Economic Science and Practice seeks to bridge the gulf between economic theory and policy and overcome some of the problems created by the specialized nature of much economic research. A distinguished group of academic economists and experienced policymakers, from both Europe and the United States, sheds new light on the relation between theory and practice and reflects on the current state of economics. There is an ever present danger that modern economic theory is becoming too detached from the real world. In contrast to this concern there are those who argue that there is a risk of practitioners and policymakers relying on pre-scientific ideas or ideologies not tested against the latest scientific insights. This book will not only help to improve communication between scientists and policymakers, but will also show how it is possible to strengthen the scientific base of economic policy and improve the social relevance of economic research and education.

Over the last decade or so, applied general equilibrium models have rapidly become a major tool for policy advice on issues regarding allocation and efficiency, most notably taxes and tariffs. This reflects the power of the general equilibrium approach to allocative questions and the capability of today's applied models to come up with realistic answers. However, it by no means implies that the theoretical, practical and empirical problems faced by researchers in applied modelling have all been solved in a satisfactory way. Rather, a promising field of research has been opened up, inviting theorists and practitioners to further explore and exploit its potential. The state of the art in applied general equilibrium modelling is reflected in this volume. The introductory Chapter (Part I) evaluates the use of economic modelling to address policy questions, and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of applied general equilibrium models. Three substantive issues are dealt with in Chapters 2-8: Tax Reform and Capital (Part II), Intertemporal Aspects and Expectations (Part III), and Taxes and the Labour Market (Part IV). While all parts contain results relevant for economic policy, it is clear that theory and applications for these areas are in different stages of development. We hope that this book will bring inspiration, insight and information to researchers, students and policy advisors.