This collection features four peer-reviewed reviews on restoring degraded forests. The first chapter reviews the restoration of tropical forests, focusing specifically on forest landscape restoration (FLR). It addresses the importance of implementing FLR and provides two detailed case studies to demonstrate this. The chapter concludes with a discussion on the challenges and opportunities in taking FLR forwards. The second chapter considers the importance of exploiting the genetics of tropical tree species for the restoration of tropical forests. The chapter identifies and reviews the available methods to measure genetic diversity and suitability for future plantation establishment, including field trials and molecular markers. The third chapter provides an overview of ecosystem services delivered by tropical agroforestry systems (AFS). The chapter reviews practical approaches for trade-off analysis between ecosystem services and plant biodiversity for better design (or redesign), as well as the sustainable management of AFS. The final chapter discusses how measuring, monitoring and managing the environmental impact of plantation operations are key components in sustainable palm oil production. The chapter examines the operational impacts of oil palm cultivation on biodiversity, as well as how oil palm production can be balanced to ensure forest conservation.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Dependable Software Engineering: Theories, Tools, and Applications, SETTA 2018, held in Beijing, China, in September 2018. The 9 full papers presented together with 3 short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 22 submissions. The purpose of SETTA is to provide an international forum for researchers and practitioners to share cutting-edge advancements and strengthen collaborations in the field of formal methods and its interoperability with software engineering for building reliable, safe, secure, and smart systems.

A vast number of diagnostic and therapeutic decisions are based on measuring blood concentrations of molecules, yet most biochemical and pharmacological events actually take place in the tissues. Microdialysis is a key semi-invasive sampling technique to measure in vivo drug penetration to the target site in humans, the method being feasible in virtually every organ. Authored by international experts in this cutting edge field, this book will provide a comprehensive overview of microdialysis and its application for measuring drug distribution in drug development.

Program analysis is concerned with techniques that automatically determine run-time properties of given programs prior to run-time. It is used for validation in order to ensure that programs serve their intended purpose and in further processing for efficient execution such as in optimizing compilers. Optimal program analysis provides a guarantee about the precision of the computed results.

This monograph, a revised version of the author's habilitation thesis, focusses on optimal flow analysis of sequential and parallel programs. It studies algorithmic properties of various versions of the well-known constant-propagation problem. In order to come to grips with the variants considered, it combines techniques from different areas such as linear algebra, computable ring theory, abstract interpretation, program verification, complexity theory, etc. Combination of techniques is the key to further progress in automatic analysis and constant-propagation allows us to illustrate this point in a theoretical study.

After a general overview, the monograph consists of three essentially self-contained parts that can be read independently of each other. These parts study: a hierarchy of constants in sequential programs, inherent limits of flow analysis of parallel programs, and how to overcome these limits by abandoning a classic atomic execution assumption.

This book presents the verified design of a code generator translating a prototypic real-time programming language to an actual microprocessor, the Inmos Transputer. Unlike most other work on compiler verification, and with particular emphasis on modularity, it systematically covers correctness of translation down to actual machine code, a necessity in the area of safety-critical systems. The formal framework provided as well as the novel proof-engineering ideas incorporated in the verified code generator are also of relevance for software design in general.

Die Umsatzsteuer ist eine "EU-Steuer". Nationales Recht und Unionsrecht sind eng miteinander verzahnt. Nach der EuGH-Entscheidung Akerberg Fransson gelten im gesamten Bereich der Mehrwertsteuer die in der Charta der Grundrechte der EU verankerten Grundrechte. Dazu zahlt auch der unionsrechtliche allgemeine Gleichheitssatz. Der EuGH bezieht sich in mehreren hundert Entscheidungen als Gerechtigkeitspostulat jedoch nicht auf das allgemeine Gleichheitsrecht, sondern auf den "Grundsatz der Neutralitat der Mehrwertsteuer". Gegenstand der Untersuchung ist die Frage, ob geltende Bestimmungen der Mehrwertsteuer-Systemrichtlinie zum Vorsteuerabzug das allgemeine Gleichheitsrecht des Unternehmers verletzen.

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the 21st International Symposium on Static Analysis, SAS 2014, held in Munich, Germany, in September 2014. The 20 revised full papers were selected from 53 submissions and are presented together with 3 invited talks. The papers address all aspects of static analysis, including abstract interpretation, abstract testing, bug detection, data flow analysis, model checking, program transformation, program verification, security analysis, and type checking.

A vast number of diagnostic and therapeutic decisions are based on measuring blood concentrations of molecules, yet most biochemical and pharmacological events actually take place in the tissues. Microdialysis is a key semi-invasive sampling technique to measure in vivo drug penetration to the target site in humans, the method being feasible in virtually every organ. Authored by international experts in this cutting edge field, this book will provide a comprehensive overview of microdialysis and its application for measuring drug distribution in drug development.

This volume contains the proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Veri?cation, Model Checking, and Abstract Interpretation (VMCAI 2009), held in Savannah, Georgia, USA, January 18-20, 2009. VMCAI 2009 was the 10th in a series of meetings. Previous meetings were heldinPortJe?erson1997, Pisa1998, Venice2002, NewYork2003, Venice2004, Paris 2005, Charleston 2006, Nice 2007, and San Francisco 2008. VMCAI centers on state-of-the-art research relevant to analysis of programs and systems and drawn from three research communities: veri?cation, model checking, and abstract interpretation. A goal is to facilitate interaction, cro- fertilization, and the advance of hybrid methods that combine two or all three areas. Topics covered by VMCAI include program veri?cation, program cert- cation, model checking, debugging techniques, abstract interpretation, abstract domains, static analysis, type systems, deductive methods, and optimization. The Program Committee selected 24 papers out of 72 submissions based on anonymous reviews and discussions in an electronic Program Committee me- ing. The principal selection criteria were relevance and quality. VMCAI has a tradition of inviting distinguished speakers to give talks and tutorials. This time the program included three invited talks by: - E. Allen Emerson (University of Texas at Austin) on "Model Checking: Progress and Problems" - Aarti Gupta (NEC Labs, Princeton) on "Model Checking Concurrent Programs" - Mooly Sagiv (Tel-Aviv University) on "Thread Modular Shape Analysis" There were also two invited tutorials by: - Byron Cook (Microsoft Research, Cambridge) on "Proving Program Ter- nation and Liveness" - V eroniqueCortier (LORIA, CNRS, Nancy) on"Veri?cationof Security P- tocols.""

Dem Thema Kundenbindung kommt seit etlichen Jahren in der Unternehmenspraxis wie in der wissenschaftlichen Literatur erhebliche Aufmerksamkeit zu. Dabei wurden bereits za- reiche Bestimmungsfaktoren nachgewiesen, die ein umfangliches Bild von kundenseitigen Determinanten der Kundenbindung zu vermitteln scheinen. Jedoch ist festzustellen, dass die einschlagige Marketingforschung den Potenzialbereich als moglichen Einflussfaktor der K- denbindung zwar nicht vollig vernachlassigt hat, der Aspekt der Kompetenzen von Kunden bislang jedoch kaum beachtet wurde. Die Vernachlassigung unternehmensexterner Kompetenzen von Individuen im Kontext d- ser Arbeit die Kompetenzen von (Privat-) Kunden verwundert vor dem Hintergrund einer volkswirtschaftlichen Entwicklung in Richtung einer Dienstleistungsgesellschaft. Schliesslich ist eines der konstitutiven Merkmale von Dienstleistungen die Einbindung des externen F- tors (also beispielsweise des Kunden) in die Leistungserstellung. Wenn jedoch die Qualitat einer Dienstleistung u. a. davon abhangt, wie die Einbindung der externen Faktoren gelingt, kann die Kompetenz der Kunden zu einer zentralen Determinante fur die Qualitat der Dien- leistung werden. Da verschiedene Arbeiten die wahrgenommene Qualitat einer Leistung uber das Konstrukt der Kundenzufriedenheit als Determinante der Kundenbindung identifizieren, kann ein Zusammenhang zwischen Kundenkompetenzen und Kundenbindung zumindest fur Dienstleistungen vermutet werden. Herr Muller-Martini stellt sich mit der vorliegenden D- sertation die Aufgabe, den Einfluss von Kundenkompetenzen auf Kundenbindung im Kontext mit anderen Determinanten der Kundenbindung zu untersuchen. Hierzu entwickelt der Autor unter Ruckgriff auf okonomische, soziologische und psycholo- sche Erkenntnisse ein interdisziplinares Handlungsmodell zur Modellierung von Kund- verhalten."

"Ambiguous work. Where can we start?", wrote the art historian Oscar Schurer in the historic series Junge Kunst about Pablo Picasso's multi - faceted oeuvre back in 1927. Picasso, who was investigating Surrealism at the time, was regarded as a genius even then - and had another 40 years of creativity before him. The magnificent legacy of a talent which showed twentieth - century art the way forward consists of an almost unimaginable number of paintings, drawings, graphic works, sculp tures and ceramic items. The art historian Markus Muller knows where and above all how we can begin to grasp a multilayered oeuvre like Picasso's. In this newly edited artist monograph he skilfully guides the reader through the virtuoso plethora of styles of Pablo Picasso, explains key works from the various periods and provides a fascinating impression of the bubbling energy of this multi - talented artist. Not least as a result of the author's personal acquaintance with the Picasso family, the archive sect ion of the work promises a number of finds which are seldom on view.

Henry Moore has influenced the history of twentieth - century sculpture more decisively than anyone else. He was one of the first contemporary sculptors to realise his ideas in the public space throughout the world. His oeuvre was a lasting source of inspiration for an entire generation of artists - from Hans Arp, Alberto Giacometti and Pablo Picasso to the younger generation of German sculptors. Henry Moore (1898 - 1 986), known as the "Picasso of Sculpture", is regarded as one of the most important sculptors of the twentieth century and the epitome of the modern artist. Typical of his work is the interrelationship between nature and abstraction. He discovered the "voi ds", so - called openings and holes which heighten the sculptural, three - dimensional effect of his works. With this new approach Moore exercised a strong influence on younger sculptors, who gained decisive impulses from his sculptures. This volume presents M oore as the dominant personality of modern sculpture in collaboration with the members of the younger generation of artists.

Standortvermarktung war bis vor der letzten Jahrtausendwende aus Ressourcengrunden vornehmlich grosseren Standorten vorenthalten. Die Erkenntnis, den eigenen Standort im umkampften Wettbewerb gut zu positionieren und zu vermarkten, ist mittlerweile auch bei kleineren Regionen und Gemeinden angelangt. Die Vermarktungsmechanismen fur kleinere Standorte sind jedoch im Gegensatz zu jenen von Metropolitan-Regionen oder Nationen unterschiedlich. Unternehmen evaluieren heute nach anderen Gesichtspunkten neue Standorte, als sie dies noch vor zehn oder zwanzig Jahren taten. Die rasante Verbreitung des Internets und die damit verbundenen Applikationen tun ein weiteres dazu, dass sich die Kommunikationsregeln innerhalb der letzten Jahre verandert haben. Dazu kommt der Innovationsdruck im offentlichen Umfeld. Innovationen sind ein noch stark vernachlassigtes Feld in der zeitgemassen Standortvermarktung, denn uber Produkt-, Dienstleistungs- oder Prozessinnovationen lassen sich Standorte besser und klarer im Wettbewerb positionieren. Der vorliegende Praxisleitfaden vermittelt wertvolle Tipps, wie Regionen und Gemeinden heute ein gelungenes Standortmarketing aufbauen und betreiben konnen. Ein besonderes Augenmerk wird dabei auf den Einsatz von elektronischen und sozialen Medien gelegt. Zu guter Letzt wird ausfuhrlich beschrieben, wie sich Standorte uber einen kreativen Innovationsprozess Wettbewerbsvorteile erarbeiten konnen.