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The book sheds new lights on the evolution of Russian space
activities with a focus on their strategy of international
cooperation. This analysis is carried out in relation to the
evolution of the domestic and international dynamics that have been
impacting the country's direction in space, with the ultimate goal
of providing an assessment on their impact for current and
foreseeable Europe-Russia space relations. Russia has traditionally
been one of the two main strategic partners for Europe in its space
endeavor. Hitherto, long-standing cooperation has been nurtured
between the two actors in various areas, from scientific research
to space transportation and human spaceflight. In recent years,
however, a number of endogenous and exogenous developments has
triggered significant changes in Russia's space posture. These
changes are evident in the adjustment of Russia's space policies
and programmatic goals, in the restructuring of the domestic space
industry as well as in the attitude towards international space
partnerships.
This book is about China’s ambitions in its most complex and
internationally visible space endeavor, namely its human space
exploration programme. It provides a comprehensive reflection on
China´s strategic direction and objectives in space, including in
particular those set forth in its human spaceflight programme and
analyses the key domestic and external factors affecting the
country’s presumed manned lunar ambitions. The objective of the
book is to disentangle the opportunities and challenges China´s
space ambitions are creating for other spacefaring nations and for
Europe in particular. It therefore includes an in-depth analysis of
possible European postures towards China in space exploration and
seeks to stimulate a debate on future space strategies in the
broader context of world politics.
This book is about China's ambitions in its most complex and
internationally visible space endeavor, namely its human space
exploration programme. It provides a comprehensive reflection on
Chinas strategic direction and objectives in space, including in
particular those set forth in its human spaceflight programme and
analyses the key domestic and external factors affecting the
country's presumed manned lunar ambitions. The objective of the
book is to disentangle the opportunities and challenges Chinas
space ambitions are creating for other spacefaring nations and for
Europe in particular. It therefore includes an in-depth analysis of
possible European postures towards China in space exploration and
seeks to stimulate a debate on future space strategies in the
broader context of world politics.
This book explains on what basis a nation can claim the status of
space power, what are the criteria differentiating a space power
from “lesser” space actors, and how their spacepower can be
empirically measured and assessed. To this end, it sets forth a
comprehensive multidisciplinary framework to enable a dynamic
comparison of space actors and of the pathways that lead them in
and out of the space powers’ club. Drawing upon a critical review
of the existing literature, it
conceptualises spacepower as a form of state power
based on the complex interplay between the two defining dimensions
of stateness, namely the well-studied dimension of capacity and the
often neglected yet exceedingly important dimension of autonomy.
The book demonstrates that only actors possessing high levels of
both autonomy and capacity qualify as space powers. Different
levels of either capacity or autonomy produce other types of space
actors, including skilled spacefarers, self-reliant
spacefarers, primed spacefarers, and emerging space actors.
This innovative conceptual framework is complemented by an in-depth
comparative assessment that collects and processes a large amount
of hard-to-find data on the most active global space actors and
aggregates multiple indicators into a compound, non-hierarchical
index of space power visualised in the form of a matrix.
This book provides an in-depth investigation of the concept of
space power and devises a novel conceptual framework for
empirically measuring and comparing different typologies of space
actors on the basis of clearly defined criteria. In turn, the book
identifies a comprehensive set of conditions required to achieve
and maintain the status of space power and explores the main
political, security, and socio-economic stakes involved. Building
on this basis, the book conducts a comparative assessment of the
major space actors, the underlying aim of which is to examine
Europe's relative position in the space arena and put into
perspective its proclaimed goal to assert itself as a space power,
with all of the means and resources this would entail. Given its
scope, the book represents a valuable and versatile tool to support
European decision-making and offers key insights for executives,
space professionals and scholars alike.
The book sheds new lights on the evolution of Russian space
activities with a focus on their strategy of international
cooperation. This analysis is carried out in relation to the
evolution of the domestic and international dynamics that have been
impacting the country's direction in space, with the ultimate goal
of providing an assessment on their impact for current and
foreseeable Europe-Russia space relations. Russia has traditionally
been one of the two main strategic partners for Europe in its space
endeavor. Hitherto, long-standing cooperation has been nurtured
between the two actors in various areas, from scientific research
to space transportation and human spaceflight. In recent years,
however, a number of endogenous and exogenous developments has
triggered significant changes in Russia's space posture. These
changes are evident in the adjustment of Russia's space policies
and programmatic goals, in the restructuring of the domestic space
industry as well as in the attitude towards international space
partnerships.
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