The text discusses the techniques of deep learning and machine learning in the field of neuroscience, engineering approaches to study the brain structure and dynamics, convolutional networks for fast, energy-efficient neuromorphic computing, and reinforcement learning in feedback control. It showcases case studies in neural data analysis. The book- •Focuses on neuron modeling, development, and direction of neural circuits to explain perception, behavior, and biologically inspired intelligent agents for decision making. •Showcases important aspects such as human behavior prediction using smart technologies and understanding the modeling of nervous systems. •Discusses nature-inspired algorithms such as swarm intelligence, ant colony optimization, and multi-agent systems. •Presents information-theoretic, control-theoretic, and decision-theoretic approaches in neuroscience. •Includes case studies in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and neural data analysis. This reference text addresses different applications of computational neurosciences using artificial intelligence, deep learning, and other machine learning techniques to fine-tune the models thereby solving the real-life problems prominently. It will further discuss important topics such as neural rehabilitation, brain-computer interfacing, neural control, neural system analysis, and neurobiologically inspired self-monitoring systems. It will serve as an ideal reference text for graduate students and academic researchers in the fields of electrical engineering, electronics and communication engineering, computer engineering, information technology, and biomedical engineering.