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The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted existing weaknesses in the
United States health care system, while creating a new set of
challenges related to caring for people with serious illness. The
National Academy of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine's
Roundtable on Quality Care for People with Serious Illness hosted a
three-part workshop to explore the initial responses to the
pandemic by health care teams providing care to people with serious
illness, the impact of the pandemic on the health care workforce,
the use of telehealth, issues related to clearly communicating with
the public about health emergencies, and policy opportunities to
improve care for people with serious illness. Issues related to
health equity were discussed throughout the three webinars. Table
of Contents Front Matter Proceedings of a Workshop Appendix A:
Statement of Task Appendix B: Workshop Agenda
The Department of Homeland Security's (DHS's) BioWatch program aims
to provide an early indication of an aerosolized biological weapon
attack. The first generation of BioWatch air samplers were deployed
in 2003. The current version of this technology, referred to as
Generation 2 (Gen-2), uses daily manual collection and testing of
air filters from each monitor, a process that can take 12 to 36
hours to detect the presence of biological pathogens. Until April
2014, DHS pursued a next-generation autonomous detection technology
that aimed to shorten the time from sample collection to detection
to less than 6 hours, reduce the cost of analysis, and increase the
number of detectable biological pathogens. Because of concerns
about the cost and effectiveness of the proposed Generation 3
system (Gen-3), DHS cancelled its acquisition plans for the
next-generation surveillance system. In response to the
cancellation announcement, Congress asked the Government
Accountability Office (GAO) to conduct a review of the program and
the proposed system enhancements that would have been incorporated
in BioWatch Gen-3. However, Mike Walter, BioWatch Program manager,
Office of Health Affairs, DHS, said that DHS did not agree with all
of GAO's characterizations of the BioWatch program efforts
described in this review. In response to this, DHS requested that
the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
conduct a workshop to further explore the findings of the 2015 GAO
report and discuss the impact these findings may have with regard
to the future development of the technical capabilities of the
BioWatch program. Workshop participants also discussed existing and
possible collaborations between BioWatch, public health
laboratories, and other stakeholders that could contribute to the
enhancement of biosurveillance capabilities at the federal, state,
and local levels. This publication summarizes the presentations and
discussions from the workshop. Table of Contents Front Matter 1
Introduction 2 An Overview of BioWatch Strategic Priorities 3
Recommendations from the Government Accountability Office Report
and the Department of Homeland Security Response 4 BioWatch
Collaborative Planning 5 Future Opportunities for State and Local
Collaboration 6 Reflections on the Workshop References Appendix A:
Workshop Agenda Appendix B: Biographical Sketches of Workshop
Speakers and Moderators
The field of health literacy has evolved from one focused on
individuals to one that recognizes that health literacy is
multidimensional. While communicating in a health literate manner
is important for everyone, it is particularly important when
communicating with those with limited health literacy who also
experience more serious medication errors, higher rates of
hospitalization and use of the emergency room, poor health
outcomes, and increased mortality. Over the past decade, research
has shown that health literacy interventions can significantly
impact various areas including health care costs, outcomes, and
health disparities. To understand the extent to which health
literacy has been shown to be effective at contributing to the
Quadruple Aim of improving the health of communities, providing
better care, providing affordable care, and improving the
experience of the health care team, the National Academies of
Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a public workshop on
building the case for health literacy. This publication summarizes
the presentations and discussions from the workshop, and highlights
important lessons about the role of health literacy in meeting the
Quadruple Aim, case studies of organizations that have adopted
health literacy, and discussions among the different stakeholders
involved in making the case for health literacy. Table of Contents
Front Matter 1 Introduction 2 The Patient Perspective on the Need
for Health Literacy 3 Improving Health and the Bottom Line: The
Case for Health Literacy 4 Why Health Literacy? 5 Adopting Health
Literacy in an Organization 6 Where Do We Go from Here? 7
Reflections on the Day References Appendix A: Workshop Agenda
Appendix B: Biographical Sketches of Workshop Moderators, Speakers,
and Panelists Appendix C: Improving Health and the Bottom Line: The
Case for Health Literacy
Both the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) have
responsibilities for evaluating and regulating respiratory
protective devices ("respirators") for health care workers.
Respirators protect the user from respiratory hazards by either
removing contaminants from the air (air-purifying respirators) or
by supplying clean air from another source (air-supplying
respirators). Respirators that are used in workplaces in the United
States must be approved by NIOSH and meet standards and test
results specified by regulation. Respirators used by health care
workers are air-purifying respirators that generally fall into
three types: (1) disposable particulate filtering facepiece
respirators (also termed N95s); (2) elastomeric respirators, also
known as reusable respirators because they use a replaceable
filter; or (3) powered air-purifying air respirators. To provide
input to NIOSH and FDA and to discuss potential next steps to
integrate the two agencies' processes to certify and approve N95
respirators for use in health care settings, a workshop was held by
the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in
August 2016. The workshop was focused on exploring the strengths
and limitations of several current test methods for N95 respirators
as well as identifying ongoing research and research needs. This
publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the
workshop. Table of Contents Front Matter 1 Introduction 2
Perspectives from Users, Manufacturers, and Distributors 3
Exploring the State of the Science and Potential Priorities for
Research and Standards Development 4 Options for Post-Market
Surveillance 5 Potential Next Steps and Priorities References
Appendix A: Workshop Agenda Appendix B: Workshop Participants
Living independently and participating in one's community are
priorities for many people. In many regions across the United
States, there are programs that support and enable people with
disabilities and older adults to live where they choose and with
whom they choose and to participate fully in their communities.
Tremendous progress has been made. However, in many cases, the
programs themselves ? and access to them ? vary not only between
states but also within states. Many programs are small, and even
when they prove to be successful they are still not scaled up to
meet the needs of the many people who would benefit from them. The
challenges can include insufficient workforce, insufficient
funding, and lack of evidence demonstrating effectiveness or value.
To get a better understanding of the policies needed to maximize
independence and support community living and of the research
needed to support implementation of those policies, the National
Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a public
workshop in October 2015. Participants explored policies in place
that promote independence and community living for older adults and
people with physical disabilities, and identified policies and gaps
in policies that can be barriers to independence and the research
needed to support changing those policies. This report summarizes
the presentations and discussions from the workshop. Table of
Contents Front Matter 1 Introduction 2 The Importance of Community
Living and Maximizing Independence to Individuals and Society 3
Home and Community Settings: Services and Supports for Community
Living and Participation 4 Workforce Needs to Support Community
Living 5 Financing to Support Community Living 6 Technology to
Support Independence 7 Closing Remarks References Appendix A:
Workshop Agenda Appendix B: Biographical Sketches of Workshop
Speakers and Moderators
In an increasingly interconnected world, science and technology
research often transects international boundaries and involves
researchers from multiple nations. This paradigm provides both new
opportunities and new challenges. As science and technology
capabilities grow around the world, United States-based
organizations are finding that international collaborations and
partnerships provide unique opportunities to enhance research and
training. At the same time, enhancing international collaboration
requires recognition of differences in culture, legitimate national
security needs, and critical needs in education and training.
Culture Matters is the summary of a workshop convened by the
Government-University-Industry Research Roundtable (GUIRR) in July
2013 to address how culture and cultural perception influence and
impact the process by which research agreements are made and
negotiated across international boundaries. In this workshop,
"Culture Matters: An Approach to International Research
Agreements", representatives from around the world and from GUIRR's
three constituent sectors - government, university, and industry -
gathered to provide input into four specific meeting tracks or
domains. The tracks focused on research and agreements affecting or
involving people/human subjects; environmental and natural
resources; science, engineering, and manufacturing; and agriculture
and animal issues. This report examines each of these domains and
the role that culture and cultural expectations may have in the
forging and implementation of international research agreements.
Table of Contents Front Matter 1 Introduction and Overview 2
Designing Projects with Culture in Mind 3 Conducting Research in
Developing Countries 4 Language 5 Urbanization, Ecological
Sustainability, and Social Resilience 6 Intellectual Property 7
Change and Drivers 8 Breakout Session Reports and Concluding
Remarks Appendix A: Workshop Agenda Appendix B: Guiding Questions
for the Breakout Sessions Appendix C: Speaker Biographies Appendix
D: Workshop Participants
Advance Care Planning(ACP)has long been a staple of caring for
people with serious illness. Over its history, it has been defined
in different ways. Clinicians, researchers, patients, and the
public have developed a variety of perspectives about the many
aspects of ACP, ranging from the definition to the timing, goals,
outcomes, and value of ACP. To better understand the challenges and
opportunities for ACP, acknowledge and highlight divergent
viewpoints, and examine what is empirically known and not known
about ACP and its outcomes, the National Academies of Sciences,
Engineering, and Medicine's Roundtable on Quality Care for People
with Serious Illness hosted a virtual public workshop, Advance Care
Planning: Challenges and Opportunities, on October 26 and November
2, 2020. The workshop explored the paradox of ACP, its evidence
base, ways to think differently about ACP, and various approaches
to making it more effective.This Proceedings of a Workshop
summarizes the presentations and discussions from that workshop.
Table of Contents Front Matter Proceedings of a Workshop Appendix
A: Statement of Task Appendix B: Workshop Agenda
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The Intersection of Behavioral Health, Mental Health, and Health Literacy - Proceedings of a Workshop (Paperback)
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Health and Medicine Division, Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice, Roundtable on Health Literacy; Edited by Alexis Wojtowicz, …
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R1,101
R1,026
Discovery Miles 10 260
Save R75 (7%)
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Ships in 9 - 15 working days
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The field of health literacy has evolved from early efforts that
focused on individuals to its current recognition that health
literacy is a multidimensional team and system function. Health
literacy includes system demands and complexities as well as
individual skills and abilities. While communicating in a
health-literate manner is truly important for everyone, it can be
especially important for those with mental or behavioral health
issues and for the systems and teams that interact with them and
treat these individuals. The purpose of the workshop, which was
held on July 11, 2018, in Washington, DC, was to explore issues
associated with effective communication with individuals with
mental or behavioral health issues and to identify ways in which
health literacy approaches can facilitate communication. In
particular, the workshop aimed to gain a better understanding of
how behavioral health and mental health concerns can adversely
affect communications between providers and patients and their
families. This publication summarizes the presentations and
discussions from the workshop. Table of Contents Front Matter 1
Introduction 2 The Personal Experience 3 Setting the Stage 4
Exploring Innovative Approaches 5 Where Do We Go from Here? 6
Reflections of the Day Appendix A: Workshop Agenda Appendix B:
Biographical Sketches of Workshop Moderators, Speakers, and
Panelists
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Design, Implementation, Monitoring, and Sharing of Performance Standards for Laboratory Animal Use - Summary of a Workshop (Paperback)
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Institute for Laboratory Animal Research, Roundtable on Science and Welfare in Laboratory Animal Use; Edited by Lida Anestidou, …
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Ships in 12 - 17 working days
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In order to better understand the critical issues pertaining to the
concept of performance standards for laboratory animal use, the
Institute for Laboratory Animal Research Roundtable on Science and
Welfare in Laboratory Animal Use held a public workshop on April
20-21, 2015. The purpose of the workshop was to promote the
appropriate and responsible care of animals in research, to provide
a balanced and civil forum for discussion and collaboration, and to
help build transparency and trust among stakeholders. Participants
addressed the challenges of defining, developing, implementing,
assessing, and validating performance standards to ensure "optimal
practices, management, and operations." This report summarizes the
presentations and discussions from the workshop. Table of Contents
Front Matter 1 Introduction 2 Overview of Performance Standards for
the Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals 3 Regulatory and
Advisory Perspectives 4 End-User Perspectives 5 Detailed Steps in
the Development and Implementation of Performance Standards 6
Reports from the Breakout Sessions 7 Sharing Acceptable Performance
Standards 8 Reflections on the Workshop Appendix A: Workshop Agenda
Appendix B: Biographical Sketches of Workshop Speakers and
Organizing Committee Members Appendix C: Statement of Task
Technological Challenges in Antibiotic Discovery and Development is
the summary of a workshop convened by the Chemical Sciences
Roundtable in September 2013 to explore the current state of
antibiotic discovery and examine the technology available to
facilitate development. Through formal presentations and panel
discussions, participants from academia, industry, federal research
agencies discussed the technical challenges present and the
incentives and disincentives industry faces in antibiotic
development, and identified novel approaches to antibiotic
discovery. Antibiotic resistance is a serious and growing problem
in modern medicine and it is emerging as a pre-eminent public
health threat. Each year in the United States alone, at least two
million acquire serious infections with bacteria that are resistant
to one or more antibiotics, and at least 23,000 people die annually
as a direct result of these antibiotic-resistant infections. In
addition to the toll on human life, antibiotic-resistant infections
add considerable and avoidable costs to the already overburdened
U.S. health care system. This report explores the challenges in
overcoming antibiotic resistance, screening for new antibiotics,
and delivering them to the sites of infection in the body. The
report also discusses a path forward to develop the next generation
of potent antimicrobial compounds capable of once again tilting the
battle against microbial pathogens in favor of humans.
Technological Challenges in Antibiotic Discovery and Development
gives a broad view of the landscape of antibiotic development and
the technological challenges and barriers to be overcome. Table of
Contents Front Matter 1 Introduction and Overview 2 Challenges In
Overcoming Antibiotic Resistance 3 Challenges in Screening 4
Challenges In Drug Delivery 5 General Observations Appendix A:
Statement of Task Appendix B: Agenda Appendix C: Biographical
Information Appendix D: Workshop Attendees
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