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How the antitax fringe went mainstream—and now threatens
America’s future The postwar United States enjoyed large, widely
distributed economic rewards—and most Americans accepted that
taxes were a reasonable price to pay for living in a society of
shared prosperity. Then in 1978 California enacted Proposition 13,
a property tax cap that Ronald Reagan hailed as a “second
American Revolution,” setting off an antitax, antigovernment wave
that has transformed American politics and economic policy. In The
Power to Destroy, Michael Graetz tells the story of the antitax
movement and how it holds America hostage—undermining the
nation’s ability to meet basic needs and fix critical problems.
In 1819, Chief Justice John Marshall declared that the power to tax
entails “the power to destroy.” But The Power to Destroy argues
that it is tax opponents who now wield this destructive power.
Attacking the IRS, protecting tax loopholes, and pushing tax cuts
from Reagan to Donald Trump, the antitax movement is threatening
the nation’s social safety net, increasing inequality, ballooning
the national debt, and sapping America’s financial strength. The
book chronicles how the movement originated as a fringe enterprise
promoted by zealous outsiders using false economic claims and
thinly veiled racist rhetoric—and how, abetted by conservative
media and Grover Norquist’s “taxpayer protection pledge,” it
evolved into a mainstream political force. The important story of
how the antitax movement came to dominate and distort politics, and
how it impedes rational budgeting, equality, and opportunities, The
Power to Destroy is essential reading for understanding American
life today.
The acclaimed authors of Death by a Thousand Cuts argue that
Americans care less about inequality than about their own
insecurity. Michael Graetz and Ian Shapiro propose realistic
policies and strategies to make lives and communities more secure.
This is an age of crisis. That much we can agree on. But a crisis
of what? And how do we get out of it? Many on the right call for
tax cuts and deregulation. Others on the left rage against the top
1 percent and demand wholesale economic change. Voices on both
sides line up against globalization: restrict trade to protect
jobs. In The Wolf at the Door, two leading political analysts argue
that these views are badly mistaken. Michael Graetz and Ian Shapiro
focus on what really worries people: not what the rich are making
but rather their own insecurity and that of people close to them.
Americans are concerned about losing what they have, whether jobs,
status, or safe communities. They fear the wolf at the door. The
solution is not protectionism or class warfare but a return to the
hard work of building coalitions around realistic goals and
pursuing them doggedly through the political system. This, Graetz
and Shapiro explain, is how earlier reformers achieved meaningful
changes, from the abolition of the slave trade to civil rights
legislation. The authors make substantial recommendations for
increasing jobs, improving wages, protecting families suffering
from unemployment, and providing better health insurance and child
care, and they guide us through the strategies needed to enact
change. These are achievable reforms that would make Americans more
secure. The Wolf at the Door is one of those rare books that not
only diagnose our problems but also show us how we can address
them.
"Deep, informed, and reeks of common sense." -Norman Ornstein "It
is now beyond debate that rising inequality is not only leaving
millions of Americans living on a sharp edge but also is
threatening our democracy...For activists and scholars alike who
are struggling to create a more equitable society, this is an
essential read." -David Gergen We are in an age of crisis. That
much we can agree on. But a crisis of what, exactly? And how do we
get out of it? In a follow up to their influential and much debated
Death by a Thousand Cuts, Michael Graetz and Ian Shapiro focus on
what really worries people: not what the rich are making or the
government is taking from them but their own insecurity. Americans
are worried about losing their jobs, their status, and the safety
of their communities. They fear the wolf at the door. The solution
is not protectionism or class warfare but better jobs, higher
wages, greater protection for families suffering from unemployment,
better health insurance, and higher quality childcare. And it turns
out those goals are more achievable than you might think. The Wolf
at the Door is one of those rare books that doesn't just diagnose
our problems, it shows how to address them. "This is a terrific
book, original, erudite, and superbly well-informed, and full of
new wisdom about what might and what might not help the majority of
Americans who have not shared in our growing prosperity, but are
left facing the wolf at the door...Everyone interested in public
policy should read this book." -Angus Deaton, Princeton University
"Graetz and Shapiro wrestle with a fundamental question of our day:
How do we address a system that makes too many Americans anxious
that economic security is slipping out of reach? Their cogent call
for sensible and achievable policies...should be read by
progressives and conservatives alike." -Jacob J. Lew, former
Secretary of the Treasury
In this book, the Commission of the European Communities presents
the proceedings of the Workshop on Solar Central Receiver Projects,
held in Varese, I taly , in June 1984. This Workshop was supported
by all operators of solar tower power plants around the world and,
as a result, these proceedings provide a comprehensive overview of
the technology in its current state of development. The Workshop
was organized by the Commission of the European Communities in the
frame of the second solar energy R&D programme under the
responsibility of its Di rectorate-General (X 11) for Science,
Research and Development in Brussels. The meeting place, Varese, in
Italy, was selected because of its neighbourhood to the Ispra
Establishment of the Commission's Joint Research Centre who
cooperated in the organization of the Workshop. Solar power plants
of the central receiving type have two conflicting characteristics:
they employ very simple and classical components but as a system
they are of tremendous complexity. It was the hope for rapid
progress by using available components that guided the decisions
taken in the late seventies to build six large experimental plants:
four in Europe, one in Japan and one in the United States. At that
time, this technology enjoyed high priority in solar energy R&D
around the world. Once the plants were completed, however, it
became clear that the technical complexity combined with difficult
meteorological conditions at most construction sites made the
yields less favourable than anticipated.
In this book, the Commission of the European Communities presents
the proceedings of the Workshop on Solar Central Receiver Projects,
held in Varese, I taly, in June 1984. This Workshop was supported
by all operators of solar tower power plants around the world and,
as a result, these proceedings provide a comprehensive overview of
the technology in its current state of development. The Workshop
was organized by the Commission of the European Communities in the
frame of the second solar energy R&D programme under the
responsibility of its Di rectorate-General (X 11) for Science,
Research and Development in Brussels. The meeting place, Varese, in
Italy, was selected because of its neighbourhood to the Ispra
Establishment of the Commission's Joint Research Centre who
cooperated in the organization of the Workshop. Solar power plants
of the central receiving type have two conflicting characteristics:
they employ very simple and classical components but as a system
they are of tremendous complexity. It was the hope for rapid
progress by using available components that guided the decisions
taken in the late seventies to build six large experimental plants:
four in Europe, one in Japan and one in the United States. At that
time, this technology enjoyed high priority in solar energy R&D
around the world. Once the plants were completed, however, it
became clear that the technical complexity combined with difficult
meteorological conditions at most construction sites made the
yields less favourable than anticipated.
This casebook on federal income taxation contains detailed text and
explanatory materials. The eighth edition marks a major revision of
the casebook to cover recent regulations, rulings, cases and other
new developments, including the major changes made to the Internal
Revenue Code by tax legislation in 2017.
This casebook on federal income taxation contains detailed text and
explanatory materials. The ninth edition marks a major revision of
the casebook to cover recent regulations, rulings, cases and other
new developments. The new casebook provides revised discussions of
tax expenditures, fringe benefits, depreciation, opportunity zones,
the taxation of business income, net operating losses, and the
state and local tax deduction. The ninth edition also discusses,
where relevant, legislation enacted in response to the COVID-19
pandemic.
This casebook on federal income taxation contains detailed text and
explanatory materials. The ninth edition marks a major revision of
the casebook to cover recent regulations, rulings, cases and other
new developments. The new casebook provides revised discussions of
tax expenditures, fringe benefits, depreciation, opportunity zones,
the taxation of business income, net operating losses, and the
state and local tax deduction. The ninth edition also discusses,
where relevant, legislation enacted in response to the COVID-19
pandemic.
Tax Law and the Environment: A Multidisciplinary and Worldwide
Perspective takes a multidisciplinary approach to explore the ways
how tax policy can is used solve environmental problems throughout
the world, using a multi-jurisdictional and multidisciplinary
approach. Environmental taxation involves using taxes to impose a
cost on environmentally harmful activities or tax subsidies to
provide preferred tax treatment to more sustainable alternatives to
those harmful activities. This book provides a detailed analysis of
environmental taxation, with examples from around the world. As the
extraction, processing and use of energy use resources is has been
a major cause of environmental harm, this book explores the
taxation and subsidization of both fossil fuels and renewable
energy. Its analysis of the past, present, and future potential of
environmental taxation will help policymakers move economies toward
sustainability, as well as and informing students, academics, and
citizens about tax solutions for pressing environmental issues.
Tax Law and the Environment: A Multidisciplinary and Worldwide
Perspective takes a multidisciplinary approach to explore the ways
how tax policy can is used solve environmental problems throughout
the world, using a multi-jurisdictional and multidisciplinary
approach. Environmental taxation involves using taxes to impose a
cost on environmentally harmful activities or tax subsidies to
provide preferred tax treatment to more sustainable alternatives to
those harmful activities. This book provides a detailed analysis of
environmental taxation, with examples from around the world. As the
extraction, processing and use of energy use resources is has been
a major cause of environmental harm, this book explores the
taxation and subsidization of both fossil fuels and renewable
energy. Its analysis of the past, present, and future potential of
environmental taxation will help policymakers move economies toward
sustainability, as well as and informing students, academics, and
citizens about tax solutions for pressing environmental issues.
To most Americans, the United States tax code has become a vast and
confounding puzzle. In 1940, the instructions to the form 1040 were
about four pages long. Today they have ballooned to more than a
hundred pages, and the form itself contains more than ten schedules
and twenty worksheets. The complete tax code totals about 2.8
million words-about four times the length of War and Peace. In this
intriguing book, Michael Graetz maintains that our tax code has
become a tangle of loopholes, paperwork, and inconsistencies-a
massive social program that fails tests of simplicity and fairness.
More important, our tax system has failed to keep pace with the
changing economy, creating burdens and wastes of resources that
weigh our nation down. Graetz offers a solution. Imagine a world in
which most Americans pay no income tax at all, and those who do
enjoy a far simpler tax process-all this without decreasing
government revenues or removing key incentives for
employer-sponsored health care plans and pensions. As Graetz
adeptly and clearly describes, this world is within our grasp.
Social insurance in United States-including the Social Security Act
of 1935 and the Medicare, Medicaid, and disability insurance
programs that were added later -- may be the greatest triumph of
American domestic policy. But true security has not been achieved.
As Michael J. Graetz and Jerry L. Mashaw show in this pathbreaking
book, the nation's system of social insurance is riddled with gaps,
inefficiences, and inequities. Even the most popular and successful
programs, Medicare and Social Security, face serious financial
challenges from the coming retirement of the baby boom generation
and the aging of the population.
This book challenges the notion that American social insurance
must remain inadequate, unaffordable, or both. In sharp contrast to
policymakers and analysts who debate only one income security
program at a time, Graetz and Mashaw examine social insurance whole
to assess its crucial role in providing economic security in a
dynamic market economy. They recognize that, notwithstanding a
proper emphasis on individual freedom and responsibility, Americans
share a common fate that binds them together in a common
enterprise. The authors offer us a new vision of the social
insurance contract and concrete proposals to make the nation's
families more secure without increasing costs.
In his 1998 State of the Union address, President Clinton
challenged Americans to a public debate about how to fix the
long-term financial problems of Social Security. This annual volume
of the National Academy of Social Insurance provides a framework
for that debate. Competing reform proposals reflect contrasting
views about the nature of the Social Security problem and how to
solve it. This book examines issues about privatization, national
savings and economic growth, the political risks and realities in
reforms, lessons from private pensions developments in the United
States, and the efforts of other advanced industrial countries to
adapt their old-age pensions to an aging population. It also poses
philosophical arguments about collective versus individual
responsibility and the implications of market risks and political
risks for stable and secure retirement income policy. The
contributors are Theo Angelis, Michael J. Boskin, Peter A. Diamond,
John Geanakoplos, Hugh Heclo, Karen C. Holden, Howell Jackson,
Olivia Mitchell, Dallas L. Salisbury, Lawrence H. Thompson, Kent
Weaver, and Stephen P. Zeldes. Copublished with the National
Academy of Social Insurance
Dissatisfaction with the US income tax has grown so high that
attacks on it, and proposals to reform (or even abolish) it, now
amount to an almost constant dull roar. How has it happened that
ordinary Americans have come to regard the federal tax as unfair
and tax protestors as heroes?
To cheering crowds, politicians announce plans to dismantle the
"IRS as we know it" and replace it with flat taxes and consumption
taxes. But if we burn our 1040 forms, will we really be better off?
Michael J. Graetz, a distinguished law professor who served in the
treasury in the Bush administration, cuts through the hype to tell
you what tax reform proposals will really do to your wallet.
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