This book describes the principles of integrated assessment models (IAM) for climate change economics and introduces various computable models for different development mechanisms under climate change governance. The authors present several new models they have constructed based on the RICE framework, specifically the MRICES((multi-factor RICE)) and EMRICES models, which incorporate global economic interactions into the RICE framework, and the CINCIA model, which describes technological advances and industrial structure evolution, introducing the mechanism of evolutionary economics. The models discussed in the book help governments and policy-makers tackle climate change and take positive measures on climate governance as well as promote economic and social development to narrow the gaps between countries.

This book details various stages in the introduction, establishment and evolution of China's environmental management system. By combining a literature review, comparative analysis, and case study, it investigates the environmental management system in several key periods in order to systematically assess the necessary measures and appropriate adjustments the Chinese Government implemented to reconcile the growing conflicts between economic development and resources conservation, in the context of rapid economic growth and economic transformation. Given its scope, the book offers a valuable resource for experts, scholars, and government officials in related fields.

Welding handicraft is one of the most primordial and traditional technics, mainly by manpower and human experiences. Weld quality and ef?ciency are, therefore, straitly limited by the welder's skill. In the modern manufacturing, automatic and robotic welding is becoming an inevitable trend. However, it is dif?cult for au- matic and robotic welding to reach high quality due to the complexity, uncertainty and disturbance during welding process, especially for arc welding dynamics. The information acquirement and real-time control of arc weld pool dynamical process during automatic or robotic welding always are perplexing problems to both te- nologist in weld ?eld and scientists in automation. This book presents some application researches on intelligentized methodology in arc welding process, such as machine vision, image processing, fuzzy logical, neural networks, rough set, intelligent control and other arti?cial intelligence me- ods for sensing, modeling and intelligent control of arc welding dynamical process. The studies in the book indicate that the designed vision sensing and control s- tems are able to partially emulate a skilled welder's intelligent behaviors: observing, estimating, decision-making and operating, and show a great potential and prom- ing prospect of arti?cial intelligent technologies in the welding manufacturing.

Welding handicraft is one of the most primordial and traditional technics, mainly by manpower and human experiences. Weld quality and ef?ciency are, therefore, straitly limited by the welder's skill. In the modern manufacturing, automatic and robotic welding is becoming an inevitable trend. However, it is dif?cult for au- matic and robotic welding to reach high quality due to the complexity, uncertainty and disturbance during welding process, especially for arc welding dynamics. The information acquirement and real-time control of arc weld pool dynamical process during automatic or robotic welding always are perplexing problems to both te- nologist in weld ?eld and scientists in automation. This book presents some application researches on intelligentized methodology in arc welding process, such as machine vision, image processing, fuzzy logical, neural networks, rough set, intelligent control and other arti?cial intelligence me- ods for sensing, modeling and intelligent control of arc welding dynamical process. The studies in the book indicate that the designed vision sensing and control s- tems are able to partially emulate a skilled welder's intelligent behaviors: observing, estimating, decision-making and operating, and show a great potential and prom- ing prospect of arti?cial intelligent technologies in the welding manufacturing.

This book details various stages in the introduction, establishment and evolution of China's environmental management system. By combining a literature review, comparative analysis, and case study, it investigates the environmental management system in several key periods in order to systematically assess the necessary measures and appropriate adjustments the Chinese Government implemented to reconcile the growing conflicts between economic development and resources conservation, in the context of rapid economic growth and economic transformation. Given its scope, the book offers a valuable resource for experts, scholars, and government officials in related fields.

This book describes the principles of integrated assessment models (IAM) for climate change economics and introduces various computable models for different development mechanisms under climate change governance. The authors present several new models they have constructed based on the RICE framework, specifically the MRICES((multi-factor RICE)) and EMRICES models, which incorporate global economic interactions into the RICE framework, and the CINCIA model, which describes technological advances and industrial structure evolution, introducing the mechanism of evolutionary economics. The models discussed in the book help governments and policy-makers tackle climate change and take positive measures on climate governance as well as promote economic and social development to narrow the gaps between countries.

The book presents a systematic and detailed introduction on starch debranching enzymes concerning the classification, biochemical properties, features on sequences and structures, enzyme engineering, production, and current applications. All relevant contents are organized to focus on characteristics, productions and industrial applications of the starch debranching enzymes. It is purposed to deepen the understandings on the pre-existing researches, developments, and bottlenecks, and also to discuss the research hotspots and application perspectives of starch debranching enzymes. The book is written for researchers, professional/practitioners and graduate students in the field of enzymology, microbiology, and food science etc.