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These two volumes contain the proceedings of the Workshop on
Transition, Turbulence and Combustion, sponsored by the Insti tute
for Computer Applications in Science and Engineering (ICASE) and
the NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC), during June 7 to July 2,
1993. Volume I contains the contributions from the transi tion
research, and Volume II contains the contributions from both the
turbulence and combustion research. This is the third workshop in
the series on the subject. The first was held in 1989, the second
in 1991, and their proceedings were published by Springer-Verlag
under the titles "Instability and Transition" (edited by M. Y. H
ussaini and R. G. Voigt) and "Instability, Transition and
Turbulence" (edited by M. Y. Hussaini, A. Kumar and C. L. Streett)
respectively. The objectives of these workshops are to expose the
academic community to current technologically important issues of
transition, turbulence and combustion, and to acquaint the academic
COllllllU nity with the unique combination of theoretical,
computational and experimental capabilities at LaRC. It is hoped
these will foster con tinued interactions, and accelerate progress
in elucidating the funda mental phenomena of transition, turbulence
and combustion. The research areas of interest in transition
covered the full range of the subject: linear and nonlinear
stability, direct and large-eddy simulation and phenomenological
modeling of the transition zone."
These two volumes contain the proceedings of the Workshop on
Transition, Turbulence and Combustion, sponsored by the Insti tute
for Computer Applications in Science and Engineering (ICASE) and
the NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC), during June 7 to July 2,
1993. Volume I contains the contributions from the transi tion
research, and Volume II contains the contributions from both the
turbulence and combustion research. This is the third workshop in
the series on the subject. The first was held in 1989, the second
in 1991, and their proceedings were published by Springer-Verlag
under the titles "Instability and Transition" (edited by M. Y.
Hussaini and R. G. Voigt) and "Instability, Transition and
Turbulence" (edited by M. Y. Hussaini, A. Kumar and C. L. Streett)
respectively. The objectives of these workshops are to expose the
academic community to current technologically important issues of
transition, turbulence and combustion, and to acquaint the academic
commu nity with the unique combination of theoretical,
computational and experimental capabilities at LaRC. It is hoped
these will foster con tinued interactions, and accelerate progress
in elucidating the funda mental phenomena of transition, turbulence
and combustion. The research areas of interest in transition
covered the full range of the subject: linear and nonlinear
stability, direct and large-eddy simulation and phenomenological
modeling of the transition zone."
Computational aeroacoustics is rapidly emerging as an essential
element in the study of aerodynamic sound. As with all emerging
technologies, it is paramount that we assess the various opportuni
ties and establish achievable goals for this new technology.
Essential to this process is the identification and prioritization
of fundamental aeroacoustics problems which are amenable to direct
numerical siIn ulation. Questions, ranging from the role numerical
methods play in the classical theoretical approaches to
aeroacoustics, to the correct specification of well-posed numerical
problems, need to be answered. These issues provided the impetus
for the Workshop on Computa tional Aeroacoustics sponsored by ICASE
and the Acoustics Division of NASA LaRC on April 6-9, 1992. The
participants of the Work shop were leading aeroacousticians,
computational fluid dynamicists and applied mathematicians. The
Workshop started with the open ing remarks by M. Y. Hussaini and
the welcome address by Kristin Hessenius who introduced the keynote
speaker, Sir James Lighthill. The keynote address set the stage for
the Workshop. It was both an authoritative and up-to-date
discussion of the state-of-the-art in aeroacoustics. The
presentations at the Workshop were divided into five sessions - i)
Classical Theoretical Approaches (William Zorumski, Chairman), ii)
Mathematical Aspects of Acoustics (Rodolfo Rosales, Chairman), iii)
Validation Methodology (Allan Pierce, Chairman), iv) Direct
Numerical Simulation (Michael Myers, Chairman), and v) Unsteady
Compressible Flow Computa tional Methods (Douglas Dwoyer,
Chairman)."
This volume contains the proceedings of the Workshop on In
stability, Transition and Turbulence, sponsored by the Institute
for Computer Applications in Science and Engineering (ICASE) and
the NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC), during July 8 to August 2,
1991. This is the second workshop in the series on the subject. The
first was held in 1989, and its proceedings were published by
Springer-Verlag under the title "Instability and Transition" edited
by M. Y. Hussaini and R. G. Voigt. The objectives of these work
shops are to i) expose the academic community to current
technologically im portant issues of transition and turbulence in
shear flows over the entire speed range, ii) acquaint the academic
community with the unique combination of theoretical, computational
and experimental capabilities at LaRC and foster interaction with
these capabilities, and iii) accelerate progress in elucidating the
fundamental phenomena of transition and turbulence, leading to
improved transition and turbulence modeling in design
methodologies. The research areas covered in these proceedings
include receptiv ity and roughness, nonlinear theories of
transition, numerical simu lation of spatially evolving flows,
modelling of transitional and fully turbulent flows as well as some
experiments on instability and tran sition. In addition a one-day
mini-symposium was held to discuss 1 recent and planned experiments
on turbulent flow over a backward facing step."
This volume contains the proceedings of the ICASE/LaRC Work- shop
on the "Algorithmic Trends for Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)
in the 90's" conducted by the Institute for Computer Applica- tions
in Science and Engineering (ICASE) and the Fluid Mechanics Division
of NASA Langley Research Center during September 15-17, 1991. The
purpose of the workshop was to bring together numerical analysts
and computational fluid dynamicists i) to assess the state of the
art in the areas of numerical analysis particularly relevant to
CFD, ii) to identify promising new developments in various areas of
numerical analysis that will have impact on CFD, and iii) to
establish a long-term perspective focusing on opportunities and
needs. This volume consists of five chapters - i) Overviews, ii)
Accelera- tion Techniques, iii) Spectral and Higher-Order Methods,
iv) Multi- Resolution/ Subcell Resolution Schemes (including
adaptive meth- ods), and v) Inherently Multidimensional Schemes.
Each chapter covers a session of the Workshop. The chapter on
overviews contains the articles by J. L. Steger, H.-O. Kreiss, R.
W. MacCormack, O.
This volume covers the proceedings ofthe ICASE/LaRC workshop on
"Finite Element Theory and Application" held during July 28-30,
1986. The purpose of this workshop was to provide an update on the
status of finite element theory, to assess the impactoftbis theory
on practice, and to suggest directions for Cuture research. There
were thirteen participants in the workshop. Some of them were
leading mathematicians working on the finite element theory, and
the rest expert practitioners in the areas of fluid dynamics and
structural analysis. The first six articles in this volume provide
a brief review of the theoretical and computational aspects of
finite element methods (FEM). The remaining seven articles deal
with a variety of applications highlighting the type of results
that are possible, and indicating areas which deserve future
research. The first article is by Temam. lt provides an
introduction and overview of the general finite element methods for
the nonspecialist. lt also illustrates the power of finite element
methods with two specific applications-the free surface
flowjstructure interaction problern and the compressible Euler solu
tion to the flow past a finite aspect ratio flat plate at
incidence. The second article by Brezzi is againan introduction and
overview ofmixed finite element methods. lt includes a brief
discussion of special techniques for solving the discrete problem,
as weil as some applications to certain basic problems in
elasticity and hydrodynamics."
The ability to predict and control viscous flow phenomena is
becoming increasingly important in modern industrial application.
The Instability and Transition Workshop at Langley was extremely
important in help ing the scientists community to access the state
of knowledge in the area of transition from laminar to turbulent
flow, to identify promising future areas of research and to build
future interactions between researchers worldwide working in the
areas of theoretical, experimental and computational fluid and aero
dynamics. The set of two volume contains panel discussions and
research contribution with the following objectives: (1) expose the
academic community to current technologically important issues of
instability and transitions in shear flows over the entire speed
range, (2) acquaint the academic community with the unique
combination of theoretical, computational and experimental
capabilities at LaRC and foster interaction with these facilities.
(3) review current state-of-the-art and propose future directions
for instability and transition research, (4) accelerate progress in
elucidating basic understanding of transition phenomena and in
transferring this knowledge into improved design methodologies
through improved transition modeling, and (5) establish mechanism
for continued interaction."
Research on laminar flow and its transition to turbulent flow has
been an important part of fluid dynamics research during the last
sixty years. Since transition impacts, in some way, every aspect of
aircraft performance, this emphasis is not only understandable but
should continue well into the future. The delay of transition
through the use of a favorable pressure gradient by proper body
shaping (natural laminar flow) or the use of a small amount of
suction (laminar flow control) was recognized even in the early
1930s and rapidly became the foundation of much of the laminar flow
research in the U.S. and abroad. As one would expect, there have
been many approaches, both theoretical and experimental, employed
to achieve the substantial progress made to date. Boundary layer
stability theories have been formu lated and calibrated by a good
deal of wind tunnel and flight experiments. New laminar now
airfoils and wings have been designed and many have been employed
in aircraft designs. While the early research was, of necessity,
concerned with the design of subsonic aircraft interest has
steadily moved to higher speeds including those appropriate to
planetary entry. Clearly, there have been substantial advances in
our understanding of transition physics and in the development and
application of transition prediction methodolo gies to the design
of aircraft."
The Institute for Computer Applications in Science and Engineer ing
(ICASE) and NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC) brought together on
October 2-4, 1989 experts in the various areas of com bustion with
a view to expose them to some combustion problems of technological
interest to LaRC and possibly foster interaction with the academic
community in these research areas. The top ics chosen for this
purpose were flame structure, flame stability, flame
holding/extinction, chemical kinetics, turbulence-kinetics in
teraction, transition to detonation, and reacting free shear
layers. The lead paper set the stage by discussing the status and
issues of supersonic combustion relevant to scramjet engine. Then
the ex perts were called upon i) to review the current status of
knowledge in the aforementioned ;:I. reas, ii) to focus on how this
knowledge can be extended and applied to high-speed combustion, and
iii) to suggest future directions of research in these areas. Each
topic was then dealt with in a position paper followed by formal
discussion papers and a general discussion involving the
participants. The position papers discussed the state-of-the-art
with an emphasis on key issues that needed to be resolved in the
near future. The discussion papers crit ically examined these
issues and filled in any lacunae therein. The edited versions of
the general discussions in the form of questions from the audience
and answers from the speakers are included wher ever possible to
give the reader the flavor of the lively interactions that took
place.
These two volumes contain the proceedings of the workshop on the
Institute for Computer Instability and Transition, sponsored by
Applications in Science and Engineering (ICASE) and the Langley
Research Center (LaRC), during May 15 to June 9, 1989. The work
shop coincided with the initiation of a new, focused research pro
gram on instability and transition at LaRC. The objectives of the
workshop were to (i) expose the academic community to current
technologically important issues of instability and transition in
shear flows over the entire speed range, (ii) acquaint the academic
com munity with the unique combination of theoretical,
computational and experimental capabilities at LaRC and foster
interaction with these facilities, (iii) review current
state-of-the-art and propose fu ture directions for instability and
transition research, (iv) accelerate progress in elucidating basic
understanding of transition phenomena and in transferring this
knowledge into improved design methodolo gies through improved
transition modeling, and (v) establish mech anisms for continued
interaction. The objectives (i) to (iii) were of course immediately
met. It is still premature to assess whether ob jectives (iv) and
(v) are achieved. The workshop program consisted of tutorials,
research presenta tions, panel discussions, experimental and
computational demonstra tions, and collaborative projects.
These two volumes contain the proceedings of the Workshop on
Transition, Turbulence and Combustion, sponsored by the Insti tute
for Computer Applications in Science and Engineering (ICASE) and
the NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC), during June 7 to July 2,
1993. Volume I contains the contributions from the transi tion
research, and Volume II contains the contributions from both the
turbulence and combustion research. This is the third workshop in
the series on the subject. The first was held in 1989, the second
in 1991, and their proceedings were published by Springer-Verlag
under the titles "Instability and Transition" (edited by M. Y. H
ussaini and R. G. Voigt) and "Instability, Transition and
Turbulence" (edited by M. Y. Hussaini, A. Kumar and C. L. Streett)
respectively. The objectives of these workshops are to expose the
academic community to current technologically important issues of
transition, turbulence and combustion, and to acquaint the academic
COllllllU nity with the unique combination of theoretical,
computational and experimental capabilities at LaRC. It is hoped
these will foster con tinued interactions, and accelerate progress
in elucidating the funda mental phenomena of transition, turbulence
and combustion. The research areas of interest in transition
covered the full range of the subject: linear and nonlinear
stability, direct and large-eddy simulation and phenomenological
modeling of the transition zone."
These two volumes contain the proceedings of the Workshop on
Transition, Turbulence and Combustion, sponsored by the Insti tute
for Computer Applications in Science and Engineering (ICASE) and
the NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC), during June 7 to July 2,
1993. Volume I contains the contributions from the transi tion
research, and Volume II contains the contributions from both the
turbulence and combustion research. This is the third workshop in
the series on the subject. The first was held in 1989, the second
in 1991, and their proceedings were published by Springer-Verlag
under the titles "Instability and Transition" (edited by M. Y.
Hussaini and R. G. Voigt) and "Instability, Transition and
Turbulence" (edited by M. Y. Hussaini, A. Kumar and C. L. Streett)
respectively. The objectives of these workshops are to expose the
academic community to current technologically important issues of
transition, turbulence and combustion, and to acquaint the academic
commu nity with the unique combination of theoretical,
computational and experimental capabilities at LaRC. It is hoped
these will foster con tinued interactions, and accelerate progress
in elucidating the funda mental phenomena of transition, turbulence
and combustion. The research areas of interest in transition
covered the full range of the subject: linear and nonlinear
stability, direct and large-eddy simulation and phenomenological
modeling of the transition zone."
This volume is the collection of papers presented at the workshop
on 'The Stability of Spatially Varying and Time Dependent Flows"
sponsored by the Institute for Computer Applications in Science and
Engineering (lCASE) and NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC) during
August 19- 23, 1985. The purpose of this workshop was to bring
together some of the experts in the field for an exchange of ideas
to update the current status of knowledge and to help identify
trends for future research. Among the invited speakers were D.M.
Bushnell, M. Goldstein, P. Hall, Th. Herbert, R.E. Kelly, L. Mack,
A.H. Nayfeh, F.T. Smith, and C. von Kerczek. The contributed papers
were by A. Bayliss, R. Bodonyi, S. Cowley, C. Grosch, S. Lekoudis,
P. Monkewitz, A. Patera, and C. Streett. In the first article,
Bushnell provides a historical background on laminar flow control
(LFC) research and summarizes the crucial role played by stability
theory in LFC system design. He also identifies problem areas in
stability theory requiring further research from the view-point of
ap plications to LFC design. It is an excellent article for
theoreticians looking for some down-to-earth applications of
stability theory."
From the astrophysical scale of a swirling spiral galaxy, through
the geophysical scale of a hurricane, down to the subatomic scale
of elementary particles, vortical motion and vortex dynamics have
played a profound role in our understanding of the physical world.
Kuchemann referred to vortex dynamics as "the sinews and muscles of
fluid motion. " In order to update our understanding of vortex
dominated flows, NASA Langley Research Center and the Institute for
Computer Applications in Science and Engineering (ICASE) conducted
a workshop during July 9-11, 1985. The subject was broadly divided
into five overlapping topics vortex dynamics, vortex breakdown,
massive separation, vortex shedding from sharp leading edges and
conically separated flows. Some of the experts in each of these
areas were invited to provide an overview of the subject. This
volume is the proceedings of the workshop and contains the latest,
theoretical, numerical, and experimental work in the
above-mentioned areas. Leibovich, Widnall, Moore and Sirovich
discussed topics on the fundamentals of vortex dynamics, while
Keller and Hafez treated the problem of vortex break down
phenomena; the contributions of Smith, Davis and LeBalleur were in
the area of massive separation and inviscid-viscous interactions,
while those of Cheng, Hoeijmakers and Munnan dealt with
sharp-leading-edge vortex flows; and Fiddes and Marconi represented
the category of conical separated flows."
Turbulence is the lIDst natural nDde of fluid lIDtion, and has been
the subject of scientific study for all Dst a century. During this
period, various ideas and techniques have evolved to nDdel
turbulence. Following Saffman, these theoretical approaches can be
broadly divided into four overlapping categories -- (1) analytical
lIDdelling, (2) physical lIDdelling, (3)
phenomenologicalllDdelling, and (4) nurerical lIDdelling. With the
purpose of stmtnarizing our =ent understanding of these theoretical
approaches to turbulence, recognized leaders (fluid dynamicists,
mathematicians and physicists) in the field were invited to
participate in a formal workshop during October 10-12, 1984,
sponsored by The Institute for CooIputer Applications in Science
and Engineering and NASA Langley Research Center. Kraiciman,
McCcxnb, Pouquet and Spiegel represented the category of analytical
nDdelling, while Landahl and Saffman represented physical
lIDdelling. The contributions of Latmder and Spalding were in the
category of phenanenological lIDdelling, and those of Ferziger and
Reynolds in the area of nurericalllDdelling. Aref, Cholet, Lumley,
Moin, Pope and Temam served on the panel discussions. With the care
and cooperation of the participants, the workshop achieved its
purpose, and we believe that its proceedings published in this
vol\. llre has lasting scientific value. The tone of the workshop
was set by two introductory talks by Bushnell and ChaImm. Buslmell
presented the engineering viewpoint while Chapman reviewed from a
historical perspective developments in the study of turbulence. The
remaining talks dealt with specific aspects of the theoretical
approaches to fluid turbulence.
This special volume contains the proceedings of the Symposium held
on June 26, 1988 at Williamsburg, Virginia, in honor of Professor
Maurice Holt on the occasion of his seventieth birthday. There were
more than two dozen participants from eleven countries. They were
either his past students or his colleagues whose careers crossed
his at some point. The twenty-one papers in this volume are the
written version of the presentations at this Symposium; they are
mostly in the area of computational fluid dynamics (CFD), a field
in which Professor Holt is a pioneer. These papers cover almost all
aspects of CFD including numerical analysis, symbolic analysis, and
grid genera tion. They cover diverse topics such as complex plume
flows, shock waves and shock focussing, coronary circulation, free
surface flows, direct containment heat ing in nuclear reactors, and
uranium enrichment. There is also an article on the progress and
future directions in CFD by one of the true experts in this area.
In addition to CFD papers, there is an experimental paper on the
flow of spherical glass beads in airflow in a 90 Degrees
vertical-to-horizontal bend, as well as a historical paper on
seventy years of fluid dynamic research at Aerodynamisches Institut
at Aachen. It is worth pointing out that there is also an article
on the simple fluid concept by a world-renowned authority on
continuum mechanics.
These two volumes are concerned with current technologically
important issues of transition, turbulence and combustion. Topics
covered in transition include linear and nonlinear stability,
direct and large-eddy simulation and phenomenological modelling of
the transition zone. In turbulence, interest was focused on
second-order closures and the formulation of near-wall corrections
to existing high Reynolds number models, and closure model
development based on turbulent flow structures and RNG theory.
Topics covered in combustion include counterflow diffusion flames,
development of novel mixing enhancement techniques for non-premixed
combustion, and methods of modelling the interaction between
turbulence and chemical kinetics. This collection of papers from
leading researchers represents as yet unpublished state-of-the-art
research, resulting in a very valuable tool for scientists and
students working in areas of turbulence, transition and combustion.
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