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Periodontitis is a disease characterized by loss of connective
tissue attachment and bone around the teeth in conjunction with the
formation of periodontal pockets due to the apical migration of the
junctional epithelium. Early diagnosis and treatment of progressive
periodontitis is important because of the irreversible nature of
this disease. Clinical measurements used in diagnosis of
periodontal diseases are often of limited usefulness in that they
are indications of previous periodontal disease rather than the
present disease activity. Diagnostic biomarkers in oral fluids like
saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) are highly beneficial in
the determination of current periodontal status. These substances
known as biomarkers help in determination of inflammatory mediator
levels.
Periodontology has a rich background of research and efficient use
of this wealth of research data needs to be integrated in
periodontal practice. Evidence-based periodontology aims to
facilitate such an approach, accelerating the introduction of best
research into patient care. The evidence-based approach strives to
strengthen clinical experience through the systematic evaluation of
information, which allows the clinician to benefit from the amassed
data. One must be cautious about interpreting information primarily
derived from clinical experience and intuition or poorly designed
studies because it can be misleading and/or harmful.
Dental implant is defined as a prosthetic device or alloplastic
material implanted into oral tissues beneath the mucosal or
periosteal tissues, and on\or with in the bone to provide retention
and support for fixed or removal prosthesis. The goal of modern
dentistry is to restore the stomatognathic system to normal
function, comfort, esthetics, speech and health regardless of the
atrophy, disease or injury. As a result of continued research in
dental implant designs, materials and techniques, predictable
success is now a reality for the rehabilitation of many challenging
clinical situations.
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