, costs related to crises, types of crises and policy responses to crises. This book will prove valuable to central bankers, economists, and policy-makers who are involved in the field of financial stability, as well as researchers studying the field.

This book offers a comprehensive assessment of the Mauritian economy and its financial system. The author investigates the pre- and post- crisis financial and economic environment of Mauritius thoroughly and looks to the future potential development of the economy. Chapters feature in-depth analysis of such aspects as the banking sector, the stock market, monetary policy, capital structure, the hedging practices of Mauritian firms, and the housing market in Mauritius, among others. Moreover, the author not only builds a credit risk model for Mauritian bankers, but also develops a financial stability model to provide the reader with a full account of the Mauritian economy. The author ends with a chapter dedicated to a 2030 vision for Mauritius. This book will be of interest to researchers, students, policy-makers, central bankers and economists who wish to explore an example of an upper-income developing economy in depth.

Technical analysis points out that the best source of information to beat the market is the price itself. Introducing readers to technical analysis in a more succinct and practical way, Ramlall focuses on the key aspects, benefits, drawbacks, and the main tools of technical analysis. Chart Patterns, Point & Figure, Stochastics, Sentiment indicators, Elliot Wave Theory, RSI, R, Candlesticks and more are covered, including both the concepts and the practical applications. Also including programming technical analysis tools, this book is a valuable tool for both researchers and practitioners.

When the global financial crisis broke, central banks in both the US and the UK undertook massive asset purchase programmes which resulted in considerable increase in assets. Cross-border spillover effects were noted across global economies. Balance sheet adjustments may eventually gnaw at the profit-earning capacities of central banks, and in extreme cases, negative equity can manifest. This updated book investigates a benchmark for comparing central banks. The author employs a unique and large set of metrics to gauge the quality of central banks and presents an argument to reflect upon international best practices covering 124 banks in this latest study. The study uses different criteria including the accounting body, research, presence of stress-testing exercises, inflation-targeting frameworks, staff efficiency, and languages of communication with the public, amongst others. The book begins by providing an overview of central banking, before exploring some stylized facts about central banks in unique detail. It then presents a ratings methodology for worldwide central banks to analyse the results. A backtesting exercise is included to validate the quality of the ratings obtained. The book concludes by offering insights into the comparison of central banks.

Sound financial stability assessments necessitate intensive analysis of different sectors, namely, the household sector, the corporate sector, the real estate sector, the government sector, and the non-bank financial sector. This volume provides a complete analysis and risk assessment of each of these sectors which make up the subtle and intricate fabric which contribute to financial stability. The book considers: * Micro-prudential and macro-prudential regulations and how they constitute core ingredients to ensure a sound and smooth functioning financial system. * The role of household debt as a coveted economic indicator of the building up of financial instability pressures. * The relation of the real estate sector to the prevalence of financial crises through asset price bubbles. * The role of the corporate sector in financial stability risk analysis. In particular, the balance sheets of the corporate sector are widely examined to uncover feasible risks to financial stability. * The role of the government sector, with particular emphasis being laid on public debt management. This book will prove valuable to central bankers, economists, and policy-makers who are involved in the field of financial stability, as well as researchers studying the field.

When the global financial crisis broke, central banks in both the US and the UK undertook massive asset purchase programmes which resulted in considerable increase in assets. Cross-border spillover effects were noted across global economies. Balance sheet adjustments may eventually gnaw at the profit-earning capacities of central banks, and in extreme cases, negative equity can manifest. This updated book investigates a benchmark for comparing central banks. The author employs a unique and large set of metrics to gauge the quality of central banks and presents an argument to reflect upon international best practices covering 124 banks in this latest study. The study uses different criteria including the accounting body, research, presence of stress-testing exercises, inflation-targeting frameworks, staff efficiency, and languages of communication with the public, amongst others. The book begins by providing an overview of central banking, before exploring some stylized facts about central banks in unique detail. It then presents a ratings methodology for worldwide central banks to analyse the results. A backtesting exercise is included to validate the quality of the ratings obtained. The book concludes by offering insights into the comparison of central banks.

Combatting financial stability risks is a highly challenging task which can by no means be concentrated into a 'one-size fits all' approach. It is important to select the appropriate tools and techniques in order to monitor, analyse, and maintain financial stability through proactive policy measures. Tools and Techniques for Financial Stability Analysis explores all key aspects of analytical tools and challenges for sound financial stability assessments. Comprehensive coverage is given to value at risk, stress testing, graphical tools for financial stability, the financial system stress index, as well as ratios and metrics of financial stability assessment. Finally, a concluding chapter is devoted to understand the key challenges involved in maintaining financial stability. This book will prove valuable to central bankers, economists, and policy-makers who are involved in the field of financial stability, as well as researchers studying the field.

This book offers a comprehensive assessment of the Mauritian economy and its financial system. The author investigates the pre- and post- crisis financial and economic environment of Mauritius thoroughly and looks to the future potential development of the economy. Chapters feature in-depth analysis of such aspects as the banking sector, the stock market, monetary policy, capital structure, the hedging practices of Mauritian firms, and the housing market in Mauritius, among others. Moreover, the author not only builds a credit risk model for Mauritian bankers, but also develops a financial stability model to provide the reader with a full account of the Mauritian economy. The author ends with a chapter dedicated to a 2030 vision for Mauritius. This book will be of interest to researchers, students, policy-makers, central bankers and economists who wish to explore an example of an upper-income developing economy in depth.