Current Topics in Medical Mycology, which is a new annual series published by Springer-Verlag, is intended to summarize current topics in medical mycology for medical mycologists and other scientists who are work- ing in microbiology and immunology. Topics to be in- cluded in each year's volume will serve as contemporary reviews, summaries of current advancements and future directions, and mechanisms to enhance the interdiscipli- nary use of medically important fungi in the areas of pathogenesis, epidemiology, mycotoxins, taxonomy, and other areas where basic, applied, and clinical science are used. Michael R. McGinnis Contents ix Contributors 1 Pathology of the Mycoses in Patients with the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) FRANCIS W. CHANDLER 1 Composition and Structure of Yeast Cell 2 Walls 24 GRAHAM H. FLEET 3 Animal Models for Candidiasis M. NEAL GUENTZEL, GARRY T. COLE, and 57 LEODOCIA M. POPE 4 Dermatophyte Antigens and Cell-Mediated Immunity in Dermatophytosis 117 TAAVIKAAMAN 5 Natural Cell-Mediated Resistance Against Cryptococcus neoformans: A Possible Role for Natural Killer (NK) Cells J UNEANN W. M URPHY 135 6 Biotyping of Medically Important Fungi FRANK C. ODDS 155 7 Characterization of Protein and Mannan Polysaccharide Antigens of Yeasts, Moulds, and Actinomycetes ERROL REISS, MILTON HUPPERT, and ROBERT CHERNIAK 172 Contents viii The Changing Epidemiology and Emerging 8 Patterns of Dermatophyte Species 208 JOHN WILLARD RIPPON 9 Paracoccidioides brasiliensis: Cell Wall Glucans, Pathogenicity, and Dimorphism GIOCONDA SAN-BLAS 235 10 The Role of Zinc in Candida Dimorphism 258 DAvID R. SOLL 11 Killer Yeasts REED B.

Current Topics in Medical Mycology, is intended to summarize current research areas in medical mycology for medical my- cologists and other scientists who are working in microbiology and immunology. Topics to be included in each volume will serve as contemporary reviews, summaries of current advance- ments and future directions, and mechanisms to enhance the interdisciplinary use of medically important fungi in under- standing pathogenesis, epidemiology, mycotoxins, taxonomy, and other areas where basic, applied, and clinical sciences are used. Michael R. McGinnis v Contents Series Preface v Contributors ix Ultrastructural Correlates of Antimycotic Treatment MARCEL BORGERS 2 Soluble Polysaccharides of Cryptococcus neoformans ROBERT CHERNIAK 40 3 Tinea Imbricata RODERICK J. HAY 55 4 Adhesion and Association Mechanisms of Candida albicans MICHAEL J. KENNEDY 73 5 Peptide Transport in Candida albicans: Implications for the Development of Antifungal Agents FRED NAIDER and JEFFREY M. BECKER 170 6 Epidemiology of Coccidioidomycosis DEMOSTHENES PAPPAGIANIS 199 7 Immune Response to Paracoccidioides brasiliensis in Human and Animal Hosts ANGELA RESTREPO M. 239 vii Vlll Contents 8 Morphogenetic Transformation of Fungi MAXWELL G. SHEPHERD 278 9 Epidemiology of Nosocomial Fungal Infections DAVID J. WEBER and WILLIAM A. RUTALA 305 Melanins and Their Importance in 10 Pathogenic Fungi MICHAEL H. WHEELER and ALOIS A. BELL 338 11 Cytochrome P-450 of Fungi: Primary Target for Azole Antifungal Agents Yuzo YOSHIDA 388 Index 419 Contributors JEFFREY M. BECKER, Ph.D.

Current Topics in Medical Mycology, is intended to summa- rize current research areas in medical mycology for medical mycologists and other scientists who are working in micro- biology and immunology. Topics to be included in each volume will serve as contemporary reviews, summaries of current advancements and future directions, and mecha- nisms to enhance the interdisciplinary use of medically im- portant fungi in understanding pathogenesis, epidemiology, mycotoxins, taxonomy, and other areas where basic, ap- plied, and clinical sciences are used. Michael R. McGinnis Marcel Borgers v Contents v Series Preface Contributors ix 1 Animal Models for Dermatomycotic Infections JAN VAN CUTSEM 1 2 Vaccines for the Management of Dermatophyte and Superficial Yeast Infections ESTHER SEGAL 36 3 Tissue-Bound Immunity: A Mechanism of Can- dacidal Activity HISASHI TAKAHASHI, KENICHIRO CHIKAKANE, MAsARU OKUDA, MARIKO HATANO, MANABU HOSHINO, OSAMU KANEKO, and YOKO KAWA 50 4 Rhinosporidiosis MERANI THIANPRASIT and KLEOPHANT THAGERNGPOL 64 Pathogenesis of Candida Vulvovaginitis 5 JACK D. SOBEL 86 6 Control of Extension of the Hyphal Apex NEIL A. R. Gow 109 7 Epidemiology and Ecology of Pityriasis Versicolor JAN FAERGEMANN 153 8 Fungal Cell Wall Synthesis and Assembly JOSE RUIZ-HERRERA, RAFAEL SENTANDREU 168 vii viii Contents 9 Lipids and Lipoidal Mycotoxins of Fungi MICHAEL A. GEALT, ABBAS ABDOLLAHI, and JOSEPH L.