Genetic disorders are far more common than is widely appreciated. Abnormalities can range from a small mutation in a single gene to the addition or subtraction of an entire chromosome or set of chromosomes. Sound knowledge is required enabling individuals to be better informed about genetic risks and reproductive options and thus further aids in prevention of morbidity resulting from genetic diseases and alleviation of the sufferings this would pose. The aim here is to provide overall familiarity with Genetic Disorders, with focus on its types and brief description on the diagnosis, screening and treatment.

Temporomandibular joint of the jaw is a specialized joint which is found on either side of skull and work in unison. In short it is also reffered to as TMJ. The joint derives its name from two bones, temporal bone of cranium and mandible of the lower jaw. A kind of synovial joint having articular disc in between two bones which is fibrocartilagenous in nature. This book deals with basic introduction to joints and its anatomy, histology and development, various classification systems of TMJ, mechanism of how this joint works and various imaging techniques along with TMJ disorders and its management.

Our approach to the way we look at genes or analyze DNA completely revolutionized after Dr. Kary Mullis envisioned a means of copying DNA in a chain reaction in 1983. Subsequently, he won the Nobel Prize for inventing this powerful polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology which has now become a ubiquitous tool in every life science laboratory, be it for basic or applied research, for diagnostics.PCR is one of the most important techniques used to study DNA and RNA obtained from a variety of tissue sources and thus has become a "Cornerstone of Genome Sequencing Projects." Today the extent to which immune-pathologic and molecular pathologic techniques are employed varies greatly, but it is conceivable that in the next decade, many of today's most technically advanced methods of molecular analysis will become standard practice. The aim here is to provide an overall familiarity with PCR, details of some typical PCR experiments, and a focus on issue useful to the field of genomic analysis.