In this second edition of a best-selling handbook all the chapters have been completely revised and updated, while four completely new chapters have been added. In order to meet the needs of the practitioner, emphasis is placed on describing precisely the technology and know-how involved. Adopting a didactic and comprehensible approach, the book guides the reader through theory and applications, thus ensuring its warm welcome among the scientific community.
An excellent, essential and exhaustive overview.

These Proceedings result from the papers and discussions of the U.S.-Japan Seminar "Recent Advances in the Understanding of Solar Flares" held in Tokyo October 5-8, 1982. The meeting was sponsored jointly by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science and the u.S. National Science Foundation. The principal aim of the meeting was to obtain the most up-to-date physical picture of solar flares by bringing together results from the recent observations by the Solar Maximum Mission (SMM) and HINOTORI satellites, together with other satellite data and ground-based data at both optical and radio wavelengths. These data cover the recent maximum of the solar activity cycle. The SMM and HINOTORI introduced a new dimension in flare observations by carrying out the first hard X-ray imaging observations, and the organizers especially felt that an intense discussion of the significance of these results in the context of flare theories would be important. Starting with an introductory presentation of the characteristics of the instruments on board the satellites, the sessions of the first day and the beginning of the second dealt mainly with energy transport in flares and with .the formation process of the hot plasma which is .

Now more than ever, thrombotic and thromboembolic disorders as well as related diseases such as malignancies, arteriosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and obesity are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. They have become urgent medical problems with serious economic consequences in industrialized and devel- ing countries alike. At the same time, the impact of molecular biology and genetics on our understanding of thrombosis and hemostasis is rapidly growing stronger as well as our knowledge of regeneration and development of specific tissues, organs, and embryos. Researchers are also constantly learning more about cardiovascular diseases as well as regulatory mechanisms for various intrinsic and extrinsic stimuli in viable tissues. In this volume, our intention has been to present the latest relevant information in molecular biology and genetics as well as the clinical implications of a better understanding of pathophysiology, novel diagnostic methodologies, and therapeutic applications for new methods of prevention in thrombosis/hemostasis and related disorders, including atherosclerosis. The dramatic advances in knowledge of thrombosis/hemostasis and vascular biology since the first publication of Recent Advances in Thrombosis and Fibrinolysis, edited with Japanese colleagues, in 1991, have required extensive revision in order to highlight and review recent progress in the field. The editors also gratefully welcome the seven distinguished non Japanese authors, who, with their valuable contributions on subjects beyond the coverage by Japanese authors, have made this new edition truly international.

Now more than ever, thrombotic and thromboembolic disorders as well as related diseases such as malignancies, arteriosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and obesity are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. They have become urgent medical problems with serious economic consequences in industrialized and devel- ing countries alike. At the same time, the impact of molecular biology and genetics on our understanding of thrombosis and hemostasis is rapidly growing stronger as well as our knowledge of regeneration and development of specific tissues, organs, and embryos. Researchers are also constantly learning more about cardiovascular diseases as well as regulatory mechanisms for various intrinsic and extrinsic stimuli in viable tissues. In this volume, our intention has been to present the latest relevant information in molecular biology and genetics as well as the clinical implications of a better understanding of pathophysiology, novel diagnostic methodologies, and therapeutic applications for new methods of prevention in thrombosis/hemostasis and related disorders, including atherosclerosis. The dramatic advances in knowledge of thrombosis/hemostasis and vascular biology since the first publication of Recent Advances in Thrombosis and Fibrinolysis, edited with Japanese colleagues, in 1991, have required extensive revision in order to highlight and review recent progress in the field. The editors also gratefully welcome the seven distinguished non Japanese authors, who, with their valuable contributions on subjects beyond the coverage by Japanese authors, have made this new edition truly international.

Provides timely, comprehensive coverage of in vivo chemical reactions within live animals This handbook summarizes the interdisciplinary expertise of both chemists and biologists performing in vivo chemical reactions within live animals. By comparing and contrasting currently available chemical and biological techniques, it serves not just as a collection of the pioneering work done in animal-based studies, but also as a technical guide to help readers decide which tools are suitable and best for their experimental needs. The Handbook of In Vivo Chemistry in Mice: From Lab to Living System introduces readers to general information about live animal experiments and detection methods commonly used for these animal models. It focuses on chemistry-based techniques to develop selective in vivo targeting methodologies, as well as strategies for in vivo chemistry and drug release. Topics include: currently available mouse models; biocompatible fluorophores; radionuclides for radiodiagnosis/radiotherapy; live animal imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography (PET) imaging; magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); ultrasound imaging; hybrid imaging; biocompatible chemical reactions; ligand-directed nucleophilic substitution chemistry; biorthogonal prodrug release strategies; and various selective targeting strategies for live animals. -Completely covers current techniques of in vivo chemistry performed in live animals -Describes general information about commonly used live animal experiments and detection methods -Focuses on chemistry-based techniques to develop selective in vivo targeting methodologies, as well as strategies for in vivo chemistry and drug release -Places emphasis on material properties required for the development of appropriate compounds to be used for imaging and therapeutic purposes in preclinical applications Handbook of In Vivo Chemistry in Mice: From Lab to Living System will be of great interest to pharmaceutical chemists, life scientists, and organic chemists. It will also appeal to those working in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries.

A graduate-level description of recent Japanese research on the chemistry of amorphous silicon film deposition associated with plasma CVD, a step in producing amorphous semiconductors. Reports on studies (of microscopic processes of gas-phase reaction as well as chemical reactions on the film growin

A comprehensive treatment of model-based fuzzy control systems

This volume offers full coverage of the systematic framework for the stability and design of nonlinear fuzzy control systems. Building on the Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy model, authors Tanaka and Wang address a number of important issues in fuzzy control systems, including stability analysis, systematic design procedures, incorporation of performance specifications, numerical implementations, and practical applications.

Issues that have not been fully treated in existing texts, such as stability analysis, systematic design, and performance analysis, are crucial to the validity and applicability of fuzzy control methodology. Fuzzy Control Systems Design and Analysis addresses these issues in the framework of parallel distributed compensation, a controller structure devised in accordance with the fuzzy model.

This balanced treatment features an overview of fuzzy control, modeling, and stability analysis, as well as a section on the use of linear matrix inequalities (LMI) as an approach to fuzzy design and control. It also covers advanced topics in model-based fuzzy control systems, including modeling and control of chaotic systems. Later sections offer practical examples in the form of detailed theoretical and experimental studies of fuzzy control in robotic systems and a discussion of future directions in the field.

Fuzzy Control Systems Design and Analysis offers an advanced treatment of fuzzy control that makes a useful reference for researchers and a reliable text for advanced graduate students in the field.

Recent significant advances with transition-metal-mediated reactions have opened promising new routes to complex aromatic compounds and have been the subject of intense research in recent years. Featuring practical and efficient reactions to help organic chemists synthesize an important class of compounds, Transition-Metal-Mediated Aromatic Ring Construction provides a valuable guide to methods, synthetic routes, and strategies to construct aromatic rings. Chapters devoted to efficient and practical reactions demonstrate how to use them for the synthesis of various complex aromatic compounds.

Reflects the developments and new directions in the field since the publication of the first successful edition and contains a complete set of problems and solutions This revised and expanded edition reflects the developments and new directions in the field since the publication of the first edition. In particular, sections on nonstationary panel data analysis and a discussion on the distinction between deterministic and stochastic trends have been added. Three new chapters on long-memory discrete-time and continuous-time processes have also been created, whereas some chapters have been merged and some sections deleted. The first eleven chapters of the first edition have been compressed into ten chapters, with a chapter on nonstationary panel added and located under Part I: Analysis of Non-fractional Time Series. Chapters 12 to 14 have been newly written under Part II: Analysis of Fractional Time Series. Chapter 12 discusses the basic theory of long-memory processes by introducing ARFIMA models and the fractional Brownian motion (fBm). Chapter 13 is concerned with the computation of distributions of quadratic functionals of the fBm and its ratio. Next, Chapter 14 introduces the fractional Ornstein Uhlenbeck process, on which the statistical inference is discussed. Finally, Chapter 15 gives a complete set of solutions to problems posed at the end of most sections. This new edition features: Sections to discuss nonstationary panel data analysis, the problem of differentiating between deterministic and stochastic trends, and nonstationary processes of local deviations from a unit root Consideration of the maximum likelihood estimator of the drift parameter, as well as asymptotics as the sampling span increases Discussions on not only nonstationary but also noninvertible time series from a theoretical viewpoint New topics such as the computation of limiting local powers of panel unit root tests, the derivation of the fractional unit root distribution, and unit root tests under the fBm error Time Series Analysis: Nonstationary and Noninvertible Distribution Theory, Second Edition, is a reference for graduate students in econometrics or time series analysis. Katsuto Tanaka, PhD, is a professor in the Faculty of Economics at Gakushuin University and was previously a professor at Hitotsubashi University. He is a recipient of the Tjalling C. Koopmans Econometric Theory Prize (1996), the Japan Statistical Society Prize (1998), and the Econometric Theory Award (1999). Aside from the first edition of Time Series Analysis (Wiley, 1996), Dr. Tanaka had published five econometrics and statistics books in Japanese.

"Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene" is a timely second edition of the original "Science and Technology of Carbon Nanotubes." Updated to include expanded coverage of the preparation, purification, structural characterization, and common application areas of single- and multi-walled CNT structures, this work compares, contrasts, and, where appropriate, unitizes CNT to graphene. Thismuch expanded second edition reference supports knowledge discovery, production of impactful carbon research, encourages transition between research fields, and aids the formation of emergent applications. New chapters encompass recent developments in the theoretical treatments of electronic and vibrational structures, and magnetic, optical, and electrical solid-state properties, providing a vital base to research. Current and potential applications of both materials, including the prospect for large-scale synthesis of graphene, biological structures, and flexible electronics, are also critically discussed.
Updated discussion of properties, structure, and morphology of biological and flexible electronic applications aids fundamental knowledge discovery Innovative parallel focus on nanotubes and graphene enables you to learn from the successes and failures of, respectively, mature and emergent partner research disciplinesHigh-quality figures and tables on physical and mathematical applications expertly summarize key information - essential if you need quick, critically relevant data"

Buddhism is the fastest growing religion in the United States, with adherents estimated in the several millions. But what exactly defines a 'Buddhist'? This has been a much-debated question in recent years, particularly in regard to the religion's bifurcation into two camps: the so-called 'imported' or ethnic Buddhism of Asian immigrants and the 'convert' Buddhism of a mostly middle-class, liberal, intellectual elite. In this timely collection Charles S. Prebish and Kenneth K. Tanaka bring together some of the leading voices in Buddhist studies to examine the debates surrounding contemporary Buddhism's many faces. The contributors investigate newly Americanized Asian traditions such as Tibetan, Zen, Nichiren, Jodo Shinshu, and Theravada Buddhism and the changes they undergo to meet the expectations of a Western culture desperate for spiritual guidance. Race, feminism, homosexuality, psychology, environmentalism, and notions of authority are some of the issues confronting Buddhism for the first time in its three-thousand-year history and are powerfully addressed here. In recent years American Buddhism has been featured as a major story on ABC television news, National Public Radio, and in other national media. A strong new Buddhist journalism is emerging in the United States, and American Buddhism has made its way onto the Internet. The faces of Buddhism in America are diverse, active, and growing, and this book will be a valuable resource for anyone interested in understanding this vital religious movement.

The Brahma’s Net Sutra plays an important niche role in the development of East Asian Mahayana Buddhism. It is the primary extant Vinaya text that articulates the precepts from a Mahayana perspective. That is, it takes its main audience to be “bodhisattva practitioners,� mainly householders who remain engaged with society rather than becoming renunciant monks or nuns. The Vinayas, and especially the discourse in this sutra, show monastic and lay Buddhist practitioners engaged at every level of society, from top to bottom. Buddhist practitioners were involved in military affairs, political intrigues, matchmaking, and every other sort of “mundane� social activity. The Vinaya texts reveal how the Buddhist community in its time judged and dealt with such matters. The Brahma’s Net Sutra was written in two fascicles, each radically different in structure, content, theme, grammar, etc., from the other. The first fascicle discusses the forty Mahayana stages: the ten departures toward the destination, the ten nourishing states of mind, the ten adamantine states of mind, and the ten bodhisattva grounds. The second fascicle explains the ten grave precepts and the forty-eight minor precepts. These came to be referred to as the “bodhisattva precepts,� the “great Brahma’s Net precepts,� the “buddha precepts,� and so forth. The second fascicle has been especially esteemed, studied, and circulated separately for more than a millennium as the scriptural authority for the Mahayana bodhisattva precepts. [Adapted from the Translators' Introduction.]

The discourse of Buddhist studies has traditionally been structured around texts and nations (the transmission of Buddhism from India to China to Japan). And yet, it is doubtful that these categories reflect in any significant way the organizing themes familiar to most Buddhists. It could be argued that cultic practices associated with particular buddhas and bodhisattvas are more representative of the way Buddhists conceive of their relation to tradition. This volume aims to explore this aspect of Buddhism by focusing on one of its most important cults, that of the Buddha Amitabha. Approaching the Land of Bliss is a rich collection of studies of texts and ritual practices devoted to Amitabha, ranging from Tibet to Japan and from early medieval times to the present. The cult of Amitabha is identified as an integral part of Tibet's Mahayana Buddhist tradition in the opening essay by Matthew Kapstein. Next Daniel Getz, Jr., locates the Pure Land patriarch Shengchang more firmly in a Huayancontext and his Pure Conduct Society not so much in the propagation of Pure Land praxis but as a means of modifying anti-Buddhist sentiments. Jacqueline Stone's study of the practice of reciting nenbutsu at the time of death gives us an understanding of both the practice itself and the motivating logic behind it. Kakuban-the founder of the one major ""schism"" in the history of the Shingon tradition-is placed in a typology of Japanese Pure Land thought inJames Sanford's study of Kakuban's Amida hishaku. Hank Glassman contributes an essay on the ""subsidiary cult"" of Chujohime, whichderived from the cult of Amitabha but grew to such importance that it displaced the latter as the focus of worship in medieval Japan. In his examination of ""radical Amidism,"" Fabio Rambelli discusses different forms of Japanese Pure Land thought that constitute divergences from the mainstream or normative forms. Richard Jaffeexamines the work of the seventeenth-century cleric Ungo Kiyo, who sought to match his teaching to the needs and capacities of hisdisciples. Todd Lewis highlights the importance of cultic life and finds traces of the desire for rebirth into Sukhavati in stupa worship among Newari Buddhists. Charles Jones' ""thick description"" of a one-day recitation retreat in Taiwan provides us with a closer look at how the cult of Amitabha continues in present-day East Asia. Approaching the Land of Bliss moves beyond the limitations of defining Buddhism in terms of its textual corpus or nation states,opening up the cult of Amitabha in Nepal, Tibet, China, and Taiwan, and uncovering new aspects of Japanese Pure Land. Contributors: Daniel A. Getz, Jr.; Hank Glassman; Richard Jaffe; Charles B. Jones; Matthew T. Kapstein; Todd T. Lewis; Richard K. Payne; Fabio Rambelli; James H. Sanford; Jacqueline I. Stone.

In a time of great U.S. and global social unrest and unravelling, Systemic Collapse and Renewal presents a blueprint for how Americans can respond to that unrest by reclaiming and rebuilding our democracy. Part I of the book traces the deep, underlying sources of the disintegration and collapse. Through storytelling, case history, and ethnography, it examines how a small group of "elites" used ethnic diversity resulting from global migration to the U.S. as a distraction while they implemented a planned, behind-closed-doors strategy to seize the democracy and ruin the middle class. With the former representative democracy hijacked by these moneyed interests, this book demonstrates that it remains quintessentially American to believe that there is always a way out, and that the encroaching acts of fascism by "elites" can be pushed back and defeated. Tapping into this optimism, Part II of Systemic Collapse and Renewal sets forth a path for democratic rebirth. That path begins by examining that which was taken away: the shared meanings (cultural norms, beliefs, and behaviors) that are deeply American and can be re-taught, celebrated, and once again used by Americans to build social cohesion as a country. Part II also urges a new U.S. educational and social movement based on mutual reliance-and on the healing of wounds-for an increasingly diverse country. Democratic renewal begins with the simple step of sharing our stories and our dreams about how to make a better world.

In a time of great U.S. and global social unrest and unravelling, Systemic Collapse and Renewal presents a blueprint for how Americans can respond to that unrest by reclaiming and rebuilding our democracy. Part I of the book traces the deep, underlying sources of the disintegration and collapse. Through storytelling, case history, and ethnography, it examines how a small group of "elites" used ethnic diversity resulting from global migration to the U.S. as a distraction while they implemented a planned, behind-closed-doors strategy to seize the democracy and ruin the middle class. With the former representative democracy hijacked by these moneyed interests, this book demonstrates that it remains quintessentially American to believe that there is always a way out, and that the encroaching acts of fascism by "elites" can be pushed back and defeated. Tapping into this optimism, Part II of Systemic Collapse and Renewal sets forth a path for democratic rebirth. That path begins by examining that which was taken away: the shared meanings (cultural norms, beliefs, and behaviors) that are deeply American and can be re-taught, celebrated, and once again used by Americans to build social cohesion as a country. Part II also urges a new U.S. educational and social movement based on mutual reliance-and on the healing of wounds-for an increasingly diverse country. Democratic renewal begins with the simple step of sharing our stories and our dreams about how to make a better world.

This volume consists of papers presented at the Third International Conference on Residual Stresses held in Tokushima, Japan, 23-26 July 1991. Approximately 330 participants from 26 countries discussed residual stresses on various aspects and 249 papers were presented. This series of conferences deals with all angles of residual and internal stresses. The conference also commemorated the 40th anniversary of the Society of Materials Science, Japan. The range of materials at the conference covered eleven organized sessions. Residual stresses have been known for a long time, but it is still highly researched in the engineering field because new problems challenge us every year. Problems arise not only in traditional materials for machinery, but also in new materials such as advanced composites and biomaterials. No matter how or what kind of materials we process, residual stresses always exist in products. Their reliability depends on residual stresses, and because new materials are continuously being developed, residual stresses will continue to challenge us. The papers presented at the conference include all aspects of internal and residual stresses in composites ceramics, thin films