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Design of Deep Braced Excavation in Urban Geotechnical Environments
presents the design and calculation of deep braced excavation in
urban geotechnical environments considering the soil
characteristics of spatial variability and anisotropy, as well as
excavation responses of urban adjacent utilities such as pipelines,
tunnels, foundation piles and buildings. With economic development
and further urbanization, excavation goes deeper, longer, and
larger in scale. These conditions require advanced analysis and
design methods. The text begins with coverage of overall stability,
earth pressure and strut force, retaining wall responses, and
ground movements. Numerical modeling and computer codes are
outlined in detail. The authors then take a close look at the
design of jet grouting for deformation control, instrumentation and
back analysis for excavation, and the characteristics of deep
braced excavation in complex geological environment. The final
chapters conclude with an examination of the determination of
excavation responses of urban adjacent utilities and failure
analysis based on several case histories. This book provides the
latest knowledge in both theory and practical application for
geotechnical design engineers working on deep excavation problems.
Recently the use of sub/supercritical CO2 has received much
attention as a green alternative to organic solvents for chemical
processes because of its pressure-tunable physicochemical
properties and economic advantages. But, the advantages are
diminished because of a narrow range of CO2-soluble materials. The
goal of this work is to identify and design oxygenated
hydrocarbon-based CO2-soluble polymers that are able to serve as
construction blocks for CO2 soluble materials. Without concerning
on the cost and the environmental persistence like fluorinated
materials, the inexpensive and environmentally benign materials
would significantly enhance the viability of CO2-based technology.
We proposed specific new polymer structures: poly (3-acetoxy
oxetane), poly (vinyl methoxymethyl ether), and cellulose
triacetate oligomers. Phase behavior studies were also performed
with CO2-philic compounds containing vinyl acetate, propylene
glycol, or tert- butyl groups. New non-fluorous CO2-soluble
materials were identified, which were acetate-rich with flexible
chains, weak self-interactions, and multidentate interaction
between CO2 and the functional groups.
Retinoic acid (RA) is a signalling molecule involved in many
important pathways in every cell. When RA binds to RA receptors and
activates them, cell cycle arrest, differentiation and apoptosis
can occur. In this book, the authors present topical research in
the study of the structure, mechanisms and roles in disease of
retinoic acid. Topics discussed include retinoid signalling in
mammalian inner ear development; nuclear receptors for retinoids
involved in the control of expression activity of p-glycoprotein;
retinoic acid signaling and immunotherapy of cancer; using retinoic
acid in molecular medicine and retinol/vitamin A signalling and
self-renewal of stem cells.
Plasmonic nanostructures provide new ways of manipulating the flow
of light with nanostructures and nanoparticles exhibiting optical
properties never before seen in the macro-world. Covering plasmonic
technology from fundamental theory to real world applications, this
work provides a comprehensive overview of the field. * Discusses
the fundamental theory of plasmonics, enabling a deeper
understanding of plasmonic technology * Details numerical methods
for modeling, design and optimization of plasmonic nanostructures *
Includes step-by-step design guidelines for active and passive
plasmonic devices, demonstrating the implementation of real devices
in the standard CMOS nanoscale electronic-photonic integrated
circuit to help cut design, fabrication and characterisation time
and cost * Includes real-world case studies of plasmonic devices
and sensors, explaining the benefits and downsides of different
nanophotonic integrated circuits and sensing platforms. Ideal for
researchers, engineers and graduate students in the fields of
nanophotonics and nanoelectronics as well as optical biosensing.
A valuable contribution to the taxonomy of ladybird beetles in this
region. True ladybirds, classified in the tribe Coccinellini, are
easily recognisable by their relatively large and shiny bodies and
contrasting colour patterns. They are one of the most widely
studied groups of beetles, being of economic importance and used as
model organisms in biological and ecological research. Ladybird
Beetles of the Australo-Pacific Region covers 22 genera and 95
valid species, including 12 new species, of ladybird beetles from
Australia, New Guinea and the Pacific area. For each species,
descriptions, illustrations and keys will assist with the correct
identification of ladybirds from this large but practically unknown
fauna. This book is a valuable contribution to the taxonomy of
ladybird beetles and to the knowledge of the biodiversity of this
unique biogeographic region. It will be of use to entomologists,
biologists, ecologists, quarantine officers, natural history museum
curators and students.
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