Enterprise Architecture, Integration, and Interoperability and the Networked enterprise have become the theme of many conferences in the past few years. These conferences were organised by IFIP TC5 with the support of its two working groups: WG 5. 12 (Architectures for Enterprise Integration) and WG 5. 8 (Enterprise Interoperability), both concerned with aspects of the topic: how is it possible to architect and implement businesses that are flexible and able to change, to interact, and use one another's s- vices in a dynamic manner for the purpose of (joint) value creation. The original qu- tion of enterprise integration in the 1980s was: how can we achieve and integrate - formation and material flow in the enterprise? Various methods and reference models were developed or proposed - ranging from tightly integrated monolithic system - chitectures, through cell-based manufacturing to on-demand interconnection of bu- nesses to form virtual enterprises in response to market opportunities. Two camps have emerged in the endeavour to achieve the same goal, namely, to achieve interoperability between businesses (whereupon interoperability is the ability to exchange information in order to use one another's services or to jointly implement a service). One school of researchers addresses the technical aspects of creating dynamic (and static) interconnections between disparate businesses (or parts thereof).

The second edition of this successful textbook provides an up-to-date account of the optical physics of solid state materials. The basic principles of absorption, reflection, luminescence, and light scattering are covered for a wide range of materials, including insulators, semiconductors and metals. The text starts with a review of classical optics, and then moves on to the treatment of optical transition rates by quantum theory. In addition to the traditional discussion of crystalline materials, glasses and molecular solids are also covered.
The first edition included a number of subjects that are not normally covered in standard texts, notably semiconductor quantum wells, molecular materials, vibronic solid state lasers, and nonlinear optics. The basic structure of the second edition is unchanged, but all of the chapters have been updated and improved. Futhermore, a number of important new topics have been added, including:
DT Optical control of spin
DT Quantum dots
DT Plasmonics
DT Negative refraction
DT Carbon nanostructures (graphene, nanotubes and fullerenes)
DT NV centres in diamond
The text is aimed at final year undergraduates, masters students and researchers. It is mainly written for physicists, but might also be useful for electrical engineers, materials scientists and physical chemists. The topics are written in a clear tutorial style with worked examples, chapter summaries and exercises.
To request a copy of the Solutions Manual, visit: http: //global.oup.com/uk/academic/physics/admin/solutions

Enterprise Architects, in their endeavor to achieve Enterprise Integration, have limited guidance on how best to use Enterprise Models and Modeling Tools to support their practice. It is widely recognized that the practice of engineering enterprises needs a number of models, but how to maintain the relation between these models with ease is still a problem. Model interoperability is an issue on multiople counts: - How to interchange models between enterprise modeling tools? - How to maintain the interdependencies between models - whether they describe the enterprise on the same level (but from different points of view), or from the same point of view (but on different levels of abstraction and granularity)? - How to maintain a coherent and evolving set of enterprise models in support onf continuous change processes? - How to use and reuse enterprise models as a knowledge resource? The answers to these questions are of great importance to anyone who is implementing ISO9001:2000 requirements, whether through using enterprise architecture practice or not - although it can be argued that a well executed architecture practice should satisfy ISO9001 without additional effort. This volume attacks the problem on three fronts: 1. Authors working in international standardisation and tool development as well as in enterprise modeling research present the latest developments in semantic integration; 2. Authors who are practitioners of, or conducting active research in, enterprise architecting methodologies give an account on the latest developments and strategic directions in architecture frameworks and methodologies; 3. Authors who use or develop information integration infrastructures present best practice and future trends of this aspect of enterprise integration. Chapters of this book include contributions to the International Conference on Enterprise Integration and Modelling Technology (ICEIMT'04), and those presented at the Design of Information Infrastructure Systems for Manufacturing (DIISM'04) Workshop. While DIISM is traditionally oriented at supporting manufacturing practice, the results have a far greater domain of applicability.

First Published in 2005. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

This is a guide to help teachers successfully include children with physical disabilities in mainstream classrooms. The book looks at: planning for inclusion; understanding different kinds of physical disabilities; managing teachers' and parents' expectations; organizing the classroom; liaising with other professionals; considering the emotional and social aspects of inclusion; and running related exercises and activities as part of in-service training. Early years and primary teachers, SENCOs, teaching assistants, parents of children with a physical disability and other education professionals should find it helpful and informative.

This dramatic and sustained response to decades of research into near-death experiences (NDEs) is the first book to credibly bridge the gap between the competing factions of science and spirituality. Neither a religious argument touting NDEs as hard evidence for God, nor a scientific rebuke to religious interpretations, it balances investigation of these much-reported yet baffling phenomena, and brings fresh urgency to the study of our hopes for a life beyond.

Enterprise Architecture, Integration, and Interoperability and the Networked enterprise have become the theme of many conferences in the past few years. These conferences were organised by IFIP TC5 with the support of its two working groups: WG 5. 12 (Architectures for Enterprise Integration) and WG 5. 8 (Enterprise Interoperability), both concerned with aspects of the topic: how is it possible to architect and implement businesses that are flexible and able to change, to interact, and use one another's s- vices in a dynamic manner for the purpose of (joint) value creation. The original qu- tion of enterprise integration in the 1980s was: how can we achieve and integrate - formation and material flow in the enterprise? Various methods and reference models were developed or proposed - ranging from tightly integrated monolithic system - chitectures, through cell-based manufacturing to on-demand interconnection of bu- nesses to form virtual enterprises in response to market opportunities. Two camps have emerged in the endeavour to achieve the same goal, namely, to achieve interoperability between businesses (whereupon interoperability is the ability to exchange information in order to use one another's services or to jointly implement a service). One school of researchers addresses the technical aspects of creating dynamic (and static) interconnections between disparate businesses (or parts thereof).

A new pictorial reference book for artists and designers, with over 400 images from sources ranging from Greco-Roman art to Benjamin Franklin and Wes Anderson - Symbols offers a fresh approach to understanding symbolism in the visual arts. Symbols are embedded everywhere in our global visual culture, from oil paintings to biscuit packaging, monuments to mass-produced ashtrays. Designers and California College of the Arts instructors Mark Fox and Angie Wang recognize sources both historical and contemporary, high and low, revealing the narrative riches of symbolism found in a range of media and across times, places, and cultures. Whether human or animate, natural or man-made - each symbol (from sun, moon, lightning, and serpent to lozenge, spiral, and swastika) is illustrated with both classical and archetypal examples and often surprising contributions from textiles, fine art photography, ceramics, African sculpture, ancient coins, modern architecture, Native American crafts, European heraldry, Soviet propaganda, bookplates, film stills, military insignia, and much more. A beautiful, visually arresting compendium that both informs and inspires, Symbols is a vital resource.

Enterprise Architects, in their endeavor to achieve Enterprise Integration, have limited guidance on how best to use Enterprise Models and Modeling Tools to support their practice. It is widely recognized that the practice of engineering enterprises needs a number of models, but how to maintain the relation between these models with ease is still a problem. Model interoperability is an issue on multiople counts:

- How to interchange models between enterprise modeling tools?

- How to maintain the interdependencies between models - whether they describe the enterprise on the same level (but from different points of view), or from the same point of view (but on different levels of abstraction and granularity)?

- How to maintain a coherent and evolving set of enterprise models in support onf continuous change processes?

- How to use and reuse enterprise models as a knowledge resource?

The answers to these questions are of great importance to anyone who is implementing ISO9001:2000 requirements, whether through using enterprise architecture practice or not - although it can be argued that a well executed architecture practice should satisfy ISO9001 without additional effort.

This volume attacks the problem on three fronts:

1. Authors working in international standardisation and tool development as well as in enterprise modeling research present the latest developments in semantic integration;

2. Authors who are practitioners of, or conducting active research in, enterprise architecting methodologies give an account on the latest developments and strategic directions in architecture frameworks and methodologies;

3. Authors who use or develop information integration infrastructures present best practice and future trends of this aspect of enterprise integration.

Chapters of this book include contributions to the International Conference on Enterprise Integration and Modelling Technology (ICEIMT'04), and those presented at the Design of Information Infrastructure Systems for Manufacturing (DIISM'04) Workshop. While DIISM is traditionally oriented at supporting manufacturing practice, the results have a far greater domain of applicability.

Whether resuscitated in the emergency room, struck by lightening or rescued at sea, people snatched from the jaws of death have long reported uncanny or otherworldly phenomena. Survivors of these mystical and occasionally traumatic voyages repeat the same familiar stories; testimonies of tunnels and flowers and light, of hellish or heavenly visions. Where do people go during these encounters? What do they see? Why are their remarkable stories so often correlative? Are they persuasive evidence of life after physical death?

This concise and accessible book provides a detailed introduction to the fundamental principles of atomic physics at an undergraduate level. Concepts are explained in an intuitive way and the book assumes only a basic knowledge of quantum mechanics and electromagnetism. With a compact format specifically designed for students, the first part of the book covers the key principles of the subject, including the quantum theory of the hydrogen atom, radiative transitions, the shell model of multi-electron atoms, spin-orbit coupling, and the effects of external fields. The second part provides an introduction to the four key applications of atomic physics: lasers, cold atoms, solid-state spectroscopy and astrophysics. This highly pedagogical text includes worked examples and end of chapter problems to allow students to test their knowledge, as well as numerous diagrams of key concepts, making it perfect for undergraduate students looking for a succinct primer on the concepts and applications of atomic physics.

Supporting the Emotional Well-being of Children and Young People with Learning Disabilities is an essential and practical resource for helping children with severe and complex learning difficulties, their classmates, their teachers and the schools that they attend. The highly adaptable materials, activities and ideas presented in this book will be useful both in the classroom and in staff training to promote understanding of emotional well-being and mental health of all pupils who may need support. Fox, Laverty and Chowdhury cover a range of topics that engage with the school as a whole, inclusive classrooms and the individual student. Their frameworks and practical suggestions aid teachers to support the well-being and mental health of students in a variety of ways, with material tailored for classrooms and the individual student. Supporting the Emotional Well-being of Children and Young People with Learning Disabilities is a comprehensive resource for teachers and management in special needs schools, recognising current government policies and helping teachers to understand and appropriately engage with students as individuals and as classes.

Supporting the Emotional Well-being of Children and Young People with Learning Disabilities is an essential and practical resource for helping children with severe and complex learning difficulties, their classmates, their teachers and the schools that they attend. The highly adaptable materials, activities and ideas presented in this book will be useful both in the classroom and in staff training to promote understanding of emotional well-being and mental health of all pupils who may need support. Fox, Laverty and Chowdhury cover a range of topics that engage with the school as a whole, inclusive classrooms and the individual student. Their frameworks and practical suggestions aid teachers to support the well-being and mental health of students in a variety of ways, with material tailored for classrooms and the individual student. Supporting the Emotional Well-being of Children and Young People with Learning Disabilities is a comprehensive resource for teachers and management in special needs schools, recognising current government policies and helping teachers to understand and appropriately engage with students as individuals and as classes.

Most previous texts on quantum optics have been written primarily for the graduate student market at PhD level and above. Quantum optics: an introduction aims to introduce a wide range of topics at a lower level suitable for advanced undergraduate and masters level students in physics. The
text is divided into four main parts, covering modern topics in both pure and applied quantum optics: I Introduction and background material. II. Photons. III. Atom-photon interactions. IV. Quantum information processing. The emphasis of the subject development is on intuitive physical
understanding rather than mathematical arguments, although many derivations are included where appropriate. The text includes numerous illustrations, with a particular emphasis on the experimental observations of quantum optical phenomena. Each chapter includes worked examples, together with 10-15
exercises with solutions. Six appendices are included to supplement the main subject material.

This innovative text gives an up-to-date treatment of the optical properties of solid state materials. Traditional core subjects are developed, and many new topics are included that have not previously been covered at this level in any other publication. The book is intended for final year undergraduate students and graduate students in physics.

This concise and accessible book provides a detailed introduction to the fundamental principles of atomic physics at an undergraduate level. Concepts are explained in an intuitive way and the book assumes only a basic knowledge of quantum mechanics and electromagnetism. With a compact format specifically designed for students, the first part of the book covers the key principles of the subject, including the quantum theory of the hydrogen atom, radiative transitions, the shell model of multi-electron atoms, spin-orbit coupling, and the effects of external fields. The second part provides an introduction to the four key applications of atomic physics: lasers, cold atoms, solid-state spectroscopy and astrophysics. This highly pedagogical text includes worked examples and end of chapter problems to allow students to test their knowledge, as well as numerous diagrams of key concepts, making it perfect for undergraduate students looking for a succinct primer on the concepts and applications of atomic physics.

The second edition of this successful textbook provides an up-to-date account of the optical physics of solid state materials. The basic principles of absorption, reflection, luminescence, and light scattering are covered for a wide range of materials, including insulators, semiconductors and metals. The text starts with a review of classical optics, and then moves on to the treatment of optical transition rates by quantum theory. In addition to the traditional discussion of crystalline materials, glasses and molecular solids are also covered.
The first edition included a number of subjects that are not normally covered in standard texts, notably semiconductor quantum wells, molecular materials, vibronic solid state lasers, and nonlinear optics. The basic structure of the second edition is unchanged, but all of the chapters have been updated and improved. Futhermore, a number of important new topics have been added, including:
DT Optical control of spin
DT Quantum dots
DT Plasmonics
DT Negative refraction
DT Carbon nanostructures (graphene, nanotubes and fullerenes)
DT NV centres in diamond
The text is aimed at final year undergraduates, masters students and researchers. It is mainly written for physicists, but might also be useful for electrical engineers, materials scientists and physical chemists. The topics are written in a clear tutorial style with worked examples, chapter summaries and exercises.
To request a copy of the Solutions Manual, visit: http: //global.oup.com/uk/academic/physics/admin/solutions