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Every day millions of children in developing countries face
adversities of many kinds, yet there is a shortage of sound
evidence concerning their plight and an urgent need to identify the
most appropriate and effective policy responses from among the
multiple approaches that exist. This collection of journal papers
aims to engage with researchers and debates in the field so as to
understand better some of the numerous risks confronted by children
in developing countries. It highlights the complexity of protecting
children in various forms of adversity, challenges conventional
wisdom about what protects children, demonstrates why it is
essential to consult with children to protect them successfully,
and suggests that successful protection must be based on strong
empirical understanding of the situation and the perspectives of
children and communities involved. The contributors are all
experienced researchers and practitioners who have worked for many
years with children in developing countries. The book offers
suggestions for reform of current child protection policies, based
on empirical findings around a range of child protection concerns,
including children's work, independent migration, family
separation, early marriage, and military occupation. Together, the
contributions provide a body of knowledge important to humanitarian
and development policy and practice. This book was published as a
special issue of Development in Practice.
Every day millions of children in developing countries face
adversities of many kinds, yet there is a shortage of sound
evidence concerning their plight and an urgent need to identify the
most appropriate and effective policy responses from among the
multiple approaches that exist. This collection of journal papers
aims to engage with researchers and debates in the field so as to
understand better some of the numerous risks confronted by children
in developing countries. It highlights the complexity of protecting
children in various forms of adversity, challenges conventional
wisdom about what protects children, demonstrates why it is
essential to consult with children to protect them successfully,
and suggests that successful protection must be based on strong
empirical understanding of the situation and the perspectives of
children and communities involved. The contributors are all
experienced researchers and practitioners who have worked for many
years with children in developing countries. The book offers
suggestions for reform of current child protection policies, based
on empirical findings around a range of child protection concerns,
including children's work, independent migration, family
separation, early marriage, and military occupation. Together, the
contributions provide a body of knowledge important to humanitarian
and development policy and practice. This book was published as a
special issue of Development in Practice.
The Young Lives project is a long-term study of childhood poverty
in developing countries. International experts follow two groups of
children in poor communities in four countries as they grow into
young adults with five rounds of surveys, interspersed with
on-going participatory research with a smaller number of the
children, planned to cover a period of 15 years. This book
represents the engagement of Young Lives with researchers and
debates in the field, reflecting on the first two rounds of data
coming from Ethiopia, India, Peru and Vietnam, with supporting
material from Tanzania and South Africa. Topics include the ethics
of research, the long-term causes and consequences of childhood
poverty, and the resilience and optimism shown by children and
their families. The authors also look at the dynamics of childhood
poverty -- how and why some families move in and out of poverty as
well as learning, children's timeuse and life transitions --
focusing on children's daily lives, their families and communities.
This book explores children's lives across the Global North and
Global South in the context of academic discussions of childhoods.
The edited volume offers a unique selection of materials suitable
for teaching in the areas of children, childhoods, young people,
families, and education in a global context, as well as specific
aspects of international development and social policy. While the
focus of the project is conceptual rather than practical, the
holistic understanding of childhoods that it encourages should also
enable practitioners to better ensure that they are improving the
lives of the children.
This book explores children's lives across the Global North and
Global South in the context of academic discussions of childhoods.
The edited volume offers a unique selection of materials suitable
for teaching in the areas of children, childhoods, young people,
families, and education in a global context, as well as specific
aspects of international development and social policy. While the
focus of the project is conceptual rather than practical, the
holistic understanding of childhoods that it encourages should also
enable practitioners to better ensure that they are improving the
lives of the children.
This book deals with problems facing children and youth in African
cities today. African populations have high growth rates and,
consequently, relatively high proportions of young people.
Population growth in rural areas has stretched resources leading to
urban migration and a rapid growth of cities. Economies have not
grown apace with the population; and in some countries, economies
have even shrunk. The result is a severe lack of resources in
cities to meet the needs of the growing populations, shown in high
unemployment, inadequate housing, poor services, and often extreme
poverty. All the essays in this book draw attention to such urban
environments, in which children and youth have to live and survive.
The title of this book speaks of negotiating livelihoods. The
concept of 'livelihood' has been adopted to incorporate the social
and physical environment together with people's responses to it. It
considers not only material, but also human and social resources,
including local knowledge and understanding. It, thus, considers
the material means for living in a broader context of social and
cultural interpretation. It, therefore, does not deal only with
material and economic existence, but also with leisure activities,
entertainments and other social forms of life developed by young
people in response to the dictates of the environment. The book
contains country-specific case studies of the problems faced by
youths in many African cities, how they develop means to solve
them, and the various creative ways through which they improve
their status, both economically and socially, in the different
urban spaces. It recognizes the potentials of young people in
taking control of their lives within the constraints imposed upon
them by the society. This book is a valuable contribution to the
field of child and youth development, and a useful tool for
parents, teachers, academics, researchers as well as government and
non government development agencies.
In the context of AIDS and a declining economy, one strategy for
children to ensure their own livelihood is to engage in domestic
employment. Here, Michael Bourdillon presents the findings of
research based on interviews and discussions with child domestic
workers in Zimbabwe. It looks at the circumstances that pushed them
into employment, the hardships and humiliations they face therein,
as well as the benefits they derive, including, in some cases,
education. Most children wanted improvements in their living and
working conditions. They did not want to be stopped from working,
perceiving that this would worsen their already harsh lives. While
child domestic wok is problematic, and often lays children open to
various types of abuse, it can also offer critical support and
patronage to very disadvantaged children.
Drawing on stories elicited from women and children living on the
streets, particularly girls, this book considers why girls live
their lives and work on the city streets. It discusses what happens
to them when they do so, what mechanisms they adopt to cope, the
support they receive, and how they adjust to other ways of life. It
outlines common perceptions of street children, what may be done to
improve their lot, and some existing intervention programmes.
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