|
Showing 1 - 18 of
18 matches in All Departments
Most environmental analyses focus on changing existing processes to
use less energy and produce fewer emissions. This report uses
energy service analysis (ESA) to examine possibilities for instead
changing how a service is delivered. The ESA framework is used to
analyze how changes in the provision of two services--news delivery
and personal mobility--might reduce greenhouse-gas emissions and
suggests other areas in which ESA could be applied.
Federal spending on surface-transportation infrastructure outpaces
federal taxes on gasoline and diesel fuel. Increasing fuel
efficiency means that fuel-purchase expenditures have dropped, so
real revenue generated from these taxes has declined. A percentage
tax on crude oil and imported refined-petroleum products consumed
in the United States could fund U.S. transportation infrastructure.
Describing Pakistan's likely future course, this volume seeks to
inform U.S. efforts to achieve an effective foreign policy strategy
toward the country. Drawing on interviews of elites, polling data,
and statistical data on Pakistan's armed forces, the book presents
a political and political-military analysis. The authors exposit
likely developments in Pakistan's internal and external security
environment over the coming decade, assess Pakistan's national will
and capacity to solve its problems, and suggest policies for the
U.S. government to pursue in order to secure its interests.
This monograph examines prewar planning efforts for the
reconstruction of postwar Iraq. It then examines the role of U.S.
military forces after major combat officially ended on May 1, 2003,
through June 2004. Finally, it examines civilian efforts at
reconstruction, focusing on the activities of the Coalition
Provisional Authority and its efforts to rebuild structures of
governance, security forces, economic policy, and essential
services.
Iran is one of the United Statesa most important foreign policy
concerns. It
has also been an extraordinarily difficult country with which to
engage.
Ironically, while the leadership has been hostile to the United
States,
Iranian society has evolved in ways friendly to the United States
and U.S.
interests. This book assesses current political, ethnic,
demographic,
and economic trends and vulnerabilities in Iran. For example, the
numbers of
young people entering the Iranian labor force are at an all-time
high. The
authors then provide recommendations for U.S. policies that might
foster
trends beneficial to U.S. interests. For example, greater use of
markets and
a more-vibrant private sector would contribute to the development
of sources
of political power independent from the current regime. The authors
finally
note a need for patience. Even if favorable trends take root, it
will take
time for them to come to fruition.
Peace is the most essential product of nation-building. Without
peace, neither economic growth nor democratization is possible. The
authors of "Europe's Role in Nation-Building" investigate the use
of armed force as part of broader nation-building efforts led by
European powers and its success at achieving the objective of
transforming a society emerging from conflict into one at peace
with itself and its neighbours. They then evaluate Europe's
performance against the U.S. and United Nations records in past
nation-building operations.The authors focus on factors that can be
influenced by outside powers, making valuable recommendations that
address the pitfalls of and lessons learned from past operations.
They emphasize the need for multilateral operations and the
involvement of crucial actors like the European Union and NATO. The
success of nation-building activities depends on the wisdom with
which all resources are employed."The RAND Nation-Building" series
is just this kind of resource, having drawn from a total of 22
European, U.N. and U.S. led nation-building operations since World
War II. Other volumes in the series examine the involvement of the
United States and the UN in nation-building efforts. In this new
addition to the series, the authors take an in-depth look at six
European cases (Macedonia, Bosnia, Cote d'Ivoire, Albania, the
Democratic Republic of Congo, and Sierra Leone) and one
Australian-led operation (the Solomon Islands) to complete a
comprehensive history of best practices in nation-building. This
series serves as an indispensable reference for the planning of
successful future interventions.
In two earlier volumes, the authors defined nation building as the
use of armed force in the aftermath of a conflict to promote a
transition to democracy. By various actors, it is often called
stabilisation and reconstruction, peace building, or state
building, but at any name these missions have become more frequent,
and frequently more complex and ambitious. As American forces
entered Iraq, little effort was made to marshal abundant, recent,
and relevant experience in support of the new nation-building
mission in Iraq, with severe consequences.This guidebook is
designed to contribute to future nation building efforts. It is
organized around the components that make up any nation-building
mission: planning, military and police contingents, civil
administrators, humanitarian and relief efforts, governance,
economic stabilization, democratisation, and infrastructure
development. This guide should help practitioners avoid repeating
earlier mistakes, help political leaders evaluate the cost and
likelihood of success of any proposed operation, and help citizens
evaluate their government's consequent performance.
Looks at the Coalition Provisional Authority's efforts to rebuild
Iraq's security sector and provides lessons learned. From May 2003
to June 28, 2004 (when it handed over authority to the Iraqi
Interim Government), the Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA)
worked to field Iraqi security forces and to develop security
sector institutions. This book - all of whose authors were advisors
to the CPA-breaks out the various elements of Iraq's security
sector, including the defense, interior, and justice sectors, and
assesses the CPA's successes and failures.
This report analyzes the individual strengths and weaknesses of
China's defense industrial complex. It examines four specific
defense-industrial sectors - missiles, aircraft, shipbuilding, and
information technology. It argues that China's defense industry is
gradually emerging from two and a half decades of neglect,
inefficiency and corruption. As part of a larger RAND Project AIR
FORCE study on Chinese military modernization, this document
analyzes the individual strengths and weaknesses of four specific
defense-industrial sectors - missile, aircraft, shipbuilding, and
information technology - to explain variations in performance among
those sectors, with a focus on differences in institutional
arrangements, incentives, and exposure to market forces, and to
evaluate the prospects for China's defense industry and its ability
to contribute to military modernization.
Projects future growth in Chinese defense expenditures, evaluates
the current and likely future capabilities of China's defense
industries, and compares likely future defense expenditure levels
with recent expenditures by the United States and the U.S. Air
Force. Projects future growth in Chinese government expenditures as
a whole and on defense in particular, evaluates the current and
likely future capabilities of China's defense industries, and
compares likely future expenditure levels with recent defense
expenditures by the United States and the U.S. Air Force. The
authors forecast that Chinese military spending is likely to rise
from an estimated $69 billion in 2003 to $185 billion by
2025-approximately 61 percent of what the Department of Defense
spent in 2003.
Reviews UN nation-building efforts to transform unstable countries
into democratic, peaceful, and prosperous partners, and compares
those efforts to U.S.-led missions. Reviews UN efforts to transform
eight unstable countries into democratic, peaceful, and prosperous
partners, and compares those missions with U.S. nation-building
operations. The UN provides the most suitable institutional
framework for nation-building missions that require fewer than
20,000 men-one with a comparatively low cost structure, a
comparatively high success rate, and the greatest degree of
international legitimacy.
This title presents a nearly 50-year review of U.S. efforts to
transform defeated and broken enemies into democratic and
prosperous allies.
Exploring the controversies and problems surrounding post-communist
transitions, this innovative volume brings together a distinguished
group of political scientists, economists, historians, and
sociologists. Within a strong theoretical framework, the book moves
between general issues of transitology and specific analyses.
Hungary, a state that has weathered political and economic
transition more successfully than most, is used as the volume's
case study for illuminating both comparative and regional issues.
By bridging the divide between area studies and comparative
politics, this book will be a key resource for advanced students
and for scholars in East-European/post-communist studies,
comparative politics, and international relations.
This guidebook is designed to help U.S. Army personnel more
effectively use economic assistance to support economic and
infrastructure development. It should help tactical commanders
choose and implement more effective programs and projects in their
areas of responsibility and better understand the economic context
of their efforts. It also provides suggestions on what to and what
not to do, with examples from current and past operations.
This report assesses the "Washington Consensus" on liberalizing
markets in pursuit of sustained economic growth. In 1997, the
"Asian Economic Miracle," thirty years of rapid growth and low
inflation, ended abruptly with runs on Southeast Asian currencies
and a massive flight of capital, precipitating deep economic
recessions. Meanwhile, the countries of Southeast Europe had been
struggling to reconstruct market economies out of the shreds left
by socialist economies, their efforts complicated by civil strife
or war.
Both regions had been urged by international organizations to
adopt a package of policies, often called the Washington Consensus,
of opening domestic markets, freeing trade, and opening domestic
capital markets to free movements of international capital. Did the
crisis in Southeast Asia, and related crises in Russia and Latin
America, call into question that advice?
To address that question and study creation of sustained growth,
the September 17-18 1998 conference at the Woodrow Wilson
International Center for Scholars examined these two regions.
Panels reviewed the roles of international institutions, central
banks, and currency boards; fixing of exchange rates; opportunities
and problems of foreign investment; U.S. policy and the
international institutions; and financial globalization.
Participants included officials from international financial
institutions, national banks from the regions, and the United
States, as well as economists, historians, and researchers.
|
You may like...
Merry Christmas
Mariah Carey, Walter Afanasieff, …
CD
R122
R112
Discovery Miles 1 120
|