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In the time span of a two term US presidency, Poland went from an
authoritarian one-party state with a faltering centrally planned
economy to become a relatively stable multiparty democracy and a
market economy with one of the highest GDP growth rates in Europe.
A central feature of these economic and political reforms is a high
rate of entry of new, domestically owned firms. This book uses
detailed economic and political data to examine how these new firms
contributed to the Polish transition. The authors test propositions
about why some regions have more new firms than others and how the
success of these new firms contributed to political constituencies
that supported economically liberal parties. The book concludes by
contrasting the Polish with the experiences of other transitional
countries.
The aspects of this text which we believe are novel, at least in
degree, include: an effort to motivate different sections with
practical examples and an empirical orientation; an effort to
intersperse several easily motivated examples throughout the book
and to maintain some continuity in these examples; and the
extensive use of Monte Carlo simulations to demonstrate particular
aspects of the problems and estimators being considered. In terms
of material being presented, the unique aspects include the first
chapter which attempts to address the use of empirical methods in
the social sciences, the seventh chapter which considers models
with discrete dependent variables and unobserved variables. Clearly
these last two topics in particular are quite advanced--more
advanced than material that is currently available on the subject.
These last two topics are also currently experiencing rapid
development and are not adequately described in most other texts.
Why do people identify with political parties? How stable are those
identifications? Stable party systems, with a limited number of
parties and mostly stable voter identification with a party, are
normally considered significant signals of a steady democracy. In
Dynamic Partisanship, Ken Kollman and John E. Jackson study
changing patterns of partisanship in the United States, the United
Kingdom, Canada, and Australia over the last fifty years in order
to disentangle possible reasons for shifting partisanship and party
identification. The authors argue that changes in partisanship can
be explained by adjustments in voters' attitudes toward issues or
parties; the success or failure of policies advocated by parties;
or alterations in parties' positions on key issues. They contend
that, while all three factors contribute, it is the latter, a party
changing positions on a chief concern, that most consistently leads
voters to or from a particular party. Their approach provides a
deeper knowledge of the critical moving parts in democratic
politics.
This comprehensive reference on all aspects of pomology at the organ, tree and orchard level describes the main varieties and rootstocks, and the factors controlling their growth, cropping, fruit quality, storage life, fertilizer and irrigation needs. It emphasizes the principles underlying modern high-density planting and the production of fruits in environments ranging from temperate to tropical. The book will be suitable for fruit farmers and technical advisors as well as scientific researchers and students of pomology and horticulture.
Why do people identify with political parties? How stable are those
identifications? Stable party systems, with a limited number of
parties and mostly stable voter identification with a party, are
normally considered significant signals of a steady democracy. In
Dynamic Partisanship, Ken Kollman and John E. Jackson study
changing patterns of partisanship in the United States, the United
Kingdom, Canada, and Australia over the last fifty years in order
to disentangle possible reasons for shifting partisanship and party
identification. The authors argue that changes in partisanship can
be explained by adjustments in voters' attitudes toward issues or
parties; the success or failure of policies advocated by parties;
or alterations in parties' positions on key issues. They contend
that, while all three factors contribute, it is the latter, a party
changing positions on a chief concern, that most consistently leads
voters to or from a particular party. Their approach provides a
deeper knowledge of the critical moving parts in democratic
politics.
In the time span of a two-term US presidency, Poland went from an
authoritarian one-party state with a faltering centrally planned
economy to become a relatively stable multiparty democracy and a
market economy with one of the highest GDP growth rates in Europe.
A central feature of these economic and political reforms is a high
rate of entry of new, domestically owned firms. This book uses
detailed economic and political data to examine how these new firms
contributed to the Polish transition. The authors test propositions
about why some regions have more new firms than others and how the
success of these new firms contributed to political constituencies
that supported economically liberal parties. The book concludes by
contrasting the Polish with the experiences of other transitional
countries.
Biology of Apples and Pears is a comprehensive reference book on
all aspects of pomology at the organ, tree and orchard level. It
provides detailed information on propagation, root and shoot
growth, root stock effects, canopy development in relation to
orchard design, flowering, pollination, fruit set, fruit growth,
fruit quality factors and quality retention in store. It also deals
with mineral nutrition, water-relations and irrigation, diseases
and pests and biotechnology. The book emphasises the scientific
basis of modern tree and orchard management and fruit storage. It
describes key cultivar differences and their physiology and
genetics and environmental effects and cultivar x environment
interactions in tropical and sub-tropical as well as temperate zone
conditions. It is written for fruit growers, extension workers,
plant breeders, biotechnologists and storage and crop protection
specialists as well as for researchers and students of pomology and
horticulture.
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