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Showing 1 - 6 of 6 matches in All Departments
Bacon and Osetsky present an atomistic model of
dislocation-particle interactions in metal systems, including
irradiated materials. This work is important in simulating actual
behavior, removing earlier reliance on assumed mechanisms for
dislocation motion. New mechanisms for dislocation generation under
shock loading are presented by Meyers et al. These models provide a
basis for understanding the constitutive behavior of shocked
material. Saada and Dirras provide a new perspective on the
Hall-Petch relation, with particular emphasis on nanocrystals. Of
particular significance, deviations from the traditional stress
proportional to the square-root of grain size relation are
explained. Robertson et al consider a number of effects of hydrogen
on plastic flow and provide a model that provides an explanation of
the broad range of properties. .
New models for dislocation structure and motion are presented for
nanocrystals, nucleation at grain boundaries, shocked crystals,
interphase interfaces, quasicrystals, complex structures with
non-planar dislocation cores, and colloidal crystals. A review of
experimentally established main features of the magnetoplastic
effect with their physical interpretation explains many diverse
results of this type. The model has many potential applications for
forming processes influenced by magnetic fields.
New materials addressed for the first time include the chapters
on minerals by Barber et al and the chapter on dislocations in
colloidal crystals by Schall and Spaepen. Moriarty et al extend the
first principles calculations of kink configurations in bcc metals
to high pressures, including the use of flexible boundary
conditions to model dilatational effects. Rabier et al clarify the
issue of glide-shuffle slip systems in diamond cubic and related
III-V compounds. Metadislocations, discussed by Feuerbacher and
Heggen, represent a new type of defect in multicomponent metal
compounds and alloys. Dislocation core structures identified in silicon at high stress Metadislocations, a new type of defect, identified and described Extension of dislocation concepts to complex minerals First observations of dislocations in colloidal crystals
Theory of Dislocations provides unparalleled coverage of the fundamentals of dislocation theory, with applications to specific metal and ionic crystals. Rather than citing final results, step-by-step developments are provided to offer an in-depth understanding of the topic. The text provides the solid theoretical foundation for researchers to develop modeling and computational approaches to discrete dislocation plasticity, yet it covers important experimental observations related to the effects of crystal structure, temperature, nucleation mechanisms, and specific systems. This new edition incorporates significant advances in theory, experimental observations of dislocations, and new findings from first principles and atomistic treatments of dislocations. Also included are new discussions on thin films, deformation in nanostructured systems, and connection to crystal plasticity and strain gradient continuum formulations. Several new computer programs and worked problems allow the reader to understand, visualize, and implement dislocation theory concepts.
Dislocations are lines of irregularity in the structure of a solid
analogous to the bumps in a badly laid carpet. Like these bumps
they can be easily moved, and they provide the most important
mechanism by which the solid can be deformed. They also have a
strong influence on crystal growth and on the electronic properties
of semiconductors.
This is the first volume to appear under the joint editorship of J.P. Hirth and F.R.N. Nabarro. While Volume 11 concentrated on the single topic of dislocations and work hardening, the present volume spreads over the whole range of the study of dislocations from the application by Kleman and his colleagues of homotopy theory to classifying the line and point defects of mesomorphic phases to Chaudhri's account of the experimental observations of dislocations formed around indentations. Chapter 64, by Cai, Bulatove, Chang, Li and Yip, discusses the influence of the structure of the core of a dislocation on its mobility. The power of modern computation allows this topic to be treated from the first principles of electron theory, and with empirical potentials for more complicated problems. Advances in electron microscopy allow these theoretical predictions to be tested. In Chapter 65, Xu analyzes the emission of dislocations from the tip of a crack and its influence on the brittle to ductile transition. Again, the treatment is predominantly theoretical, but it is consistently related to the very practical example of alpha iron. In a dazzling interplay of experiment and abstract mathematics, Kleman, Lavrentovich and Nastishin analyze the line and point structural defects of the many mesomorphic phases which have become known in recent years. Chapter 67, by Coupeau, Girard and Rabier, is essentially experimental. It shows how the various modern techniques of scanning probe microscopy can be used to study dislocations and their interaction with the free surface. Chapter 68, by Mitchell and Heuer, considers the complex dislocations that can form in ceramic crystals on the basisof observations by transmission electron microscopy and presents mechanistic models for the motion of the dislocations in various temperature regimes. While the underlying aim of the study of dislocations in energetic crystals by Armstrong and Elban in Chapter 69 is to understand the role of dislocations in the process of detonation, it has the wider interest of studying dislocations in molecular crystals which are elastically soft, plastically hard, and brittle''. Chaudhri in Chapter 70 discusses the role of dislocations in indentation processes, largely on the basis of the elastic analysis by E.H. Yoffe. The special case of nanoindentations is treated only briefly.
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