This volume contains the proceedings of the AMS Special Session on Harmonic Analysis, in honor of Gestur Olafsson's 65th birthday, held on January 4, 2017, in Atlanta, Georgia. The articles in this volume provide fresh perspectives on many different directions within harmonic analysis, highlighting the connections between harmonic analysis and the areas of integral geometry, complex analysis, operator algebras, Lie algebras, special functions, and differential operators. The breadth of contributions highlights the diversity of current research in harmonic analysis and shows that it continues to be a vibrant and fruitful field of inquiry.