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This book sheds light on 'hidden' aspects of management theory by
questioning its moral foundations: ethical and moral principles
tend to become over time, deeply embedded, if not buried, in the
intellectual and disciplinary subfields of management, particularly
when the latter vie for scientific status. In the process, they
often become invisible or indecipherable both to those who advance
and diffuse knowledge as well as to those who receive, interpret
and apply it. The contributors to this book explore in various
subfields of management thought a number of important moral and
ethical issues. What is the definition of 'good behaviour' - and
hence of 'bad behaviour' - implicit behind the theories we use and
produce? Can we find, historically, a trace of moral and ethical
dilemmas and debates in those intellectual subfields that tend to
posture today as morally neutral? What is the conception of human
nature and social reality embedded in modern management thought and
theories? How do those implicit and hidden cognitive schemes
influence the development of research and knowledge in those
various subfields? How do they prevent certain issues from
emerging? How do they shape debates, practices and beliefs -
leaving little room to approach the world differently and to depart
from mainstream perspectives? This unique treatment of the moral
foundations of knowledge management will provide a stimulating read
for academics, students and professionals focusing on business and
management, business administration, sociology, organizational
behaviour and moral philosophy.
This volume investigates the relationship between economic
globalization and institutions, or global governance, challenging
the common assumption that globalization and institutionalization
are essentially processes which exclude each other. Instead, the
contributors to this book show that globalization is better
perceived as a dual process of institutional change at the national
level, and institution building at the transnational level. Rich,
supporting empirical evidence is provided along with a theoretical
conceptualization of the main actors, mechanisms and conditions
involved in trickle-up and trickle-down trajectories through which
national institutional systems are being transformed and
transnational rules emerge. The book collectively argues that
transnational institution building is one of the most striking
features of the current period of internationalization. As a
consequence, debates concerning globalization and global governance
have to be reformulated. The authors posit that globalization is
not threatening governance, but in fact globalization reflects a
particular type of governance. The dilemma, therefore, is not
between globalization and institutions, but between different
meanings of governance and the balance that should be reached
between them. Globalization and Institutions will be of special
interest to academics and scholars of institutional economics,
globalization and management. However, with its focus on two key
debates for which there is clearly rising interest, many social
scientists will find the book of interest.
The study of narrative-the object of the rapidly growing discipline
of narratology-has been traditionally concerned with the fictional
narratives of literature, such as novels or short stories. But
narrative is a transdisciplinary and transmedial concept whose
manifestations encompass both the fictional and the factual. In
this volume, which provides a companion piece to Tobias Klauk and
Tilmann Koeppe's Fiktionalitat: Ein interdisziplinares Handbuch,
the use of narrative to convey true and reliable information is
systematically explored across media, cultures and disciplines, as
well as in its narratological, stylistic, philosophical, and
rhetorical dimensions. At a time when the notion of truth has come
under attack, it is imperative to reaffirm the commitment to facts
of certain types of narrative, and to examine critically the
foundations of this commitment. But because it takes a background
for a figure to emerge clearly, this book will also explore
nonfactual types of narratives, thereby providing insights into the
nature of narrative fiction that could not be reached from the
narrowly literary perspective of early narratology.
This book provides a de?nition and study of a knowledge
representation and r- soning formalism stemming from conceptual
graphs, while focusing on the com- tational properties of this
formalism. Knowledge can be symbolically represented in many ways.
The knowledge representation and reasoning formalism presented here
is a graph formalism - knowledge is represented by labeled graphs,
in the graph theory sense, and r- soning mechanisms are based on
graph operations, with graph homomorphism at the core. This
formalism can thus be considered as related to semantic networks.
Since their conception, semantic networks have faded out several
times, but have always returned to the limelight. They faded mainly
due to a lack of formal semantics and the limited reasoning tools
proposed. They have, however, always rebounded - cause labeled
graphs, schemas and drawings provide an intuitive and easily und-
standable support to represent knowledge. This formalism has the
visual qualities of any graphic model, and it is logically founded.
This is a key feature because logics has been the foundation for
knowledge representation and reasoning for millennia. The authors
also focus substantially on computational facets of the presented
formalism as they are interested in knowledge representation and
reasoning formalisms upon which knowledge-based systems can be
built to solve real problems. Since object structures are graphs,
naturally graph homomorphism is the key underlying notion and, from
a computational viewpoint, this moors calculus to combinatorics and
to computer science domains in which the
algorithmicqualitiesofgraphshavelongbeenstudied,
asindatabasesandconstraint networks
The 'narrative turn' in the humanities, which expanded the study of
narrative to various disciplines, has found a correlate in the
'medial turn' in narratology. Long restricted to language-based
literary fiction, narratology has found new life in the recognition
that storytelling can take place in a variety of media, and often
combines signs belonging to different semiotic categories: visual,
auditory, linguistic and perhaps even tactile. The essays gathered
in this volume apply the newly gained awareness of the expressive
power of media to particular texts, demonstrating the productivity
of a medium-aware analysis. Through the examination of a wide
variety of different media, ranging from widely studied, such as
literature and film, to new, neglected, or non-standard ones, such
as graphic novels, photography, television, musicals, computer
games and advertising, they address some of the most fundamental
questions raised by the medial turn in narratology: how can
narrative meaning be created in media other than language; how do
different types of signs collaborate with each other in so-called
'multi-modal works', and what new forms of narrativity are made
possible by the emergence of digital media.
This book sheds light on 'hidden' aspects of management theory by
questioning its moral foundations: ethical and moral principles
tend to become over time, deeply embedded, if not buried, in the
intellectual and disciplinary subfields of management, particularly
when the latter vie for scientific status. In the process, they
often become invisible or indecipherable both to those who advance
and diffuse knowledge as well as to those who receive, interpret
and apply it. The contributors to this book explore in various
subfields of management thought a number of important moral and
ethical issues. What is the definition of 'good behaviour' - and
hence of 'bad behaviour' - implicit behind the theories we use and
produce? Can we find, historically, a trace of moral and ethical
dilemmas and debates in those intellectual subfields that tend to
posture today as morally neutral? What is the conception of human
nature and social reality embedded in modern management thought and
theories? How do those implicit and hidden cognitive schemes
influence the development of research and knowledge in those
various subfields? How do they prevent certain issues from
emerging? How do they shape debates, practices and beliefs -
leaving little room to approach the world differently and to depart
from mainstream perspectives? This unique treatment of the moral
foundations of knowledge management will provide a stimulating read
for academics, students and professionals focusing on business and
management, business administration, sociology, organizational
behaviour and moral philosophy.
"Computing Action" takes a new approach to the phenomenon of
narrated action in literary texts. It begins with a survey of
philosophical approaches to the concept of action, ranging from
analytical to transcendental and finally constructivist
definitions. This leads to the formulation of a new model of
action, in which the core definitions developed in traditional
structuralist narratology and Greimassian semiotics are
reconceptualised in the light of constructivist theories. In the
second part of the study, the combinatory model of action proposed
is put into practice in the context of a computer-aided
investigation of the action constructs logically implied by
narrative texts. Two specialised literary computing tools were
developed for the purposes of this investigation of textual data:
EVENTPARSER, an interactive tool for parsing events in literary
texts, and EPITEST, a tool for subjecting the mark-up files thus
produced to a combinatory analysis of the episode and action
constructs they contain. The third part of the book presents a case
study of Goethe's "Unterhaltungen deutscher Ausgewanderten". Here,
the practical application of theory and methodology eventually
leads to a new interpretation of Goethe's famous Novellenzyklus as
a systematic experiment in the narrative construction of action -
an experiment intended to demonstrate not only Goethe's aesthetic
principles, but also, and more fundamentally, his epistemological
convictions.
This volume provides a selection of the most significant papers
presented at the Second Conference on Fish Telemetry in Europe in
La Rochelle, France, in April 1997. The conference was attended by
100 scientists from 18 countries. The contributions are grouped
under the following headings: Methodology and New Developments,
Tagging Procedures, Behavioural and Physiological Ecology, Fish
Migration, Stock Management and Conservation. Particular emphasis
was put on tag miniaturisation, multiple functions and sampling
strategies. Papers concerned the effects of tags on fish for
consolidating behavioural or original physiological investigations
noticeably more open to the marine environment. Methods were
essentially applied to study the relationships between fish and
their natural environment. Besides providing up-to-date information
on the state of fish telemetry, the book illustrates the increase
in spatial and temporal scales and the number of tracked fish which
gives a statistical basis for field study in behavioural ecology.
At this time when many have lost hope amidst conflicts, terrorism,
environmental destruction, economic inequality and the breakdown of
democracy, this beautifully written book outlines how to rethink
and reform our key institutions - markets, corporations, welfare
policies, democratic processes and transnational governance - to
create better societies based on core principles of human dignity,
sustainability, and justice. This new vision is based on the
findings of over 300 social scientists involved in the
collaborative, interdisciplinary International Panel on Social
Progress. Relying on state-of-the-art scholarship, these social
scientists reviewed the desirability and possibility of all
relevant forms of long-term social change, explored current
challenges, and synthesized their knowledge on the principles,
possibilities, and methods for improving the main institutions of
modern societies. Their common finding is that a better society is
indeed possible, its contours can be broadly described, and all we
need is to gather forces toward realizing this vision.
The past several decades have seen an explosion of interest in
narrative, with this multifaceted object of inquiry becoming a
central concern in a wide range of disciplinary fields and research
contexts. As accounts of what happened to particular people in
particular circumstances and with specific consequences, stories
have come to be viewed as a basic human strategy for coming to
terms with time, process, and change. However, the very
predominance of narrative as a focus of interest across multiple
disciplines makes it imperative for scholars, teachers, and
students to have access to a comprehensive reference resource.
This book explores the intersection of a number of academic areas
of study that are all, individually, of growing importance:
translation studies, crime fiction and world literature. The
scholars included here are leaders in one or more of these areas.
The frame of this volume is imagological; its focus is on the ways
in which national allegories are constructed and deconstructed,
encompassing descriptions of national characteristics as they play
out at the level of the local or the individual as well as broader,
political analyses. Its corpus, crime fiction, is shown to be a
privileged site for writing the national narrative, and often in
ways that are more complex and dynamic than is suggested by the
genre's much-cited role as vehicle for a new realism. Finally,
these two areas are problematised through the lens of translation,
which is a crucial player in both the development of crime fiction
and the formation, rather than simply the interlingual transfer, of
national allegory. In this volume national allegories, and the
crime novels in which they emerge, are shown to be eminently
versatile, foundationally plural texts that promote critical
rewriting as opposed to sites for fixing meaning. This book was
originally published as a special issue of The Translator.
This volume investigates the relationship between economic
globalization and institutions, or global governance, challenging
the common assumption that globalization and institutionalization
are essentially processes which exclude each other. Instead, the
contributors to this book show that globalization is better
perceived as a dual process of institutional change at the national
level, and institution building at the transnational level. Rich,
supporting empirical evidence is provided along with a theoretical
conceptualization of the main actors, mechanisms and conditions
involved in trickle-up and trickle-down trajectories through which
national institutional systems are being transformed and
transnational rules emerge. The book collectively argues that
transnational institution building is one of the most striking
features of the current period of internationalization. As a
consequence, debates concerning globalization and global governance
have to be reformulated. The authors posit that globalization is
not threatening governance, but in fact globalization reflects a
particular type of governance. The dilemma, therefore, is not
between globalization and institutions, but between different
meanings of governance and the balance that should be reached
between them. Globalization and Institutions will be of special
interest to academics and scholars of institutional economics,
globalization and management. However, with its focus on two key
debates for which there is clearly rising interest, many social
scientists will find the book of interest.
In this landmark volume, J. Rodgers Hollingsworth, Karl H. Muller,
and Ellen Jane Hollingsworth take a first step towards imposing
order on the increasingly diverse field of socio-economics by
embedding the various disciplines and sub-disciplines in a common
core. The distinguished contributors in this volume show how
institutions, governance arrangements, societal sectors,
organizations, individual actors, and innovativeness are
intertwined and, ultimately, how individuals and firms have a high
degree of autonomy. By offering original suggestions and guidelines
for developing a socio-economics research agenda focused on
institutional analysis, Advancing Socio-Economics: An
Institutionalist Perspective, will enlighten all interested in the
social sciences.
Acinetobacter details the clinical aspects of this bacterium
responsible for many infections in hospitalized patients. This
reference explains the importance of these organisms, both from the
patient's viewpoint and the economic perspective, and provides
clinicians with the knowledge they need to control these bacteria.
The first English-language introduction to the developing science
of endobiogeny. Dr Lapraz developed a diagnostic method that, while
being rooted in modern science, allows an insight into the true
causes of imbalance and disease in a patient. This innovative
medical concept, based on a refined view of the neuro-endocrine
system, integrates classical medicine with herbs and supplements,
essential oils, and dietary and lifestyle modifications to create a
truly holistic treatment approach to illness. The book sets out
endobiogenic principles and methods, including the modelling system
known as the Biology of Functions, and is full of remarkable case
histories that attest to the efficacy of this approach. It is aimed
both at the general public and at members of the health
professions.
The past several decades have seen an explosion of interest in
narrative, with this multifaceted object of inquiry becoming a
central concern in a wide range of disciplinary fields and research
contexts. As accounts of what happened to particular people in
particular circumstances and with specific consequences, stories
have come to be viewed as a basic human strategy for coming to
terms with time, process, and change.
However, the very predominance of narrative as a focus of interest
across multiple disciplines makes it imperative for scholars,
teachers, and students to have access to a comprehensive reference
resource.
Marie-Laure Djelic explores the convergent and divergent trends in the evolution of business systems and organization in Western Europe in the post-war period, looking in particular at the influence of the American corporate model. She focuses on France, West Germany, and Italy after 1945 and the influences of the Marshall Plan. Her core argument is that the model had varying degrees of success in each of those three countries whilst, in some areas, it encountered significant resistance and adaptation.
Transnational communities are social groups that emerge from mutual
interaction across national boundaries, oriented around a common
project or 'imagined' identity. This common project or identity is
constructed and sustained through the active engagement and
involvement of at least some of its members. Such communities can
overlap in different ways with formal organizations but, in
principle, they do not need formal organization to be sustained.
This 2010 book explores the role of transnational communities in
relation to the governance of business and economic activity. It
does so by focusing on a wide range of empirical terrains,
including discussions of the Laleli market in Istanbul, the
institutionalization of private equity in Japan, the transnational
movement for open content licenses, and the mobilization around
environmental certification. These studies show that transnational
communities can align the cognitive and normative orientations of
their members over time and thereby influence emergent
transnational governance arrangements.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 8th
International Conference on Web Reasoning and Rule Systems, RR
2014, held in Athens, Greece in September 2014. The 9 full papers,
9 technical communications and 5 poster presentations presented
together with 3 invited talks, 3 doctoral consortial papers were
carefully reviewed and selected from 33 submissions. The conference
covers a wide range of the following: semantic Web, rule and
ontology languages, and related logics, reasoning, querying,
searching and optimization, incompleteness, inconsistency and
uncertainty, non-monotonic, common sense, and closed-world
reasoning for the web, dynamic information, stream reasoning and
complex event processing, decision making, planning, and
intelligent agents, machine learning, knowledge extraction and
information retrieval, data management, data integration and
reasoning on the web of data, ontology-based data access, system
descriptions, applications and experiences.
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