Internet and web technology penetrates many aspects of our daily life. Its importance as a medium for business transactions will grow exponentially during the next few years. In terms of the involved market volume, the B2B area will hereby be the most interesting area. Also, it will be the place, where the new technology will lead to drastic changes in established customer relationships and business models. In an era where open and flexible electronic commerce provides new types of services to its users, simple 1-1 connections will be replaced by n-m relationships between customers and vendors.
This new flexibility in electronic trading will generate serious challenges. The main problem stems from the heterogeneity of information descriptions used by vendors and customers, creating problems in both manual trading and in direct 1-1 electronic trading. In the case of B2B market places, it becomes too serious to be neglected. Product descriptions, catalog formats and business documents are often unstructured and non-standardized. Intelligent solutions that mechanize the structuring, standardizing, aligning, and personalizing process are a key requisite for successfully overcoming the current bottlenecks of B2B electronic commerce while enabling its further growth. Intelligent Information Integration in B2B Electronic Commerce discusses the main problems of information integration in this area and sketches several technological solution paths.
Intelligent Information Integration in B2B Electronic Commerce is designed to meet the needs of a professional audience composed of researchers and practitioners in industry and graduate level students in Computer Science.

How does your level of education affect your lifetime earnings profile? Will economic development lead to increased environmental degradation? How does the participation of women in the labor force differ across countries? How do college scholarship rules affect savings? Students come to economics wanting answers to questions like these. While these questions span different disciplines within economics, the methods used to address them draw on a common set of mathematical tools and techniques. The second edition of Mathematical Methods for Economics continues the tradition of the first edition by successfully teaching these tools and techniques through presenting them in conjunction with interesting and engaging economic applications. In fact, each of the questions posed above is the subject of an application in Mathematical Methods for Economics. The applications in the text provide students with an understanding of the use of mathematics in economics, an understanding that is difficult for students to grasp without numerous explicit examples. The applications also motivate the study of the material, develop mathematical comprehension and hone economic intuition. Mathematical Methods for Economics presents you with an opportunity to offer each economics major a resource that will enhance his or her education by providing tools that will open doors to understanding.

At the beginning of this century, the state of surgical technique only provided for concepts with an extracardial approach to therapy of coronary heart dis eases. Decreasing the heart activity by means of denervating the heart or thyr oidectomy, resulting in a reduction of the heart's oxygen demand, was strived at. Later, the progress of clinical surgery at the closed beating heart allowed for procedures with myocardial access. In this historical stage of indirect revascu larisation, a compensation was supposed to be stimulated operatively by pro viding an adhesion to the surrounding organs or by manipulating the larger heart veins. The simple ligation of the Arteria thoracica interna in the middle third of its course - intended to increase the perfusion of pericardial branches - is based on the fundamental ignorance or misunderstanding of the haemody namic laws. The first intervention to reach temporary popularity was the im plantation of the Arteria thoracica interna into the left ventricular myocardial wall. This so-called "Vineberg procedure" was not very risky and did show some permanent improvements with respect to the patient's complaints or even the prognosis. However, this procedure has been almost completely aban doned, despite the fact that some positive long-term courses have been docu mented. Other indirect revascularisation procedures carried out in the fifties, e. g."

Internet and web technology penetrates many aspects of our daily life. Its importance as a medium for business transactions will grow exponentially during the next few years. In terms of the involved market volume, the B2B area will hereby be the most interesting area. Also, it will be the place, where the new technology will lead to drastic changes in established customer relationships and business models. In an era where open and flexible electronic commerce provides new types of services to its users, simple 1-1 connections will be replaced by n-m relationships between customers and vendors. This new flexibility in electronic trading will generate serious challenges. The main problem stems from the heterogeneity of information descriptions used by vendors and customers, creating problems in both manual trading and in direct 1-1 electronic trading. In the case of B2B market places, it becomes too serious to be neglected. Product descriptions, catalog formats and business documents are often unstructured and non-standardized. Intelligent solutions that mechanize the structuring, standardizing, aligning, and personalizing process are a key requisite for successfully overcoming the current bottlenecks of B2B electronic commerce while enabling its further growth. Intelligent Information Integration in B2B Electronic Commerce discusses the main problems of information integration in this area and sketches several technological solution paths. Intelligent Information Integration in B2B Electronic Commerce is designed to meet the needs of a professional audience composed of researchers and practitioners in industry and graduate level students in Computer Science.

Der Band dokumentiert anhand sehr vielfaltiger Publikationsformate in sieben thematischen Bloecken Rene Koenig als akademischen Lehrer und in seiner Bedeutung fur die Neukonstituierung der Soziologie in Deutschland nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg. Die abgedruckten Texte spannen sich von der Wahrnehmung und Deutung Deutschlands in der unmittelbaren Nachkriegszeit, uber Reflexionen zur Rolle der entstehenden sozialwissenschaftlichen Intelligenz, zu Beitragen zur beginnenden Professionalisierung der Soziologie und der Entwicklung der Lehre. Eine Auswahl signifikanter Beitrage aus der umfangreichen Rezensionstatigkeit Rene Koenigs zu Buchern und Publikationsreihen, die fur die Konstitution der Soziologie von Belang sind, runden den Band ab. Der abschliessende Block versammelt 49 Vignetten zu Zeitgenossen, sowie Wurdigungen von und Nachrufe auf Kollegen und Freunde. Vor allem hierin scheint nochmals der Kosmos der intellektuellen Verflechtungen und der freundschaftlichen wie kritischen Beziehungen Rene Koenigs auf und verbindet sich so auch zu einer impliziten Soziologie des Soziologen.

Nationale Identitat ist ein schillernder Begriff. Mit ihm werden sowohl individuelle und kollektive Selbst- und Fremdbilder als auch vermeintliche und tatsachliche Gemeinsamkeiten beschrieben. Er durchdringt auf vielerlei Weise das Denken und Handeln im sozialen Kontext und ist zugleich doch wissenschaftlich schwer zu fassen. Michael Klein verfolgt das Ziel, die nationale Identitat der Deutschen am Beginn des 21. Jahrhunderts aus einer soziologischen Perspektive zu skizzieren. Um die vielfaltigen Facetten des Konzepts nationaler Identitat abzubilden, fuhrt er hierfur drei unterschiedliche theoretische Zugange zusammen. Neben dem nationalen Commitment der Deutschen stehen die sozialen Grenzkonstruktionen und die vorherrschenden Wertorientierungen im Fokus des Forschungsprogramms. Drei Leitfragen bilden das Gerust fur eine empirisch gestutzte Diskussion der gegenwartigen nationalen Identitat der Deutschen: Wie deutsch fuhlen sich die Deutschen heute? Was, glauben die Deutschen, ist heute deutsch? Und was ist heute tatsachlich deutsch? "