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Dwelling in the highland areas of Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam,
Thailand, Burma (Myanmar), and southwest China are hundreds of
ethnic groups known as 'tribes' in popular literature. Some groups
number barely more than one hundred, others millions. Together
their population adds up to 80 million, more than any of the
countries (bar China) they inhabit, yet in each they are designated
and treated as "minorities." They have been forced to dwell in the
highlands while their enemies have occupied the more fertile
lowlands. This, coupled with the fact that they are so little known
abroad and even at home, has caused their way of life and cultural
distinctions to come in jeopardy. This book offers hundreds of
cross-referenced dictionary entries on about 200 groups, the six
countries they live in, some of their leaders, and their political,
economic, social, cultural and religious aspects. The chronology
covers important events. The introduction discusses both the
diversities and similarities of the groups' ethnicities, languages,
religious practices, and customs. The bibliography supplements the
dictionary entries.
Dwelling in the highland areas of Northeast India, Bangladesh,
Southwest China, Taiwan, Burma (Myanmar), Thailand, Cambodia,
Vietnam, Laos, and Peninsular Malaysia are hundreds of "peoples".
Together their population adds up to 100 million, more than most of
the countries they live in. Yet in each of these countries, they
are regarded as minorities. This second edition of Historical
Dictionary of the Peoples of the Southeast Asian Massif contains a
chronology, an introduction, and an extensive bibliography. The
dictionary section has over 700 cross-referenced entries on about
300 groups, the ten countries they live in, their historical
figures, and their salient political, economic, social, cultural
and religious aspects. This book is an excellent access point for
students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more.
Scattered across the South-East Asian massif, a few dozen ethnic
groups (numbering around 50 million) maintain highly original
cultural identities and political and economic traditions, against
pressure from national majorities. They face the same challenges.
The means by which social change has been imposed by the lowlanders
are similar from country to country, and the results are
comparable. The originality of this book lies in the combination of
multi-disciplinary mixing of social anthropology, history and human
geography; multi-culturality grouping together several cultural
contexts; trans-nationality straddling five countries and bridging
the traditional divide between South China and Mainland South-East
Asia; and history reaching back 300 years.
Scattered across the South-East Asian massif, a few dozen ethnic groups (numbering around 50 million) maintain highly original cultural identities and political and economic traditions, against pressure from national majorities. They face the same challenges; the means by which social change has been imposed by the lowlanders are similar from country to country, and the results are comparable.
Do ethnic minorities have the power to alter the course of their
fortune when living within a socialist state? In Frontier
Livelihoods, the authors focus their study on the Hmong - known in
China as the Miao - in the Sino-Vietnamese borderlands, contending
that individuals and households create livelihoods about which
governments often know little. The product of wide-ranging research
over many years, Frontier Livelihoods bridges the traditional
divide between studies of China and peninsular Southeast Asia by
examining the agency, dynamics, and resilience of livelihoods
adopted by Hmong communities in Vietnam and in China's Yunnan
Province. It covers the reactions to state modernization projects
among this ethnic group in two separate national jurisdictions and
contributes to a growing body of literature on cross-border
relationships between ethnic minorities in the borderlands of China
and its neighbors and in Southeast Asia more broadly.
Do ethnic minorities have the power to alter the course of their
fortune when living within a socialist state? In Frontier
Livelihoods, the authors focus their study on the Hmong - known in
China as the Miao - in the Sino-Vietnamese borderlands, contending
that individuals and households create livelihoods about which
governments often know little. The product of wide-ranging research
over many years, Frontier Livelihoods bridges the traditional
divide between studies of China and peninsular Southeast Asia by
examining the agency, dynamics, and resilience of livelihoods
adopted by Hmong communities in Vietnam and in China's Yunnan
Province. It covers the reactions to state modernization projects
among this ethnic group in two separate national jurisdictions and
contributes to a growing body of literature on cross-border
relationships between ethnic minorities in the borderlands of China
and its neighbors and in Southeast Asia more broadly.
The mountainous borderlands of socialist China, Vietnam, and Laos
are home to some 70 million people, representing an astonishing
array of ethnic diversity. How are these peoples fashioning
livelihoods now that their homeland is open to economic investment
and political change? Moving Mountains presents the work of
anthropologists, geographers, and political economists with
first-hand experience in the Southeast Asian Massif. Together, they
show that the parallel experiences of ethnic minorities in these
three socialist regimes offer a unique opportunity to explore the
intersection of ethnicity, livelihood, and state-society relations.
Case studies on groups such as the Drung in Yunnan, the Khmu in
Laos, and the Hmong in Vietnam document the experiences of such
minorities under socialist regimes and how their lives are changing
under more open political and economic conditions. Although
scholars have typically represented highland people as marginalized
and powerless, Moving Mountains argues that they draw on culture
and ethnicity to indigenize modernity and maintain their
livelihoods. This unprecedented glimpse into a poorly understood
region shows that development initiatives must be built on strong
knowledge of local cultures in order to have lasting effect.
This volume presents the most comprehensive collection of research
on Hmong culture and life in Asia yet to be published. It
compliments the abundant material on the Hmong diaspora by focusing
instead on the Hmong in their Asian homeland. The contributors are
scholars from a number of different backgrounds with a deep
knowledge of Hmong society and culture, including several Hmong.
The first group of essays addresses the fabric of Hmong culture by
considering issues of history, language, and identity among the
Hmong/Miao from Laos to China. The second part introduces the
challenges faced by the Hmong in contemporary Thailand, Laos, and
Vietnam. Nicholas Tapp is senior fellow in anthropology at the
Australian National University. Jean Michaud is associate
researcher in Asian studies at University de Montreal. Christian
Culas is a member of the National Center for Scientific Research in
Marseille. Gary Yia Lee is senior ethnic liaison officer for New
South Wales.
The mountainous borderlands of socialist China, Vietnam, and Laos
are home to some 70 million people, representing an astonishing
array of ethnic diversity. How are these peoples fashioning
livelihoods now that their homeland is open to economic investment
and political change? Moving Mountains presents the work of
anthropologists, geographers, and political economists with
first-hand experience in the Southeast Asian Massif. Together, they
show that the parallel experiences of ethnic minorities in these
three socialist regimes offer a unique opportunity to explore the
intersection of ethnicity, livelihood, and state-society relations.
Case studies on groups such as the Drung in Yunnan, the Khmu in
Laos, and the Hmong in Vietnam document the experiences of such
minorities under socialist regimes and how their lives are changing
under more open political and economic conditions. Although
scholars have typically represented highland people as marginalized
and powerless, Moving Mountains argues that they draw on culture
and ethnicity to indigenize modernity and maintain their
livelihoods. This unprecedented glimpse into a poorly understood
region shows that development initiatives must be built on strong
knowledge of local cultures in order to have lasting effect.
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