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The European Court of Justice (ECJ) has played a vital role in
promoting the process of European integration. In recent years,
however, the expansion of EU law has led it to impact ever more
politically sensitive issues, and controversial ECJ judgments have
elicited unprecedented levels of criticism. Can we expect the Court
to sustain its role as a motor of deeper integration without Member
States or other countervailing forces intervening? To answer this
question, we need to revisit established explanations of the
Court's power to see if they remain viable in the Court's
contemporary environment. We also need to better understand the
ultimate limits of the Court's power - the means through which and
extent to which national governments, national courts, litigants
and the Court's other interlocutors attempt to influence the Court
and to limit the impact of its rulings. In this book, leading
scholars of European law and politics investigate how the ECJ has
continued to support deeper integration and whether the EU is
experiencing an increase in countervailing forces that may diminish
the Court's ability or willingness to act as a motor of
integration. This book was published as a special issue of the
Journal of European Public Policy.
The European Court of Justice (ECJ) has played a vital role in
promoting the process of European integration. In recent years,
however, the expansion of EU law has led it to impact ever more
politically sensitive issues, and controversial ECJ judgments have
elicited unprecedented levels of criticism. Can we expect the Court
to sustain its role as a motor of deeper integration without Member
States or other countervailing forces intervening? To answer this
question, we need to revisit established explanations of the
Court's power to see if they remain viable in the Court's
contemporary environment. We also need to better understand the
ultimate limits of the Court's power - the means through which and
extent to which national governments, national courts, litigants
and the Court's other interlocutors attempt to influence the Court
and to limit the impact of its rulings. In this book, leading
scholars of European law and politics investigate how the ECJ has
continued to support deeper integration and whether the EU is
experiencing an increase in countervailing forces that may diminish
the Court's ability or willingness to act as a motor of
integration. This book was published as a special issue of the
Journal of European Public Policy.
This reference presents a detailed overview of approaches and
techniques in the management of pain caused by tissue, nerve and
central nervous system injuries, categorizing pain into a variety
of syndromes and underlying mechanisms to aid the development of
interventional pharmacologic measures.
This reference presents a detailed overview of approaches and
techniques in the management of pain caused by tissue, nerve and
central nervous system injuries, categorizing pain into a variety
of syndromes and underlying mechanisms to aid the development of
interventional pharmacologic measures.
Thirty mind-boggling manuevers-arranged in order of difficulty-include finding cards, mind reading feats, causing a card to rise mysteriously from the deck, more. Helpful diagrams, easy-to-follow instructions help young magicians prepare and manipulate cards, develop line of patter.
The emergence of network facilities and the increased availability
of personal computer systems over the last decade has seen a
growing interest in the use of computers to support cooperative
work. This volume contains the proceedings of the sixth European
Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW), a
multi-disciplinary area which embraces both the development of new
technologies and an understanding of the relationship between
technology and society. These proceedings present a collection of
papers that encompass activities in the field, treating such
subjects as virtual environments, uses of the Internet, studies of
cooperative work and emerging models, studies of groupware systems
in use in real-world settings, and theories and techniques to
support the development of cooperative applications. The articles
feature emerging technologies alongside new methods and approaches
to the expansion of this important class of applications. Audience:
This work reflects the best of the current research and practice
within CSCW. It will appeal to both researchers and practitioners
whose work involves computer and information science,
human-computer interaction, information systems, hypermedia,
organisational/social informatics and social studies of science and
technology.
th This volume gathers together the technical papers presented at
the 8 European Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work
(ECSCW), held in Helsinki Finland. ECSCW is an international forum
for multidisciplinary research covering the technical, empirical,
and theoretical aspects of collaboration and computer systems. The
20 papers presented here have been selected via a rigorous
reviewing process from 110 submissions. Both the number of
submissions and the quality of the selected papers are testimony to
the diversity and energy of the CSCW community. We trust that you
will find the papers interesting and that they will serve to
stimulate further quality work within the community. The technical
papers are complemented by a wider set of activities at ECSCW 2003,
including tutorials, workshops, demonstrations, videos, posters and
a doctoral colloquium. Together these provide rich opportunities
for discussion, learning and exploration of the more recent and
novel issues in the field. This conference could not have taken
place without considerable enthusiasm, support and participation,
not to mention the hard work of a number of people. In particular,
we would like to thank the following: * The authors, representing
over 17 countries and 97 institutions, who submitted a paper. So
many submissions of such high quality are the basis of a good
conference. * The members of the program committee who so
diligently reviewed and discussed papers. Their collective
decisions result in a good scientific program and their feedback to
authors strengthens the work of the community.
The emergence of network facilities and the increased availability
of personal computer systems over the last decade has seen the
development of interest in the use of computers to support
cooperative work. This volume presents the proceedings of the fifth
European conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW).
This is a multidisciplinary area which embraces both the
development of new technologies and an understanding of the
relationship between technology and society. This volume contains a
collection of papers that encompass activities in the field. It
includes papers addressing distribute virtual environments, the use
of the Internet, studies of work and emerging models, theories and
techniques to support the development of cooperative applications.
The papers present emerging technologies alongside new methods and
approaches to the development of this important class of
applications. The work in this volume represents the best of the
current research and practice within CSCW. The collection of papers
presented here will appeal to both researchers and practitioners
alike, as they combine an understanding of the nature of work with
the possibilities offered by new technologies.
Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) is an interdisciplinary
research area devoted to exploring the issues of designing
computer-based systems that enhance the abilities to cooperate and
integrate activities in an efficient and flexible manner for people
in cooperative work situations. This volume is a rigorous selection
of papers that represent both practical and theoretical approaches
to CSCW from many leading researchers in the field. As an
interdisciplinary area of research, CSCW brings together widely
disparate research traditions and perspectives from computer,
human, organisational and design sciences. The papers selected
reflect a variety of approaches and cultures in the field.
Audience: Of interest to a wide audience because of the huge
practical impact of the issues and the interdisciplinary nature of
the problems and solutions proposed. In particular: researchers and
professionals in computing, sociology, cognitive science, human
factors, and system design.
Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) is an interdisicplinary
research area devoted to exploring the issues of designing
computer-based systems that enhance the abilities of cooperating
workers to coordinate and integrate their activities in an
efficient, effective, and flexible manner. This rigorously selected
volume represents both practical and theoretical approaches from
many of the leading researchers in the field. As an
interdisciplinary area of research, CSCW is characterized by
bringing together widely disparate research traditions and
perspectives into an arena of collaboration and contention. The
selected papers reflect the diverse approaches and cultures of this
multi-disciplinary field. This collection will be of interest to a
wide audience - because of the huge practical import of the issues
and because of the interdisciplinary nature of the problems and the
solutions proposed. In particular, the volume will be of interest
to researchers and professionals in computing, sociology, cognitive
science, and human factors.
On being asked to write a book on migration and homing in animals,
intended as an introductory text to inform and stimulate both
students and non-specialists, I saw the following alternatives for
an outline: (1) I could discuss known or hypothetical mechanisms of
orientation, and enumerate animals known or thought to use these
mechanisms in migration and homing. (2) I could discuss the known
feats of orientation by animals under field observation (e. g.
migration), following some practic able order, with a subsequent
discussion of the attempts at and possible success in elucidating
the basic mechanisms of orientation. Both alternatives have obvious
disadvantages. (1) would suffer from the fact (a) that very few
orientation mechanisms (such as the sun, star, or magnetic compass)
have been firmly established and (b) that for many animals the
modes of orienta tion are unknown; therefore, for many animals
whose consider able feats of orientation are well known, an
appropriate alloca tion could not be made. With (2) the
disadvantage is that due to the complexity of animal movements, it
is difficult to find some relevant order and that in many animal
groups discussions of certain known mechanisms such as the sun com
pass would recur. I have selected outline (2) as the much lesser
evil. The discussion pursues a compromise between taxonomic order
and similarity in feats of orientation or methodological approaches
chosen by the various investigators."
th This volume gathers together the technical papers presented at
the 8 European Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work
(ECSCW), held in Helsinki Finland. ECSCW is an international forum
for multidisciplinary research covering the technical, empirical,
and theoretical aspects of collaboration and computer systems. The
20 papers presented here have been selected via a rigorous
reviewing process from 110 submissions. Both the number of
submissions and the quality of the selected papers are testimony to
the diversity and energy of the CSCW community. We trust that you
will find the papers interesting and that they will serve to
stimulate further quality work within the community. The technical
papers are complemented by a wider set of activities at ECSCW 2003,
including tutorials, workshops, demonstrations, videos, posters and
a doctoral colloquium. Together these provide rich opportunities
for discussion, learning and exploration of the more recent and
novel issues in the field. This conference could not have taken
place without considerable enthusiasm, support and participation,
not to mention the hard work of a number of people. In particular,
we would like to thank the following: * The authors, representing
over 17 countries and 97 institutions, who submitted a paper. So
many submissions of such high quality are the basis of a good
conference. * The members of the program committee who so
diligently reviewed and discussed papers. Their collective
decisions result in a good scientific program and their feedback to
authors strengthens the work of the community.
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ECSCW 2001 (Paperback, 2001 ed.)
Wolfgang Prinz, Matthias Jarke, Yvonne Rogers, K. Schmidt, Volker Wulf
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R3,147
Discovery Miles 31 470
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Ships in 10 - 15 working days
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Schmidt and Bannon (1992) introduced the concept of common
information space by contrasting it with technical conceptions of
shared information: Cooperative work is not facilitated simply by
the provisioning of a shared database, but rather requires the
active construction by the participants of a common information
space where the meanings of the shared objects are debated and
resolved, at least locally and temporarily. (Schmidt and Bannon, p.
22) A CIS, then, encompasses not only the information but also the
practices by which actors establish its meaning for their
collective work. These negotiated understandings of the information
are as important as the availability of the information itself: The
actors must attempt to jointly construct a common information space
which goes beyond their individual personal information spaces. . .
. The common information space is negotiated and established by the
actors involved. (Schmidt and Bannon, p. 28) This is not to suggest
that actors' understandings of the information are identical; they
are simply "common" enough to coordinate the work. People
understand how the information is relevant for their own work.
Therefore, individuals engaged in different activities will have
different perspectives on the same information. The work of
maintaining the common information space is the work that it takes
to balance and accommodate these different perspectives. A "bug"
report in software development is a simple example. Software
developers and quality assurance personnel have access to the same
bug report information. However, access to information is not
sufficient to coordinate their work.
|
ECSCW 2001 (Hardcover, 2001 ed.)
Wolfgang Prinz, Matthias Jarke, Yvonne Rogers, K. Schmidt, Volker Wulf
|
R3,228
Discovery Miles 32 280
|
Ships in 10 - 15 working days
|
Schmidt and Bannon (1992) introduced the concept of common
information space by contrasting it with technical conceptions of
shared information: Cooperative work is not facilitated simply by
the provisioning of a shared database, but rather requires the
active construction by the participants of a common information
space where the meanings of the shared objects are debated and
resolved, at least locally and temporarily. (Schmidt and Bannon, p.
22) A CIS, then, encompasses not only the information but also the
practices by which actors establish its meaning for their
collective work. These negotiated understandings of the information
are as important as the availability of the information itself: The
actors must attempt to jointly construct a common information space
which goes beyond their individual personal information spaces. . .
. The common information space is negotiated and established by the
actors involved. (Schmidt and Bannon, p. 28) This is not to suggest
that actors' understandings of the information are identical; they
are simply "common" enough to coordinate the work. People
understand how the information is relevant for their own work.
Therefore, individuals engaged in different activities will have
different perspectives on the same information. The work of
maintaining the common information space is the work that it takes
to balance and accommodate these different perspectives. A "bug"
report in software development is a simple example. Software
developers and quality assurance personnel have access to the same
bug report information. However, access to information is not
sufficient to coordinate their work.
The emergence of network facilities and the increased availability
of personal computer systems over the last decade has seen a
growing interest in the use of computers to support cooperative
work. This volume contains the proceedings of the sixth European
Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW), a
multi-disciplinary area which embraces both the development of new
technologies and an understanding of the relationship between
technology and society. These proceedings present a collection of
papers that encompass activities in the field, treating such
subjects as virtual environments, uses of the Internet, studies of
cooperative work and emerging models, studies of groupware systems
in use in real-world settings, and theories and techniques to
support the development of cooperative applications. The articles
feature emerging technologies alongside new methods and approaches
to the expansion of this important class of applications. Audience:
This work reflects the best of the current research and practice
within CSCW. It will appeal to both researchers and practitioners
whose work involves computer and information science,
human-computer interaction, information systems, hypermedia,
organisational/social informatics and social studies of science and
technology.
Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) is an interdisciplinary
research area devoted to exploring the issues of designing
computer-based systems that enhance the abilities to cooperate and
integrate activities in an efficient and flexible manner for people
in cooperative work situations. This volume is a rigorous selection
of papers that represent both practical and theoretical approaches
to CSCW from many leading researchers in the field. As an
interdisciplinary area of research, CSCW brings together widely
disparate research traditions and perspectives from computer,
human, organisational and design sciences. The papers selected
reflect a variety of approaches and cultures in the field.
Audience: Of interest to a wide audience because of the huge
practical impact of the issues and the interdisciplinary nature of
the problems and solutions proposed. In particular: researchers and
professionals in computing, sociology, cognitive science, human
factors, and system design.
Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) is an interdisicplinary
research area devoted to exploring the issues of designing
computer-based systems that enhance the abilities of cooperating
workers to coordinate and integrate their activities in an
efficient, effective, and flexible manner. This rigorously selected
volume represents both practical and theoretical approaches from
many of the leading researchers in the field. As an
interdisciplinary area of research, CSCW is characterized by
bringing together widely disparate research traditions and
perspectives into an arena of collaboration and contention. The
selected papers reflect the diverse approaches and cultures of this
multi-disciplinary field. This collection will be of interest to a
wide audience - because of the huge practical import of the issues
and because of the interdisciplinary nature of the problems and the
solutions proposed. In particular, the volume will be of interest
to researchers and professionals in computing, sociology, cognitive
science, and human factors.
Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) has emerged as a new
interdisciplinary forum for research into the issues central to the
design, implementation and use of technical systems which support
people working cooperatively. This rigorously selected volume of
papers contains both practical and theoretical approaches from many
of the leading researchers in the field. This collection
necessarily emphasises European research, where many of the
initiatives in CSCW originated. However, the papers have been
selected for international appeal and many international
contributions from, for example, leading researchers in the United
States and Japan are also included. This collection will be of
interest to a wide audience because of the interdisciplinary nature
of the problems and solutions proposed. These include the human and
information sciences generally, cognitive scientists,
psychologists, and allied technologists and social scientists.
Seven years have elapsed between this and the preced- ing major
symposium on animal orientation and naviga- tion, held on Wallops
Island, Va., USA in 1970. Never before between two symposia in this
field has there been such an enormous increase - more truly an
explo- sion - of new data, new evidence, new ideas, and meth- ods.
Moreover, environmental awareness has also in- creased
tremendously. The essential role of animals as bio-indicators, the
economic importance of dwindling stocks of fish, whales, and other
animals demand in- creasing efforts to investigate their life
cycles and whereabouts, and that means for many of them, their
travels between breeding, feeding, or wintering ranges. Although
many aspects of research in the various fields covered by this
symposium qualify as basic research, environmental and economic
considerations cannot be dismissed. Finally, there is a chance to
eventually find biologic systems of migration and orientation that
may be at least partially useful for human navigation or other
undertakings. The diversity of species involved in animal migration
and the methodologies employed in unraveling the modes of animal
navigation provide the reader of this volume with a survey of the
front line of research in this field, with emphasis on current
ideas and with a fore- taste of the problems ahead. The reports
offer insight into the experimental difficulties, sometimes formi-
dable, that the researcher encounters when dealing with
free-ranging animals.
In diesem Buch haben wir versucht, die vielfache Bedeutung
aufzuzeigen, welche die Relativitatstheorie heute hat: Sie ist
zunachst - zusammen mit der Quanten- theorie - eine der wichtigsten
Grundlagen der modernen Physik, die vor allem in den Laboratorien
der Hochenergiephysik standige Anwendung fmdet. Die Messung
raumlicher und zeitlicher Abstande stellt aber auch eine fUr die
Praxis wichtige Aufgabe dar. 60 Jahre nach der Aufstellung der
Relativitatstheorie durch Einstein ist heute die Messtechnik so
weit vorgeschritten, dass die Ergebnisse der Relativitats- theorie
fUr die Technik der Zeitmessung und fUr Ortungsaufgaben von
Bedeutung sind. Raum und Zeit gehoeren ferner zu den altesten
Anliegen philosophischen Denkens. Ober die Verknupfung dieser
Ideenwelt mit den Aussagen der Physik gibt es ein Spektrum von
Ansichten, das wir nur andeuten konnten. Schliesslich 2 war die
beruhmte Formel E = mc einer der ausschlaggebenden politischen
Fakto- ren unseres Jahrhunderts, so dass die Ergebnisse der Physik
hier in besonders direk- ter Weise technische und politische
Bedeutung erlangten. Sie koennen dieses Buch auf drei Arten
benutzen: Wenn Sie sich fUr einfache Her- leitungen der wichtigsten
Ergebnisse der Relativitatstheorie interessieren, dann sollten Sie
die Kapitell bis 7,13. 1 bis 13. 3, 14, 15 und 16. 1 lesen. Darin
werden die physikalischen Aussagen der Theorie mit elementaren
Methoden abgeleitet. Wollen Sie tiefer in die Ergebnisse der
Theorie eindringen, dann erganzen Sie diese Studien durch die
Lekture der Kapitel 8 bis 11.
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Discovery Miles 3 300
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