This book offers in-depth insights into the rapidly growing topic of technologies and approaches to modeling fuzzy spatiotemporal data with XML. The topics covered include representation of fuzzy spatiotemporal XML data, topological relationship determination for fuzzy spatiotemporal XML data, mapping between the fuzzy spatiotemporal relational database model and fuzzy spatiotemporal XML data model, and consistencies in fuzzy spatiotemporal XML data updating. Offering a comprehensive guide to the latest research on fuzzy spatiotemporal XML data management, the book is intended to provide state-of-the-art information for researchers, practitioners, and graduate students of Web intelligence, as well as data and knowledge engineering professionals confronted with non-traditional applications that make the use of conventional approaches difficult or impossible.

This book elaborates on the physical principles of polarization remote sensing. It explains the reflective characteristics of surface objects and atmosphere separately, including theory, experiment, instrument and application. In addition, it introduces how polarization remote sensing works in advanced research programs as it can be used in aviation, astronomy, disaster risk prevention and navigation fields. This book serves as a fundamental and comprehensive reference for researchers and students.

Research and development surrounding the use of data queries is receiving increased attention from computer scientists and data specialists alike. Through the use of query technology, large volumes of data in databases can be retrieved, and information systems built based on databases can support problem solving and decision making across industries. The Handbook of Research on Innovative Database Query Processing Techniques focuses on the growing topic of database query processing methods, technologies, and applications. Aimed at providing an all-inclusive reference source of technologies and practices in advanced database query systems, this book investigates various techniques, including database and XML queries, spatiotemporal data queries, big data queries, metadata queries, and applications of database query systems. This comprehensive handbook is a necessary resource for students, IT professionals, data analysts, and academicians interested in uncovering the latest methods for using queries as a means to extract information from databases. This all-inclusive handbook includes the latest research on topics pertaining to information retrieval, data extraction, data management, design and development of database queries, and database and XM queries.

Advances in web technology and the proliferation of sensors and mobile devices connected to the internet have resulted in the generation of immense data sets available on the web that need to be represented, saved, and exchanged. Massive data can be managed effectively and efficiently to support various problem-solving and decision-making techniques. Emerging Technologies and Applications in Data Modeling and Processing is a critical scholarly publication that examines the importance of data management strategies that coincide with advancements in web technologies. Highlighting topics such as geospatial coverages, data analysis, and keyword query, this book is ideal for professionals, researchers, academicians, data analysts, web developers, and web engineers.

Databases are designed to support data storage, processing, and retrieval activities related to data management. The use of databases in various applications has resulted in an enormous wealth of data, which populates many types of databases around the world. Advanced Database Query Systems: Techniques, Applications and Technologies focuses on technologies and methodologies of database queries, XML and metadata queries, and applications of database query systems, aiming at providing a single account of technologies and practices in advanced database query systems. This book provides the state of the art information for academics, researchers and industry practitioners who are interested in the study, use, design and development of advanced and emerging database queries with ultimate aim of building competencies for exploiting the opportunities of the data and knowledge society.

This book introduces readers to environmental background investigation, pollution source intensity evaluation and risk assessment approaches used at three main types of groundwater-contaminated sites: municipal domestic waste landfills, hazardous waste landfills and oil-contaminated sites. In addition, typical contaminated sites throughout China are examined to demonstrate how these approaches can be applied for their investigation, assessment and restoration. By reading this book, readers will gain a deeper understanding of the restoration and management of typical groundwater-contaminated sites.

This book presents an exhaustive and timely review of key research work on fuzzy XML data management, and provides readers with a comprehensive resource on the state-of-the art tools and theories in this fast growing area. Topics covered in the book include: representation of fuzzy XML, query of fuzzy XML, fuzzy database models, extraction of fuzzy XML from fuzzy database models, reengineering of fuzzy XML into fuzzy database models, and reasoning of fuzzy XML. The book is intended as a reference guide for researchers, practitioners and graduate students working and/or studying in the field of Web Intelligence, as well as for data and knowledge engineering professionals seeking new approaches to replace traditional methods, which may be unnecessarily complex or even unproductive.

This book goes to great depth concerning the fast growing topic of technologies and approaches of fuzzy logic in the Semantic Web. The topics of this book include fuzzy description logics and fuzzy ontologies, queries of fuzzy description logics and fuzzy ontology knowledge bases, extraction of fuzzy description logics and ontologies from fuzzy data models, storage of fuzzy ontology knowledge bases in fuzzy databases, fuzzy Semantic Web ontology mapping, and fuzzy rules and their interchange in the Semantic Web. The book aims to provide a single record of current research in the fuzzy knowledge representation and reasoning for the Semantic Web. The objective of the book is to provide the state of the art information to researchers, practitioners and graduate students of the Web intelligence and at the same time serve the knowledge and data engineering professional faced with non-traditional applications that make the application of conventional approaches difficult or impossible.

The IFIP series publishes state-of-the-art results in the sciences and technologies of information and communication Proceedings and post-proceedings of referred international conferences in computer science and interdisciplinary fields are featured. These results often precede journal publication and represent the most current research. The principal aim of the IFIP series is to encourage education and the dissemination and exchange of information about all aspects of computing.

The IFIP series publishes state-of-the-art results in the sciences and technologies of information and communication Proceedings and post-proceedings of referred international conferences in computer science and interdisciplinary fields are featured. These results often precede journal publication and represent the most current research. The principal aim of the IFIP series is to encourage education and the dissemination and exchange of information about all aspects of computing.

As consumer costs for multimedia devices such as digital cameras and Web phones have decreased and diversity in the market has skyrocketed, the amount of digital information has grown considerably. Intelligent Multimedia Databases and Information Retrieval: Advancing Applications and Technologies details the latest information retrieval technologies and applications, the research surrounding the field, and the methodologies and design related to multimedia databases. Together with academic researchers and developers from both information retrieval and artificial intelligence fields, this book details issues and semantics of data retrieval with contributions from around the globe. As the information and data from multimedia databases continues to expand, the research and documentation surrounding it should keep pace as best as possible, and this book provides an excellent resource for the latest developments.

This book covers a fast-growing topic in great depth and focuses on the technologies and applications of probabilistic data management. It aims to provide a single account of current studies in probabilistic data management. The objective of the book is to provide the state of the art information to researchers, practitioners, and graduate students of information technology of intelligent information processing, and at the same time serving the information technology professional faced with non-traditional applications that make the application of conventional approaches difficult or impossible.

Being the de-facto standard for data representation and exchange over the Web, XML (Extensible Markup Language) allows the easy development of applications that exchange data over the Web. This creates a set of data management requirements involving XML. XML and related standards have been extensively applied in many business, service, and multimedia applications. As a result, a large volume of data is managed today directly in XML format. With the wide and in-depth utilization of XML in diverse application domains, some particularities of data management in concrete applications emerge, which challenge current XML technology. This is very similar with the situation that some database models and special database systems have been developed so that databases can satisfy the need of managing diverse data well. In data- and knowledge- intensive application systems, one of the challenges can be generalized as the need to handle imprecise and uncertain information in XML data management by applying fuzzy logic, probability, and more generally soft computing. Currently, two kinds of situations are roughly identified in soft computing for XML data management: applying soft computing for the intelligent processing of classical XML data; applying soft computing for the representation and processing of imprecise and uncertain XML data. For the former, soft computing can be used for flexible query of XML document as well as XML data mining, XML duplicate detection, and so on.

Find out how biotechnology can produce more nutritious fruits and vegetables, more colorful flowers, and grass that needs less waterand mowing! Plant Biotechnology in Ornamental Horticulture presents an in-depth overview of the key scientific and technical advances, issues, and challenges in one of the fastest growing segments of the agriculture industry. This comprehensive book covers 19 different topics related to the use of transgenic plant technology to improve ornamental plants, ranging from metabolic engineering of flower color and scent to improving cold, drought, and disease tolerance in horticultural and ornamental crops to the economics of horticultural biotechnology. Horticulture provides color and flavor to the foods we eat and variety to the products we use, and helps us sustain a healthy environment. Plant Biotechnology in Ornamental Horticulture examines the importance of biotechnology in cultivating garden crops-including fruits, vegetables, flowers, and ornamentals such as plants used for landscaping-by reducing pesticide use, reducing soil erosion, and developing plants with improved nutrition. Leading educators and horticultural professionals address important current and future topics, including micropropagation and regeneration, the use of molecular techniques for genetic improvement, molecular-assisted breeding, abiotic stress, the development of disease resistance, protection from insects, herbicide tolerance, controlled flowering, modifying color and fragrance, plant architecture, and senescence. Plant Biotechnology in Ornamental Horticulture examines: * ornamental plant transformation * molecular phylogeny * drought response and drought tolerance engineering * transgenic approaches to viral, bacterial, and fungal disease resistance * vegetable propagation by cuttings * the promotion of flowering * molecular aspects of leaf morphogenesis * transgenic manipulation * controlling invasive plants * plant hormones, including ethylene, gibberellins (GAs), auxin, cytokinin, and abscisic acid (ABA) * and much morePlant Biotechnology in Ornamental Horticulture is essential reading for plant breeders, physiologists, agronomists, molecular biologists, cropping system specialists, as well as for educators and students involved in horticulture.

Find out how biotechnology can produce more nutritious fruits and vegetables, more colorful flowers, and grass that needs less waterand mowing! Plant Biotechnology in Ornamental Horticulture presents an in-depth overview of the key scientific and technical advances, issues, and challenges in one of the fastest growing segments of the agriculture industry. This comprehensive book covers 19 different topics related to the use of transgenic plant technology to improve ornamental plants, ranging from metabolic engineering of flower color and scent to improving cold, drought, and disease tolerance in horticultural and ornamental crops to the economics of horticultural biotechnology. Horticulture provides color and flavor to the foods we eat and variety to the products we use, and helps us sustain a healthy environment. Plant Biotechnology in Ornamental Horticulture examines the importance of biotechnology in cultivating garden crops-including fruits, vegetables, flowers, and ornamentals such as plants used for landscaping-by reducing pesticide use, reducing soil erosion, and developing plants with improved nutrition. Leading educators and horticultural professionals address important current and future topics, including micropropagation and regeneration, the use of molecular techniques for genetic improvement, molecular-assisted breeding, abiotic stress, the development of disease resistance, protection from insects, herbicide tolerance, controlled flowering, modifying color and fragrance, plant architecture, and senescence. Plant Biotechnology in Ornamental Horticulture examines: * ornamental plant transformation * molecular phylogeny * drought response and drought tolerance engineering * transgenic approaches to viral, bacterial, and fungal disease resistance * vegetable propagation by cuttings * the promotion of flowering * molecular aspects of leaf morphogenesis * transgenic manipulation * controlling invasive plants * plant hormones, including ethylene, gibberellins (GAs), auxin, cytokinin, and abscisic acid (ABA) * and much morePlant Biotechnology in Ornamental Horticulture is essential reading for plant breeders, physiologists, agronomists, molecular biologists, cropping system specialists, as well as for educators and students involved in horticulture.

This book elaborates on the physical principles of polarization remote sensing. It explains the reflective characteristics of surface objects and atmosphere separately, including theory, experiment, instrument and application. In addition, it introduces how polarization remote sensing works in advanced research programs as it can be used in aviation, astronomy, disaster risk prevention and navigation fields. This book serves as a fundamental and comprehensive reference for researchers and students.

This book offers in-depth insights into the rapidly growing topic of technologies and approaches to modeling fuzzy spatiotemporal data with XML. The topics covered include representation of fuzzy spatiotemporal XML data, topological relationship determination for fuzzy spatiotemporal XML data, mapping between the fuzzy spatiotemporal relational database model and fuzzy spatiotemporal XML data model, and consistencies in fuzzy spatiotemporal XML data updating. Offering a comprehensive guide to the latest research on fuzzy spatiotemporal XML data management, the book is intended to provide state-of-the-art information for researchers, practitioners, and graduate students of Web intelligence, as well as data and knowledge engineering professionals confronted with non-traditional applications that make the use of conventional approaches difficult or impossible.

This book presents an exhaustive and timely review of key research work on fuzzy XML data management, and provides readers with a comprehensive resource on the state-of-the art tools and theories in this fast growing area.  Topics covered in the book include: representation of fuzzy XML, query of fuzzy XML, fuzzy database models, extraction of fuzzy XML from fuzzy database models, reengineering of fuzzy XML into fuzzy database models, and reasoning of fuzzy XML. The book is intended as a reference guide for researchers, practitioners and graduate students working and/or studying in the field of Web Intelligence, as well as for data and knowledge engineering professionals seeking new approaches to replace traditional methods, which may be unnecessarily complex or even unproductive.

This book goes to great depth concerning the fast growing topic of technologies and approaches of fuzzy logic in the Semantic Web. The topics of this book include fuzzy description logics and fuzzy ontologies, queries of fuzzy description logics and fuzzy ontology knowledge bases, extraction of fuzzy description logics and ontologies from fuzzy data models, storage of fuzzy ontology knowledge bases in fuzzy databases, fuzzy Semantic Web ontology mapping, and fuzzy rules and their interchange in the Semantic Web. The book aims to provide a single record of current research in the fuzzy knowledge representation and reasoning for the Semantic Web. The objective of the book is to provide the state of the art information to researchers, practitioners and graduate students of the Web intelligence and at the same time serve the knowledge and data engineering professional faced with non-traditional applications that make the application of conventional approaches difficult or impossible.

This book covers a fast-growing topic in great depth and focuses on the technologies and applications of probabilistic data management. It aims to provide a single account of current studies in probabilistic data management. The objective of the book is to provide the state of the art information to researchers, practitioners, and graduate students of information technology of intelligent information processing, and at the same time serving the information technology professional faced with non-traditional applications that make the application of conventional approaches difficult or impossible.

The LNCS journal Transactions on Rough Sets is devoted to the entire spectrum of rough sets related issues, from logical and mathematical foundations, through all aspects of rough set theory and its applications, such as data mining, knowledge discovery, and intelligent information processing, to relations between rough sets and other approaches to uncertainty, vagueness, and incompleteness, such as fuzzy sets and theory of evidence. Volume XVIII includes extensions of papers from the Joint Rough Set Symposium (JRS 2012), which was held in Chengdu, China, in August 2012. The seven papers that constitute this volume deal with topics such as: rough fuzzy sets, intuitionistic fuzzy sets, multi-granulation rough sets, decision-theoretic rough sets, three-way decisions and their applications in attribute reduction, feature selection, overlapping clustering, data mining, cost-sensitive learning, face recognition, and spam filtering.

The International Workshop on "Intersubband Transitions in Quantum Wells:: Physics and Applications," was held at National Cheng Kung University, in Tainan, Taiwan, December 15-18, 1997. The objective of the Workshop is to facilitate the presentation and discussion of the recent results in theoretical, experimental, and applied aspects of intersubband transitions in quantum wells and dots. The program followed the tradition initiated at the 1991 conference in Cargese-France, the 1993 conference in Whistler, B. C. Canada, and the 1995 conference in Kibbutz Ginosar, Israel. Intersubband transitions in quantum wells and quantum dots have attracted considerable attention in recent years, mainly due to the promise of various applications in the mid- and far-infrared regions (2-30 J. lm). Over 40 invited and contributed papers were presented in this four-day workshop, with topics covered most aspects of the intersubband transition phenomena including: the basic intersubband transition processes, multiquantum well infrared photodetector (QWIP) physics, large format (640x480) GaAs QWIP (with 9. 0 J. lffi cutoff) focal plane arrays (FPAs) for IR imaging camera applications, infrared modulation, intersubband emission including mid- and long- wavelength quantum cascade (QC) lasers such as short (A. "" 3. 4 J. lm) and long (A. "" 11. 5 J. lm) wavelength room temperature QC lasers, quantum fountain intersubband laser at 15. 5 J. lm wavelength in GaAs/AIGaAs quantum well, harmonic generation and nonlinear effects, ultra-fast phenomena such as terahertz (THz) intersubband emission and detection. The book divides into five Chapters.

Being the de-facto standard for data representation and exchange over the Web, XML (Extensible Markup Language) allows the easy development of applications that exchange data over the Web. This creates a set of data management requirements involving XML. XML and related standards have been extensively applied in many business, service, and multimedia applications. As a result, a large volume of data is managed today directly in XML format. With the wide and in-depth utilization of XML in diverse application domains, some particularities of data management in concrete applications emerge, which challenge current XML technology. This is very similar with the situation that some database models and special database systems have been developed so that databases can satisfy the need of managing diverse data well. In data- and knowledge- intensive application systems, one of the challenges can be generalized as the need to handle imprecise and uncertain information in XML data management by applying fuzzy logic, probability, and more generally soft computing. Currently, two kinds of situations are roughly identified in soft computing for XML data management: applying soft computing for the intelligent processing of classical XML data; applying soft computing for the representation and processing of imprecise and uncertain XML data. For the former, soft computing can be used for flexible query of XML document as well as XML data mining, XML duplicate detection, and so on.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Autonomic and Trusted Computing, ATC 2011, held in Banff, Canada, September 2011.
The 17 revised full papers presented together with 1 keynote speech were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. The papers address all current issues in autonomic architectures, models and systems, autonomic communications, trusted and secure computing, reliable, secure and trust applications.

The IFIP series publishes state-of-the-art results in the sciences and technologies of information and communication Proceedings and post-proceedings of referred international conferences in computer science and interdisciplinary fields are featured. These results often precede journal publication and represent the most current research. The principal aim of the IFIP series is to encourage education and the dissemination and exchange of information about all aspects of computing.