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Language acquisition research is challenging-the intricate
behavioral and cognitive foundations of speech are difficult to
measure objectively. The audible components of speech, however, are
quantifiable and thus provide crucial data. This practical guide
synthesizes the authors' decades of experience into a comprehensive
set of tools that will allow students and early career researchers
in the field to design and conduct rigorous studies that produce
reliable and valid speech data and interpretations. The authors
thoroughly review specific techniques for obtaining qualitative and
quantitative speech data, including how to tailor the testing
environments for optimal results. They explore observational tasks
for collecting natural speech and experimental tasks for eliciting
specific types of speech. Language comprehension tasks are also
reviewed so researchers can study participants' interpretations of
speech and conceptualizations of grammar. Most tasks are oriented
towards children, but special considerations for infants are also
reviewed, as well as multilingual children. Chapters also provide
strategies for transcribing and coding raw speech data into
reliable data sets that can be scientifically analyzed.
Furthermore, they investigate the intricacies of interpretation so
that researchers can make empirically sound inferences from their
data and avoid common pitfalls that can lead to unscientific
conclusions.
Making diverse data in linguistics and the language sciences open,
distributed, and accessible: perspectives from language/language
acquistiion researchers and technical LOD (linked open data)
researchers. This volume examines the challenges inherent in making
diverse data in linguistics and the language sciences open,
distributed, integrated, and accessible, thus fostering wide data
sharing and collaboration. It is unique in integrating the
perspectives of language researchers and technical LOD (linked open
data) researchers. Reporting on both active research needs in the
field of language acquisition and technical advances in the
development of data interoperability, the book demonstrates the
advantages of an international infrastructure for scholarship in
the field of language sciences. With contributions by researchers
who produce complex data content and scholars involved in both the
technology and the conceptual foundations of LLOD (linguistics
linked open data), the book focuses on the area of language
acquisition because it involves complex and diverse data sets,
cross-linguistic analyses, and urgent collaborative research. The
contributors discuss a variety of research methods, resources, and
infrastructures. Contributors Isabelle Barriere, Nan Bernstein
Ratner, Steven Bird, Maria Blume, Ted Caldwell, Christian Chiarcos,
Cristina Dye, Suzanne Flynn, Claire Foley, Nancy Ide, Carissa Kang,
D. Terence Langendoen, Barbara Lust, Brian MacWhinney, Jonathan
Masci, Steven Moran, Antonio Pareja-Lora, Jim Reidy, Oya Y. Rieger,
Gary F. Simons, Thorsten Trippel, Kara Warburton, Sue Ellen Wright,
Claus Zinn
Bilingualism has given rise to significant changes in
Spanish-speaking countries. In the US, the increasing importance of
Spanish has engendered an English-only movement; in Peru, contact
between Spanish and Quechua has brought about language change; and
in Iberia, speakers of Basque, Galician and Catalan have made their
languages a compulsory part of school curricula and local
government. This book provides an introduction to bilingualism in
the Spanish-speaking world, looking at topics such as language
contact, bilingual societies, bilingualism in schools,
code-switching, language transfer, the emergence of new varieties
of Spanish, and language choice - and how all of these phenomena
affect the linguistic and cognitive development of the speaker.
Using examples and case studies drawn primarily from
Spanish/English bilinguals in the US, Spanish/Quechua bilinguals in
Peru and Spanish/Basque bilinguals in Spain, it provides diverse
perspectives on the experience of being bilingual in distinct
cultural, political and socioeconomic contexts.
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