"Metabolic Flux Analysis: Methods and Protocols "opens up the field of metabolic flux analysis to those who want to start a new flux analysis project but are overwhelmed by the complexity of the approach. Metabolic flux analysis emerged from the current limitation for the prediction of metabolic fluxes from a measured inventory of the cell. Divided into convenient thematic parts, topics in this essential volume include the fundamental characteristics of the underlying networks, the application of quantitative metabolite data and thermodynamic principles to constrain the solution space for flux balance analysis (FBA), the experimental toolbox to conduct different types of flux analysis experiments, the processing of data from 13C experiments and three chapters that summarize some recent key findings. Written in the successful "Methods in Molecular Biology" series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.

Authoritative and easily accessible, "Metabolic Flux Analysis"" Methods and Protocols" presents protocols that cover a range of relevant organisms currently used in the field, providing a solid basis to anybody interested in the field of metabolic flux analysis.

Metabolic Flux Analysis: Methods and Protocols opens up the field of metabolic flux analysis to those who want to start a new flux analysis project but are overwhelmed by the complexity of the approach. Metabolic flux analysis emerged from the current limitation for the prediction of metabolic fluxes from a measured inventory of the cell. Divided into convenient thematic parts, topics in this essential volume include the fundamental characteristics of the underlying networks, the application of quantitative metabolite data and thermodynamic principles to constrain the solution space for flux balance analysis (FBA), the experimental toolbox to conduct different types of flux analysis experiments, the processing of data from 13C experiments and three chapters that summarize some recent key findings. Written in the successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and easily accessible, Metabolic Flux Analysis: Methods and Protocols presents protocols that cover a range of relevant organisms currently used in the field, providing a solid basis to anybody interested in the field of metabolic flux analysis.

This vol\.Dl\e of Advances in Experinental dicine and Biology is based on an Arrerican Chemical Society SympositUII entitled: "Surface Chemistry of Biological Systems," which took place in New York on September 11-12, 1969. Thanks to the special photo offset process used by the publishers, the papers are appearing very soon after their presentation, and at a lower cost than usual. These advantages are appreciated by the scientific community. As the title of the vol\.Dl\e indicates we have attempted to bring the scientific approach and techniques of surface chemistry to the complex problems of biological systems. Two previous sym posia in this field have been published, one in the Journal of Colloid and Interface Science (24:1-127, 1967) and the other in the Journal of General Physiology (52:187S-252S, 1968). The previous publication outlets, a chemical and a biological journal, help to emphasize the interdisciplinary nature of the material and also the appropriateness of the choice of Advances in Experinental Medicine and Biology for the C1.lr'rent symposium."

As Americans experiment with dismantling the nation's welfare system, cliches and slogans proliferate, ranging from charges that the poor are simply lazy to claims that existing antipoverty programs have failed completely. In this impeccably researched book, Rebecca Blank provides the definitive antidote to the scapegoating, guesswork, and outright misinformation of today's welfare debates. Demonstrating that government aid has been far more effective than most people think, she also explains that even private support for the poor depends extensively on public funds. It takes a nation to fight a problem as pervasive and subtle as modern poverty, and this book argues that we should continue to implement a mix of private and public programs. Federal, state, and local assistance should go hand in hand with private efforts at community development and personal empowerment and change.

The first part of the book investigates the changing nature of poverty in America. Poverty is harder to combat now than in the past, both because of the changing demographics of who is poor as well as the major deterioration in earnings among less-skilled workers. The second part of the book delves into policies designed to reduce poverty, presenting evidence that many though not all programs have done exactly what they set out to do. The final chapters provide an excellent review of recent policy changes and make workable suggestions for how to improve public assistance programs to assure a safety net, while still encouraging poor adults to find employment and support their families."

Rebecca M. Blank offers the first comprehensive analysis of an economic trend that has been reshaping the United States over the past three decades: rapidly rising income inequality. In clear language, she provides an overview of how and why the level and distribution of income and wealth has changed since 1979, sets this situation within its historical context, and investigates the forces that are driving it. Among other factors, Blank looks closely at changes within families, including women's increasing participation in the work force. The book includes some surprising findings - for example, that per-person income has risen sharply among almost all social groups, even as income has become more unequally distributed. Looking toward the future, Blank suggests that while rising inequality will likely be with us for many decades to come, it is not an inevitable outcome. Her book considers what can be done to address this trend, and also explores the question: why should we be concerned about this phenomenon?

This teacher guide, a companion piece to the student version, includes notes, supplementary background information, vocabulary terms and other teaching aides. There are also discussion questions, teaching suggestions and handouts for student activities.

The third installment in this three-volume set focuses on primary sources from the 20th century. The book will help elementary students to develop their literacy skills as they learn about these important documents that helped to shape America. Documents for Democracy is illustrated throughout with full-color, original drawings as well as actual photographs from some of the events. This volume features excerpts from Theodore Roosevelt's Speech at the Minnesota State Fair, Carrie Chapman Catt's Address to Congress, Malcolm X's OAAU Founding Rally Address, and President Reagan's Challenger Disaster Address.

In the Ghettos of Philadelphia a place of violence and drugs lived Fran and her mother. Fran was raised to be strong and not to let the streets bring her down. Her mother taught her to be better than her environment. Determined to get her mother and her now two children out of the ghetto, she gave up one to live the life of her dreams. Or so she thought. Whitney grew up having a privileged life not understanding her mothers drive. Fran tried to provide a happy and stable life for Whitney but she never forgave herself for giving up Myah. Whitney now a teenager discovers her privileged life is more of a dream than a reality. Whitney discovers that she is a minority and is not well accepted in her new school full of children from wealthy backgrounds with old money. She is especially hated and taunted by a girl in her class named Kate Lyn. A popular girl who constantly reminds her that her kind is not welcomed there. Vanessa a senior takes Whitney under her wing and teaches her the ropes of dealing with Kate Lyn and others like her. After the death of Fran's mother things began to unravel and Whitney uncovers the truth of her mothers lies.

Since the late 1970s, the high-rise developments of the Chicago Housing Authority (CHA) have been dominated by gang violence and drugs, creating a sense of hopelessness among residents. Despite a lengthy war on crime, costing hundreds of millions of dollars, the CHA has been unable to reduce the violence that makes life intolerable. Focusing on three developments--Rockwell Gardens, Henry Horner Homes, and Harold Ickes Homes--Sue Popkin and her co-authors interview residents, community leaders, and CHA staff. The Hidden War chronicles the many failed efforts of the CHA to combat crime and improve its developments, offering a vivid portrait of what life is like when lived among bullets, graffiti, and broken plumbing. Most families living in these developments are headed by African American single mothers. The authors reveal the dilemmas facing women and children who are often victims or witnesses of violent crime, and yet are dependent on the perpetrators and their drug-dominant economy. The CHA--plagued by financial scandals, managerial incompetence, and inconsistent funding--is no match for thegang-dominated social order. Even well-intentioned initiatives such as the recent effort to demolish and "revitalize" the worst developments seem to be ineffective at combating crime, while the drastic changes leave many vulnerable families facing an uncertain future. The Hidden War sends a humbling message to policy makers and prognosticators who claim to know the right way to "solve poverty."

In the great tradition of moral argument about the nature of the economic market, Rebecca Blank and William McGurn join to debate the fundamental questionsequality and efficiency, productivity and social justice, individual achievement and personal rights in the workplace, and the costs and benefits of corporate and entrepreneurial capitalism. Their arguments are grounded in both economic sophistication and religious commitment. Rebecca Blank is an economist by training and describes herself as culturally Protestant in the habits of mind and heart. She has also chaired the committee that wrote the statement on Christian faith and economic life adopted by the United Church of Christ. Addressing market failure, for her, requires that sometimes " freedom to choose" give way to other human values. William McGurn, a journalist and a Roman Catholic, uses his expertise in economics to reflect on the teachings of the church concerning the morality of the market. For McGurn, humans reach their fullest potential when they are free from the constraints of others. He writes that " our quarrel is not so much with Adam Smith or Milton Friedman but with the Providence that so clearly designed man to be his most prosperous at his most free." This book grapples with the new imperatives of a global economy while working in the classic tradition of political economy which always treated seriously the questions of morality, justice, productivity, and freedom.

Congress must reauthorize the sweeping 1996 welfare reform legislation by October 1, 2002. A number of issues that were prominent in the 1995-96 battle over welfare reform are likely to resurface in the debate over reauthorization. Among those issues are the five-year time limit, provisions to reduce out-of-wedlock births, the adequacy of child care funding, problems with Medicaid and food stamp receipt by working families, and work requirements. Funding levels are also certain to be controversial. Fiscal conservatives will try to lower grant spending levels, while states will seek to maintain them and gain additional discretion in the use of funds. Finally, a movement to encourage states to promote marriage among low-income families is already taking shape. The need for reauthorization presents an opportunity to assess what welfare reform has accomplished and what remains to be done. The New World of Welfare is an attempt to frame the policy debate for reauthorization, and to inform the policy discussion among the states and at the federal level, especially by drawing lessons from research on the effects of welfare reform. In the book, a diverse set of welfare experts --liberal and conservative, academic and nonacademic --engage in rigorous debate on topics ranging from work experience programs, to job availability, to child well-being, to family formation. In order to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of research on welfare reform, the contributors cover subjects including work and wages, effects of reform on family income and poverty, the politics of conservative welfare reform, sanctions and time limits, financial work incentives for low-wage earners, the use of medicaid and food stamps, welfare-to-work, child support, child care, and welfare reform and immigration. Preparation of the volume was supported by funds from the Annie E. Casey Foundation and the Charles Stewart Mott Foundation. Contributors include Thomas L. Gais, Richard P. Nathan, and Irene Lurie (Rockefeller Inistitute, SUNY-Albany), Thomas Kaplan (University of Wisconsin), Lucie Schmidt (University of Michigan), Charles Murray (American Enterprise Institute), Hugh Heclo (George Mason University), Lawrence M. Mead (NYU), ), Julie Strawn, Mark Greenberg, and Steve Savner (Center for Law and Social Policy), Ladonna Pavetti (Mathematica Policy Research), Dan Bloom (Manpower Demonstration Research Corp.), Charles Michalopoulos and Gordon Berlin (Manpower Demonstraton Research Corporation), Jason A. Turner (Commissioner of Welfare, State of New York), Thomas Main (Baruch College of the City University of New York), Sheila Zedlewski and Pamela Loprest (Urban Institute), Robert Greenstein and Jocelyn Guyer (Center on Budget and Policy Priorities), George Borjas (Harvard University), Greg Duncan and Lindsay Chase-Landsdale (Northwestern University), Wade F. Horn (National Fatherhood Initiative), Isabel V. Sawhill (Brookings Institution, Irwin Garfinkel (Columbia University), Douglas Besharov and Nazanin Samari (American Enterprise Institute), Lynn A. Karoly, Jacob A. Klerman, and Jeannette A. Rogowski (RAND Corp.).