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Ultrasonic transducers are key components in sensors for distance,
flow and level measurement as well as in power, biomedical and
other applications of ultrasound. Ultrasonic transducers reviews
recent research in the design and application of this important
technology.
Part one provides an overview of materials and design of ultrasonic
transducers. Piezoelectricity and basic configurations are explored
in depth, along with electromagnetic acoustic transducers, and the
use of ceramics, thin film and single crystals in ultrasonic
transducers. Part two goes on to investigate modelling and
characterisation, with performance modelling, electrical
evaluation, laser Doppler vibrometry and optical visualisation all
considered in detail. Applications of ultrasonic transducers are
the focus of part three, beginning with a review of surface
acoustic wave devices and air-borne ultrasound transducers, and
going on to consider ultrasonic transducers for use at high
temperature and in flaw detection systems, power, biomedical and
micro-scale ultrasonics, therapeutic ultrasound devices,
piezoelectric and fibre optic hydrophones, and ultrasonic motors
are also described.
With its distinguished editor and expert team of international
contributors, Ultrasonic transducers is an authoritative review of
key developments for engineers and materials scientists involved in
this area of technology as well as in its applications in sectors
as diverse as electronics, wireless communication and medical
diagnostics.
Reviews recent research in the design and application of ultrasonic
transducersProvides an overview of the materials and design of
ultrasonic transducers, with an in-depth exploration of
piezoelectricity and basic configurationsInvestigates modelling and
characterisation, applications of ultrasonic transducers, and
ultrasonic transducers for use at high temperature and in flaw
detection systems
Articles are presented, covering a wide range of topics in the
mathematical methods of quantum physics. These include infinite
dimensional analysis based on white noise, operator algebra
methods, Feynman path integrals, quantum mechanics on non-simply
connected spaces, recent results in supersymmetric theories,
stochastic and quantum dynamics, Yang-Baxter systems, statistical
physics, thermo field dynamics, and quantum field theory.
The essays are based on lectures contributed for the Second Jagna
International Workshop held in honour of Prof. Hiroshi Ezawa, a
distinguished physicist, educator, and former president of the
Physical Society of Japan.
The necessity of prediction and fine control in the food
manufacturing process is becoming more important than ever before,
and food researchers and engineers must confront difficulties
arising from the specificity of food materials and the sensitivity
of human beings to taste. Fortunately, an overview of world
research reveals that the mechanisms of the many complex phenomena
found in the food manufacturing process have been gradually
elucidated by skilful experiments using new analytical tools,
methods and theoretical analyses. This book, the proceedings of the
6th International Congress on Engineering and Food (ICEF6), held
for the first time in Asia - in Chiba, Japan May 23 -27, 1993 -
summarizes the frontiers of world food engineering in 1993.
Congress was joined by the 4th International Conference on Fouling
and Cleaning. There were 476 active members from 31 countries
participating in the Congress. The editors hope that readers will
find this book to be a useful review of the current state of food
engineering, and will consider future developments in this research
field. The editors extend thanks to the members of the organizing
committee of ICEF6, and the advisors, Dr. Ryozo Toei, Professor
Emeritus of Kyoto University and Dr. Masao Fujimaki, Professor
Emeritus of the University of Tokyo. They also acknowledge the
international advisory board members who helped the organizing
committee in many ways, and the 10 foundations and 66 companies
that financially supported the ICEF6. Finally, the editors are
indebted to the reviewers of the manuscripts of these proceedings.
Cervical laminoplasty for the treatment of ossification of the
posterior longitudinal ligament was developed and refined in Japan
during the 1970s. Since that time, various cervical laminoplasty
techniques have been further analyzed and modified, and have proven
to be clinically successful. Until now cervical laminoplasty has
been practiced primarily in Japan, and surgeons outside Japan had
only limited access to the detailed English literature needed to
make full use of the procedures. This book fills that gap in
English information and provides a detailed, up-to-date guide to
performing safe and effective cervical laminoplasty. Drawing on the
latest knowledge from Japan, the book covers the history of
cervical laminoplasty, surgical anatomy, basic procedures, modified
procedures, possible complications, and perspectives on the future
of expansive laminoplasty. This volume by leaders in the field is
an excellent guide for all surgeons interested in laminoplasty.
Studies on microbial RNases began in 1924 when NOGUCHI found
nucleic acid degrading enzymes in Takadiastase, a commercially
prepared digest from Aspergillus oryzae. In 1935 OrANI reported the
presence of enzymes degrading yeast RNA in fungi (Aspergillus sp.
etc.). In 1948, MCCARTY studied the nuclease activity in 36 strains
of group A hemolytic Streptococci and indicated the release of both
RNase and DNase from Streptococcal cells during growth in culture
media. As is well known, these nucleases (TILLETT et al., 1948) are
applied in the treatment of inflammatory exudates. In 1952,
MUGGLETON and WEBB found RNase in the culture medium of Actinomy-
ces (strain A), and they suggested that the ability of the medium
to render killed Gram-positive cells Gram-negative may be due to
the RNase. In the same year PARDEE and his colleagues (1952 a, b)
found RNase activity in E. coli (strain B) in- fected by
bacteriophage T r, T3 etc. 2 KUNINAKA (1954) found ribonuclease in
culture @trates of Aspergillus oryzae.
Quantum and chaos, key concepts in contemporary science, are
incompatible by nature. This volume presents an investigation into
quantum transport in mesoscopic or nanoscale systems which are
classically chaotic and shows the success and failure of quantal,
semiclassical, and random matrix theories in dealing with questions
emerging from the mesoscopic cosmos. These traditional theories are
critically analysed, and this leads to a new direction. To
reconcile quantum with chaos and to restore genuine temporal chaos
in quantum systems, a time-discrete variant of quantum dynamics is
proposed. Audience: This book will be of interest to graduate
students and researchers in physics, chemistry and mathematics,
whose work involves fundamental questions of quantum mechanics in
chaotic systems.
Cervical laminoplasty for the treatment of ossification of the
posterior longitudinal ligament was developed and refined in Japan
during the 1970s. Since that time, various cervical laminoplasty
techniques have been further analyzed and modified, and have proven
to be clinically successful. Until now cervical laminoplasty has
been practiced primarily in Japan, and surgeons outside Japan had
only limited access to the detailed English literature needed to
make full use of the procedures. This book fills that gap in
English information and provides a detailed, up-to-date guide to
performing safe and effective cervical laminoplasty. Drawing on the
latest knowledge from Japan, the book covers the history of
cervical laminoplasty, surgical anatomy, basic procedures, modified
procedures, possible complications, and perspectives on the future
of expansive laminoplasty. This volume by leaders in the field is
an excellent guide for all surgeons interested in laminoplasty.
Quantum and chaos, key concepts in contemporary science, are
incompatible by nature. This volume presents an investigation into
quantum transport in mesoscopic or nanoscale systems which are
classically chaotic and shows the success and failure of quantal,
semiclassical, and random matrix theories in dealing with questions
emerging from the mesoscopic cosmos. These traditional theories are
critically analysed, and this leads to a new direction. To
reconcile quantum with chaos and to restore genuine temporal chaos
in quantum systems, a time-discrete variant of quantum dynamics is
proposed. Audience: This book will be of interest to graduate
students and researchers in physics, chemistry and mathematics,
whose work involves fundamental questions of quantum mechanics in
chaotic systems.
This is the story of Bucky, a humble dollar bill, and the changes
that happens when he is spent and spread around in a small town.
This book presents the latest research on aquaculture which is the
cultivation of aquatic organisms. Unlike fishing, aquaculture, also
known as aquafarming, implies the cultivation of aquatic
populations under controlled conditions. Mariculture refers to
aquaculture practised in marine environments. Particular kinds of
aquaculture include algaculture (the production of kelp/seaweed and
other algae); fish farming; shrimp farming, shellfish farming, and
the growing of cultured pearls.
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