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The Fourth USA-USSR Symposium. on The Physics of Optical Phenomena
and Their Use as Probes of Matter, was held in Irvine, California,
January 23-27, 1990. Participating in the Symposium were 22
scientists from the USSR and 29 from the USA. In addition, to
provide an international dimension to this Symposium without,
however, compromising significantly its essentially binational
character, 7 non-US and non-USSR scientists were invited to take
part in it. The present volume is the proceedings of that
Symposium, and contains all manuscripts received prior to August 1,
1990, representing. scientific contributions presented. A few
manuscripts were not received, but for completeness the
corresponding abstract is printed.. Three previous USA/USSR
Binational Symposia on related topics have been held, viz. "Theory
of Light Scattering in Condensed Matter" (Moscow, 1975), "Light
Scattering in Solids" (New York, 1979), and "Laser Optics of
Condensed Matter" (Leningrad, 1987). These meetings were evaluated
by the participants as highly successful and provided invaluable
oppor tunities for researchers to exchange information and to
initiate colla borative work which led to research visits by US
physicist to Soviet laboratories, and vice versa, and which
continue to the present day.
It is very rewarding for an author to know that his book is to be
translated into another language and become available to a new
circle of readers. The study of the optics and spectroscopy of
activated crys stals has continued to grow. The development and
first remarkable successes of light scattering by impurities in
crystals have occurred in the comparatively short time since my
original book was sent to press. After experimental observation of
the sidebands (wings) in impurity infrared absorption spectra,
interest in these spectra as a source of information on the
vibrations of a crystal in the neigh borhood of an impurity has
increased significantly. Therefore, in addition to making minor
corrections, r have supplemented the section on the effect of
anharmonicity (section25) and written two new sections and another
Appendix on infrared ab sorption, scattering of light by an
impurity center in a crystal, and the adiabatic approximation,
respectively. The bibliography has received several dozen new
entries, but it nevertheless does not pretend to be complete. r
hope that the American edition is useful and in some de gree
corresponds to the general deepening of our physical under standing
of solids."
Almost fifteen years have now elapsed since the first observations
of per sistent spectral hole-burning in inhomogeneously broadened
absorption lines in solids. The fact that the spectral shape of an
inhomogeneously broadened line can be locally modified for long
periods of time has led to a large number of investigations of
low-temperature photophysics and photochemistry that would not have
been possible otherwise. Using hole burning, important information
has been obtained about a variety of in teractions, including
excited-state dephasing processes, host-guest dynam ics, proton
tunnelling, low-frequency excitation in amorphous hosts, relaxation
mechanisms for vibrational modes, photochemical mechanisms at
liquid helium temperatures, and external field perturbations. At
the same time, the possibility that persistent spectral holes might
be used to store digital information has led to the study of
materials and configura tions for frequency-domain optical storage
and related possible applica tions. This is the first full-length
book on persistent spectral hole-burning. The goal is to provide a
broadly based survey of the scientific principles and applications
of persistent spectral hole-burning. Since the topic is quite
interdisciplinary, the book is intended for researchers, graduate
stu dents, and advanced undergraduates in the fields of chemical
physics, solid-state physics, laser spectroscopy, solid-state
photochemistry, and high-performance optical storage and optical
processing.
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