Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made available for future generations to enjoy.

How do young people survive in the era of high unemployment, persistent economic crises and poor living standards that characterise post-communist society in the former Soviet Union? This major original book - written by leading authorities in the field - shows how young people have managed to maintain optimism despite the very severe economic and social problems that beset the countries of the former Soviet Union. In most former Soviet countries the devastating initial shock of market reforms has been followed by precious little therapy. The effects have been most pronounced among young people as only a minority have prospered in the new market economies and inequalities have widened dramatically. Despite an all-round improvement in educational standards, most young people have been unable to obtain proper jobs. Housing and family transitions have been blocked. Uses of free time have shifted massively from the public into the private domain. Few young people have any confidence that their countries' political leaders will engineer solutions. Yet in spite of all this, the majority prefer the new uncertainties, and the merest prospect of the Western way of life, to the old guarantees. They are prepared to give the reforms more time to deliver, but this time is now fast running out. Surviving Post-communism will be an illuminating exposition of the realities of post-communist life for scholars of sociology and transition studies.

This text is designed to be used on its own, or as a companion volume to the accompanying "American Cities and Technology Reader". Chronologically, this volume ranges from 1790, when the first US census reported 5 percent of the population living in urban areas, to 1990, when 75 percent of the American population lived in urban areas. Geographically, its focus is the continental USA. However, the context for the study of modern electronic communications in relation to cities transcends national boundaries just as the technologies themselves do; consequently the contents of the last two chapters in the volume range more widely around the globe. Among the issues discussed are the rise of the skyscraper, the coming of the automobile age, relations between private and public transport, the development of infrastructural technologies and systems, the implications of electronic communications and the emergence of city planning.

The neglected period of the Protectorate is reviewed and reassessed in this stimulating collection. The Protectorate is arguably the Cinderella of Interregnum studies: it lacks the immediate drama of the Regicide, the Republic or the Restoration, and is often dismissed as a 'retreat from revolution', a short period of conservative rule before the inevitable return of the Stuarts. The essays in this volume present new research that challenges this view. They argue instead that the Protectorate was dynamic and progressive, even if the policies put forwardwere not always successful, and often created further tensions within the government and between Whitehall and the localities. Particular topics include studies of Oliver Cromwell and his relationship with Parliament, and the awkward position inherited by his son, Richard; the role of art and architecture in creating a splendid protectoral court; and the important part played by the council, as a law-making body, as a political cockpit, and as part of a hierarchy of government covering not just England but also Ireland and Scotland. There are also investigations of the reactions to Cromwellian rule in Wales, in the towns and cities of the Severn/Avon basin, and in the local communities of England faced with a far-reaching programme of religious reform. PATRICK LITTLE is Senior Research Fellow at the History of Parliament Trust. Contributors: BARRY COWARD, DAVID L. SMITH, JASON PEACEY, PAUL HUNNEYBALL, BLAIR WORDEN, PETER GAUNT, LLOYD BOWEN, STEPHEN K. ROBERTS, CHRISTOPHER DURSTON.

In this interdisciplinary collection leading experts and scholars from criminology, psychology, law and history provide a compelling analysis of practices and beliefs that lead to violence against women, men and children in the name 'honour'.

Rural Settlement in Britain (1977) examines the roots of rural settlements prior to the Domesday Book of 1086 and their evolution and changes up to the twentieth century. It looks at the impact of varied environmental, social and economic forces upon settlement and analyses the key questions and models applicable to each particular village. Three systematic themes are closely studied – the forces affecting settlement patterns, the development of village plans, and hamlet and farm settlements.

Applied Christian Ethics addresses selected themes in Christian social ethics. The book is divided in three parts. In the first section, "Foundation," several contributors reveal their Christian realist roots and discuss the prophetic origins and multifarious agenda of social ethics. Thus, the names of Reinhold Niebuhr and Paul Tillich come up frequently. In the second section, "Economics and Justice," the focus turns to the different levels at which economics has significance for social justice. These chapters discuss fair housing at the local level, the dialogue between Christians and Native Americans over property rights at the regional and national levels, and trade and international organization. In the third and final section, "Politics, War, and Peacemaking," the content ranges from the existential experience of a soldier to that of a veteran of civil rights activism, from theorizing about peacemaking to commenting on the use of drones.

This issue of Veterinary Clinics of North America: Exotic Animal Practice focuses on Emergency and Critical Care. Articles include:. Basic Shock Physiology and Critical Care; Common Emergencies in Pet Birds; Emergency and Critical Care in Pet Birds; Common Emergencies of Small Mammals; Critical Care, Analgesia and Anesthesia of Small Mammals; Toxicologic Emergencies in Exotics; Common Wildlife Emergencies; Arachnid and Insect Emergency Care, Rabbit Physiology and Treatment for Shock? and more!

The elections in 1994 in Germany gave rise to the word Superwahjahr (super-election year). In addition to the election of a new Bundestag in October, there was a presidential election, elections to the European Parliament and elections for seven Lander parliaments. This book provides a set of analyses of those elections, with emphasis on the Bundestag election.

This book provides an historical overview of the recent developments in the history of diverse fields within chemistry. It follows on from Recent Developments in the History of Chemistry, a volume published in 1985. Covering chiefly the last 20 years, the primary aim of Chemical History: Reviews of the Recent Literature is to familiarise newcomers to the history of chemistry with some of the more important developments in the field. Starting with a general introduction and look at the early history of chemistry, subsequent chapters go on to investigate the traditional areas of chemistry (physical, organic, inorganic) alongside analytical chemistry, physical organic chemistry, medical chemistry and biochemistry, and instruments and apparatus. Topics such as industrial chemistry and chemistry in national contexts, whilst not featuring as separate chapters, are woven throughout the content. Each chapter is written by experts and is extensively referenced to the international chemical literature. Chemical History: Reviews of the Recent Literature is also ideal for chemists who wish to become familiar with historical aspects of their work. In addition, it will appeal to a wider audience interested in the history of chemistry, as it draws together historical materials that are widely scattered throughout the chemical literature.

Contents:
Introduction
1. The Indian Legacy in the American Landscape Karl W. Butzer 2. Spanish Legacy in the Borderlands David Hornbeck 3. the Laws of the Indies John W. Reps 4. St Augustine, Florida John W. Reps 5. Mission, Presidio and Pueblo in California John W. Reps 6. French Landscapes in North America Cole Harris 7. New Orleans John W. Reps 8. The Northeast and the Making of American Geographical Habits Peirce F. Lewis 9. Timber Framing in Colonial America Carl W. Condit 10. Masonry Construction in Colonial America Carl W. Condit 11. Chicago: Nature's Metropolis William Cronon 12. Comparitive Perspectives on Transit in Europe and the United States, 1850-1914 John P. McKay 13. The Trolley and Suburbanization Kenneth T. Jackson 14. The Revolution in Street Pavements Clay McShane 15. The Decentralization of Los Angeles during the 1920s Mark S. Foster 16. The Minimum House Greg Hise 17. Light, Height, and Site: The Skyscraper in Chicago Carol Willis 18. Decisions about Wastewater Technology; 1850-1932 Joel Tarr 19. Refuse Pollution and Municipal Reform: The Waste Problem in America, 1880-1917 Martin Melosi 20. "The Best Lighted City in the World": The Construction of a Noctural Landscape in Chicago Mark J. Bouman 21. Regional Planning for the Great American Metropolis: New York between the World Wars David A. Johnson 22. Transport: Maker and Breaker of Cities Colin Clark 23. Order in Diversity: Community without Propinquity Melvin W. Webber 24. Squaring the Circle: Can We Resolve the Clarkian Paradox? Peter Hall 25. New Highways James Martin 26. Telecommunications and the Changing Geographies of Knowledge Transmission in the Late 20th Century Barney Warf 27. Cities and their Airports: Policy Formation, 1926-1952 Paul Barrett 28. The Growth of the City Ernest W. Burgess 29. Boston's Highway 128: High-Technology Reindustrialization Manuel Castells and Peter Hall 30. The Role of Information Technology in the Planning and Development of Singapore Kenneth E. Corey 31. Continuity and Change in Conceptions of the Wired City William H. Dutton, Jay G. Blumler and Kenneth L. Kraemer

Designed to be used on its own or as a companion volume to the American Cities and Technology textbook. Chronologically, this volume ranges from the earliest technological dimensions of Amerindian settlements to the 'wired city' concept of the 1960s and internet communications of the 1990s.Its focus extends beyond the US to include telecomunications in Asian cities in the late 20th century. The topics covered:
* the rise of the skyscraper
*the coming of the automobile age
* relations between private and public transport
* the development of infrastructural technologies and systems
* the implications of electronic communications
* the emergence of city planning.

The most comprehensive and complete study ever compiled about the turbulent period of the English and British Civil Wars and their aftermath. The work of more than thirty years and multiple authors, the long-awaited nine volumes and more than 8,000 pages of The History of Parliament: The House of Commons 1640-1660 make up an enormous resource that historians will regard as the most comprehensive collection of information and analysis ever compiled of the politics of perhaps the most critical and dramatic period of English and British history. During it, a political crisis became a civil war in which the Westminster Parliament confronted, and ultimately defeated King Charles I, putting him on trial and executing him in 1649. Over the following eleven years, the struggle to establish a stable and legitimate government saw the young Republic displaced in 1653 by the army under Oliver Cromwell, Cromwell's assumption of the title of Lord Protector, and, after his death a contest for power that ended with the collapse of the revived Republic and the ultimate Restoration of the monarchy under Charles II. The work's main component is the 1,800 biographies of everyone was elected to the House of Commons between these years, including substantial reinterpretations of the lives of all of the major figures - Cromwell, Pym, Hampden and many others - as well as members of Oliver Cromwell's 'Other House', the second chamber of 1658-9. There are also accounts of the politics and elections of each constituency that returned members to the House of Commons - including the Scottish and Irish counties and towns that did so under the short-lived union constitution of 1653, the Instrument of Government. There are studies of the series of executive committees that were set up by Parliament to manage the enormous tasks of raising money for the war, directing its forces, maintaining its relationships with its allies (especially the Scots), and negotiating with foreign powers. And, finally, there is an introductory survey, summarising and analysing all this material as well as providing an essential political narrative of the period. These volumes contain huge amounts of previously unknown information about the personalities and backgrounds of those involved in politics, and fresh and authoritative interpretation of their manoeuvrings and motivations. They include the lives of the many lesser-known, lower-status figures who came to prominence and entered national politics through service in the military or administrative roles in the parliamentarian war effort, as well as the grander gentry figures who were more familiar at Westminster. They include the charismatic and powerful men who were the backbone of the parliamentary regime such as Henry Marten, or the younger Sir Henry Vane; front-rank soldier-politicians like John Lambert, Henry Ireton or George Monck; and key polemicists such as William Prynne or Edward Hyde. The committee articles for the first time expose the administrative machinery of Parliament's war effort, together with the factional struggles of those involved. Given the detail and comprehensiveness of the biographies, the work will be vital not only for political historians, but for military, literary, social and economic historians of the period; while the constituency histories make a major contribution to local histories across the British Isles. The History of Parliament: The House of Commons 1640-1660 constitutes an essential resource that will transform the way in which we study and think about the English and British Civil Wars.

The right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion in Article 9 of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) has become increasingly significant and contested. Through an examination of ECHR Article 9, its drafting history, and the related jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR), Caroline K. Roberts challenges the classic approach to this right in the literature. Roberts argues that claims that there is, or should be, a clear binary and hierarchical distinction between the absolutely protected internal realm and the qualified external realm in this right are not founded textually or jurisprudentially. Rather, the primary materials suggest that the internal and external aspects are deeply interrelated, and this is reflected in the ECtHR's nuanced and holistic approach to ECHR Article 9 protection. This comprehensive, rigorous and up-to-date reappraisal of ECHR Article 9 and the related ECtHR jurisprudence will be essential reading for academics and practitioners.

German politics today surveys the German political system, based on up--to--date information covering the period since the 1998 Bundestag election and the new coalition government under Chancellor Schroder. A concise survey of the historical background to the present-day political system, including the steps that led to German reunification in 1990, is followed by analysis of the institutions of political participation (election, parties and interest groups) and the institutions of government (the constitution, the legislature, chancellor government and the federal system). The book concludes by considering the symbiotic relationship between Germany and Europe, and assesses how apt it is to consider Germany to be a 'normal' democracy today.

The author draws on German as well as English--language sources of data, ensuring that recent changes in the political system are fully explained, and provides coverage of the constitutional as well as the historical and partisan basis of contemporary German politics.

Special features include boxes, (which explain topics such as the 'surplus seats' which have occurred at recent Bundestag elections), a chronology of events leading to German reunification, and examples of interest groups officially registered with the Bundestag.

It will appeal to those studying undergraduate courses on German politics, and provide a valuable resource for those studying comparative European political systems.

With the passage of NAFTA, Canada has suddenly caught the attention of its U.S. neighbors. There has been too little knowledge of this society, which seems so "American," yet stubbornly insists on maintaining its separate and sometimes hostile identity. In this book, Joseph K. Roberts describes for U.S. readers the centuries of transformation that have taken Canada from British colonial status to the high ranks of industrial power. Through the decades, Canada has seen its national development shaped by the dictates of U.S. government and corporate centers. With a clear account of present-day political and economic issues, this text is as timely as it is instructive for students of political science and Canadian and American studies.

In this interdisciplinary collection leading experts and scholars from criminology, psychology, law and history provide a compelling analysis of practices and beliefs that lead to violence against women, men and children in the name 'honour'.

While the neoliberal model continues to dominate economic and political life in Latin America, people throughout the region have begun to strategize about how to move beyond this model. Twelve cutting-edge papers investigate how Latin Americans are struggling to articulate a future in which neoliberalism is reconfigured.