The study of deserted villages abandoned during the last millennium in Europe has been the primary focus of archaeological interventions in rural settlements over recent decades. However, most of the hamlets and villages of medieval origin remain inhabited today and excavations in these small and medium-sized settlements are more unusual. The Archaeology of Medieval Villages Currently Inhabited in Europe focuses on these locations, giving examples of sites excavated in the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, France, Scandinavia and Spain. The case studies highlight the diversity of problems and debates around this subject such as the meaning of the term 'village', the chronology beyond the last millennium with continuities, discontinuities and ruptures, the integration of research into residential and working areas, the role of local communities in research programmes and the need for multidisciplinary approaches to address all these issues. Deserted villages research along with currently-inhabited settlement excavation has the important potential to achieve long-lasting historical syntheses on medieval settlement networks in Europe. These five chapters offer challenging approaches to the above issues and proposals for future research in the field from Spain to the North Sea.

Con este libro se ha pretendido hacer conscientes los elementos logicos, linguisticos y antropologicos subyacentes a la alegoria en Baltasar Gracian y en Walter Benjamin. Para ello hemos utilizado una diseccion y analisis independiente de los elementos que se dan en las formas literarias alegoricas en general, y de ambos autores en particular, basandonos en la lectura y estudio de sus obras y las de sus mas importantes comentaristas. Esa diseccion ha exigido un tratamiento metodologico analitico y paratactico de los conceptos de modo que es posible alterar el orden de los capitulos sin que se vean desnaturalizados los resultados o conclusiones de la investigacion. El resultado ha supuesto la profundizacion ("epistemologia") en los presupuestos y la naturaleza de la alegoria ("poetica") como nocion central en las obras de Gracian y Benjamin.

Se planteo como objetivo determinar la resistencia de las garrapatas Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus hacia los ixodicidas comerciales comunmente utilizados en UPP del Municipio de Santiago Tuxtla, Veracruz. Se realizo un muestreo por conveniencia con la participacion de los productores en 10 ranchos, recolectandose 30 garrapatas hembras adultas ingurgitadas, a partir de animales infestados en cada rancho. Las garrapatas se transportaron a la Unidad de Diagnostico de la Posta Zootecnica "Torreon del Molino" de la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia de la Universidad Veracruzana, para que fueran incubadas en el laboratorio hasta su ovoposicion. Los huevos se incubaron a 27 C con una humedad del 80% hasta su diagnostico de resistencia a amitraz y cipermetrina por la prueba de paquete de larvas (PPL). Se aplicaron encuestas a cada productor con las que se determinaron los posibles factores asociados a la aparicion de la resistencia en las unidades de produccion. Los resultados muestran un promedio de 26.4% de resistencia para amitraz y 60.7% para cipermetrina en el municipio de Santiago Tuxtla, Veracruz."

This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book.

Esta publicacion indaga sobre el hablar de la gente. Eugenio Coseriu afirma que el hablante-creador hace evolucionar la lengua, partiendo de su hablar espontaneo. Hasta mediados del s. XX, no se lo habia estudiado, pese a que es el generador de palabras, metaforas y otros aspectos de este tipo de comunicacion. Desde entonces, muchos especialistas, conscientes de su importancia, lo investigaron dejandonos conclusiones importantes que lo reivindican. Aqui acometemos su analisis, basandolo en la Teoria del caos sobre el hablar espontaneo. Uno de sus capitulos procura justificar esta propuesta innovadora. El libro reune 64 capitulos. Algunos de sus temas: los anglicismos en el espanol; la influencia arabe; la ortografia actualizada; diferencias dialectales en lugares donde se lo habla; el lenguaje sexista; el periodismo; la creacion popular; redes virtuales e internet, mas ciertas curiosidades del lenguaje, entre otros asuntos de interes general. Esta dirigido al usuario comun del idioma para resolver sus inquietudes sobre la lengua y sus normas. Tambien, a especialistas interesados en la teoria del caos. Todo, en un lenguaje llano y comprensible, no exento de humor."

The inference of parentage relationships between individuals from their molecular resemblance represents a useful methodology for genetic improvement in Aquaculture. This makes possible the reorganisation of broodstock in groups with low relatedness, as well as the identification of families in selection programs to avoid the harmful effects of inbreeding and to maintain the highest diversity as possible across generations. The choice of the appropriate genetic marker and the statistical methodology is essential to get the best solution for the questions considered. Depending on the availability of previous information on the genealogy, paternity or kinship analysis will be applied. The simplest approach to paternity inference, involves parent identification through the exclusion of the remaining candidates. However, this can lead to more than one solution, solvable after application of maximum likelihood procedures. The ability to identify the parents of each offspring depends on the sampling scenario (number of candidate parents and the fraction sampled), on the potential of the markers used (polymorphism, genotyping errors), and on the conformance to theoretical assumptions of the statistical models applied. A large number of paternity programs are freely available. They display usually complementary performances, and there is not the best software for all situations. When the authors dealt with a single group of individuals belonging to the same generation or that could not be separated into known generations, the aim was just to estimate the degree of genetic relationship between them, usually expressed as the coancestry coefficient. The basic idea is to determine how much of the molecular similarity (Identity By State) is due to the Identity By Descent (the really important parameter). There are two groups of relationship estimators from the molecular information. One of them includes methods directed at estimating coancestry for only a pair of individuals at a time, usually relaying on the knowledge of the allele frequencies of the reference population. Estimators within this group can be further divided into those called Method of Moments Estimators (MME) and those based on Maximum Likelihood (MLE). The other group of methods uses jointly the information of all individuals to determine the more probable population/familiar structure. They perform an explicit reconstruction of the genealogy leading to the observed population (at least for one generation above). Depending on the type of estimator and the assumptions used in their development, each of them presents some advantages and/or limitations which should be taken into account when choosing the one to use. In the present study, the most relevant estimators are presented and, also, a list of free software available for their application.

Two nuns conspire to create a fake miracle, in order to save their impoverished convent during the Spanish Inquisition.