In "The Established and the Outsiders", Elias and Scotson explain differences in power and rank between two very similar groups - both working class - in a local community studied in the early 1960s. They show how one group monopolised sources of power and used them to exclude and stigmatise members of the other, pinpointing the role of gossip in the process. In a later theoretical introduction, Elias advanced a general theory of power relations, applying the established-outsiders model to changing power balances between classes, ethnic groups, colonised and colonisers, men and women, parents and children, gays and straights. A further theoretical development in the last year of his life is an essay inspired by Harper Lee's "To Kill a Mocking Bird", published here in English for the first time.

The Established and the Outsiders is a classic text from one of the major figures of world sociology. This new edition includes a theoretical introduction, published in English for the first time. In Norbert Elias's hands, a local community study of tense relations between an established group and outsiders - with no other discernible difference between them - becomes a microcosm that illuminates a wide range of sociological configurations including racial, ethnic, class and gender relations. The book examines the mechanisms of stigmatisation, taboo and gossip, monopolisation of power, collective fantasy and 'we' and 'they' images which support and reinforce divisions in society. Developing aspects of Elias's thinking that relate his work to current sociological concerns, it presents the fullest elaboration of his concepts of mutual identification and functional democratisation. The Established and the Outsiders not only brings out the important theoretical implications of micro-analysis but also demonstrates the significance of such detailed study analysis for better sociological theory. It is essential reading for students and scholars in social theory, sociology and anthropology.

The Established and the Outsiders is a classic text from two major figures in the world of sociology. Developing a series of theoretical concepts essential to the understanding of such sociological configurations as ethnic and gender relations, Norbert Elias and John L. Scotson analyze the effects and experiences of those within--and without--the boundaries of traditional society. Through the evaluation of community, the authors apply microcosmic study to macrocosmic philosophy and planning; mutual identification and functional democratization are among the topics discussed in this context. Offering its first English language introduction, the second edition of this enduring work remains requisite reading for students and scholars of social theory, sociology, and anthropology.