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This book describes the interlaced histories of life and oxygen. It
opens with the generation of oxygen in ancient stars and its
distribution to newly formed planets like the Earth. Free O2 was
not available on the early Earth, so the first life forms had to be
anaerobic. Life introduced free O2 into the environment through the
evolution of photosynthesis, which must have been a disaster for
many anaerobes. Others found ways to deal with the toxic reactive
oxygen species and even developed a much more efficient
oxygen-based metabolism. The authors vividly describe how the
introduction of O2 allowed the burst of evolution that created
today's biota. They also discuss the interplay of O2 and CO2, with
consequences such as worldwide glaciations and global warming. On
the physiological level, they present an overview of oxidative
metabolism and O2 transport, and the importance of O2 in human life
and medicine, emphasizing that while oxygen is essential, it is
also related to aging and many disease states.
Contemporary views on the structure and function of chromatin are
presented and the history of the development of these ideas as well
as the nature of the nucleic acid and protein components of
chromatin are reviewed. The structure of chromatin is studied at
several levels, and its modes of transcription and replication are
analyzed. Chromatin provides researchers with a critical evaluation
of current knowledge. It combines much information that has never
before been assembled, and evaluates and interrelates it in a
critical way. This has not been done before so that readers are not
only provided with an overview, but with extensive references to
the literature (there are about 2000 references in all).
This book describes the interlaced histories of life and oxygen. It
opens with the generation of oxygen in ancient stars and its
distribution to newly formed planets like the Earth. Free O2 was
not available on the early Earth, so the first life forms had to be
anaerobic. Life introduced free O2 into the environment through the
evolution of photosynthesis, which must have been a disaster for
many anaerobes. Others found ways to deal with the toxic reactive
oxygen species and even developed a much more efficient
oxygen-based metabolism. The authors vividly describe how the
introduction of O2 allowed the burst of evolution that created
today's biota. They also discuss the interplay of O2 and CO2, with
consequences such as worldwide glaciations and global warming. On
the physiological level, they present an overview of oxidative
metabolism and O2 transport, and the importance of O2 in human life
and medicine, emphasizing that while oxygen is essential, it is
also related to aging and many disease states.
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