Originally published in 1991, this book opens with a theoretical and historical section and analyses the affairs of both the communist party and the trade unions of specific European countries. The first part of the book deals with cases of communist strength, where the communist part had close links with a particular trade union (France, Italy, Spain). The second part looks at cases where social democracy dominated the Left (Belgium, The Netherlands and the UK). Two further essays examine developments in the 1980s in Hungary and Poland.

Originally published in 1994, this volume analyses the relationship between political parties and trade unions in Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary and Bulgaria. Political parties had high visibility in the changes that took place in Eastern Europe during the 1980s and early 1990s. Far less visible were the developments in the trade union sphere, where the old 'mass organizations' of the communist period, now independent, were joined by newly-formed organizations, and both played a central role in politics.

When a totalitarian group seizes power, one of the first institutions it creates is a secret political police. Since the birth of modern totalitarianism, in country after country, secret political police have been the predominant instruments of power, used to consolidate power, neutralize the opposition, and erect a one-party state. Yet, when these same totalitarian regimes have liberalized or collapsed, the secret political police have often managed to survive and even remain relevant. Dismantling Tyranny: Transitioning Beyond Totalitarian Regimes provides a groundbreaking exploration of this survival tendency in seven formerly communist regimes in the former Soviet Union and Latin America - and the lessons these transformations hold for future democratic revolutions. But Dismantling Tyranny is also much more: it is a guidebook designed to empower, inform, and guide future transitions toward democracy for those political leaders with the initiative, and courage, to embark upon such a visionary path. Published in cooperation with the American Foreign Policy Council.

First published in 1986. This is a collection of editorial and articles covering military Marxist regimes in the African locations of the Horn of Africa, Benin, the People's Republic of Congo, Madagascar, and Burkina Faso.

This introductory text, written by an established authority on communist and post-communist politics, describes how Vladimir Putin has turned to those with backgrounds in the military and security structures to provide stability in today's Russian Federation, following the democratising reforms of Gorbachev and the ensuing instability of the Yeltsin presidency. Against the background of an increasing authoritarianism, which has restored features of the Soviet political system, it examines the attempts by social and economic groups to assert themselves against the state using embryonic democratic forms that fall far short of pluralism. The book's fourteen chapters offer an exceptionally broad coverage. It will appeal to first- and second-year students in higher education, but its deliberately accessible style will also make it attractive to sixth-form students and the general reader. -- .

Political Loyalty and the Nation-State examines the gradual weakening of the state's ability to order the political allegiances of its subjects. At the focal centre of the book lies the question of the extent to which it is possible to invest political principles, such as the rules and procedures of democracy, with a sentiment of loyalty and whether political loyalty can become merely a matter of choice and personal responsibility. The authors consider theoretical issues, problems of loyalty arising from population movement and case studies of conflicts of loyalty from Italy, Northern Ireland, and Russia. It is shown that loyalty can become decoupled from state, territory and nation; that loyalties can be multiple; and that today's loyalties reflect advanced attitudes towards difference.

Political Loyalty and the Nation-State examines the gradual weakening of the state's ability to order the political allegiances of its subjects. At the focal centre of the book lies the question of the extent to which it is possible to invest political principles, such as the rules and procedures of democracy, with a sentiment of loyalty and whether political loyalty can become merely a matter of choice and personal responsibility. The authors consider theoretical issues, problems of loyalty arising from population movement and case studies of conflicts of loyalty from Italy, Northern Ireland, and Russia. It is shown that loyalty can become decoupled from state, territory and nation; that loyalties can be multiple; and that today's loyalties reflect advanced attitudes towards difference.

The crisis in Kosovo raised many questions concerning the nature of war and international relations in a world which is now unipolar but marked by a growing role for transnational organizations. This work examines both the escalation of the Kosovo conflict to a full-scale war and the aftermath of that war. It looks at the origins and implications of the Kosovo conflict in two stages: part one deals with the background and history of the conflict. Part two gives diverse opinions on NATO's attack on Yugoslavia and the consequent occupation of Kosovo by KFOR. There is also a separate section of documents relating to Kosovo, and a chronology of events.

This book addresses the nature of factionalism in parties that are created or rebuilt after a period of dictatorship. It maintains that, while party leaders often view factions in negative terms as divisive, factional behaviour can also be constructive. The volume brings together detailed case studies from post-authoritarian Spain, Greece and Portugal, from Turkey (where factionalism has hampered democratization) and from the post-communist states in Eastern Europe.

Factional Politics and Democratization addresses the nature of factionalism in parties that are created or rebuilt after a period of dictatorship. It maintains that, while party leaders often view factions in negative terms as divisive, factional behaviour can be constructive and can contribute to the building of political parties as viable electoral organizations. Factionalism as a process involves fusion as well as fission. The volume brings together detailed case studies from post-authoritarian Spain, Greece and Portugal, from Turkey (where factionalism has hampered democratization) and from the post-communist states of Poland, Hungary, Bulgaria and the Czech Republic. Several chapters provide comparative analysis which goes beyond a particular party or national experience. Together with introductory and concluding chapters, this combination of case studies and comparative analysis provides pointers to what is generalizable and what is specific to particular cases. Equally, the book offers a framework within which further studies of party factionalism in the context of democratization may be undertaken.

This book examines the fortunes of social democracy since 1989 in the former GDR, Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic and Slovakia, setting the analysis in a broader European framework, and relating the current problems of social democracy in western Europe to developments in the east of the continent.

First published in 1986. This is a collection of editorial and articles covering military Marxist regimes in the African locations of the Horn of Africa, Benin, the People's Republic of Congo, Madagascar, and Burkina Faso.

The crisis in Kosovo raised many questions concerning the nature of war and international relations in a world which is now unipolar but marked by a growing role for transnational organizations. This work examines both the escalation of the Kosovo conflict to a full-scale war and the aftermath of that war. It looks at the origins and implications of the Kosovo conflict in two stages: part one deals with the background and history of the conflict. Part two gives diverse opinions on NATO's attack on Yugoslavia and the consequent occupation of Kosovo by KFOR. There is also a separate section of documents relating to Kosovo, and a chronology of events.

If you have felt a need to connect to something greater than yourself ... a longing to find meaning to life ... a yearning to discover a sanctuary of serenity and peace ... a hunger to have your heart and soul touched by that Divine love that brings comfort to life ... a passionate desire to have a closer relationshp with God and Christ, then this book is for you. The book provides intuitive insight into the art of talking to Christ, and introduces you to Christian Mysticism, which encompasses all those who long for intimate communion with God through Christ. This form of mysticism is not based on eastern religions or occultism; rather, it is a vital part of the Christian heritage and the very core of spirituality. When Jesus said, "I and the Father are one," (Jn. 10:30), Christian mysticism is about achieving that same transforming union. The Art of Talking to Christ will show you how to develop a more rewarding spiritual experience, obtain a higher sense of awareness through connecting with the Divine Source, and help you realize that the Power is within you to achieve this. It makes no difference what your religious background or beliefs are, Christian mysticism is universal, available to all, and is the spiritual path to finding true joy and ecstasy. This book will serve as a guide on your journey towards that goal. I wish you well along the way. "You need not go to Heaven to see Christ or regale yourself with Christ. Nor do you need to speak out loud, as if He were far away. Nor do you need wings like a dove so as to fly far to Him. Settle yourself in solitude, and you will come upon Christ in yourself for the Kingdom of Heaven is within. Then treat Him as your Father and relate your troubles and concerns to Him. Those who can in this manner shut themselves up in the little Heaven of their own hearts, where He dwells who made Heaven and Earth, let them be sure that they walk in the most excellent of ways, on the path with the Christ. In my first book, "Are You an Indigo? Discover Your Authentic Self" I discussed discovering your authentic self and the importance of reconnecting to the Divine Source. I wrote about how critical it is to become aware of the difference between your Ego and your Authentic Self. It is this awareness that you are not your Ego and the knowledge of your authentic self that enables you to tap into the power within, realizing that you are already a part of the divine and not separated. As Jesus said, "I am in you, you are in me and I am in the Father, whatever I can do, you can do greater." As one becomes more aware of the real reality, when the unreal becomes more real, the veil is pulled back and there is a sense of longing for "home." In "Are You an Indigo," I wrote about the desire to become more like Christ in your life and how a transformation can take place to bring you to that state of being. All it takes is that desire, a true honest desire to return back to the divine nature of where we all came from. This book is a nature extension of those writings. This book is the next step on the path for those travelers seeking to return home while still walking on this earth."

In this vital book, thirteen experts in public diplomacy, counterpropaganda and political warfare lay out the components of what the U.S. and its allies need to win the war of ideas around the world. Strategic influence is much more than strategic communication. Communicating with others has somehow become a goal in itself, when the real issue is influence - to modify the perceptions, attitudes, and most of all, the behavior of people, movements and governments around the world. This book is designed for the diplomat, intelligence officer, warfighter and policymaker.

The Public Diplomacy Reader is a 500-page compendium of intellectual and practical tools for the cross-cultural communicator. Designed for students, diplomats, military officers, intelligence professionals and other practitioners, the Reader is meant to be used as an instrument and guide in waging the war of ideas. Naval War College Professor of Strategy Carnes Lord describes The Public Diplomacy Reader as "a unique and outstanding compilation of materials on public diplomacy." Former Voice of America Director Robert R. Reilly says the book "brings the wealth of experience and knowledge" of an experienced public diplomacy practitioner to "both students and anyone wishing to win 'the war of ideas.'" The Public Diplomacy Reader is edited by J. Michael Waller, the Walter and Leonore Annenberg Professor of International Communication at The Institute of World Politics in Washington, D.C., and author of the ground-breaking 2007 book, Fighting the War of Ideas like a Real War.

The Public Diplomacy Reader is a 500-page compendium of intellectual and practical tools for the cross-cultural communicator. Designed for students, diplomats, military officers, intelligence professionals and other practitioners, the Reader is meant to be used as an instrument and guide in waging the war of ideas. Naval War College Professor of Strategy Carnes Lord describes The Public Diplomacy Reader as "a unique and outstanding compilation of materials on public diplomacy." Former Voice of America Director Robert R. Reilly says the book "brings the wealth of experience and knowledge" of an experienced public diplomacy practitioner to "both students and anyone wishing to win 'the war of ideas.'" The Public Diplomacy Reader is edited by J. Michael Waller, the Walter and Leonore Annenberg Professor of International Communication at The Institute of World Politics in Washington, D.C., and author of the ground-breaking 2007 book, Fighting the War of Ideas like a Real War.

An innovative re-examination of how the US and its allies should fight the battle of ideas. This book focuses on message strategies that the US should pursue for the immediate term to win the war against Islamist extremism. The author is a professor at The Institute of World Politics in Washington, DC, who directs a graduate program on public diplomacy and political warfare. His students include officials from the Defense Department, State Department, CIA, FBI, DIA, and other agencies.

The Use of Electric Batteries for Civil Aircraft Applications is a comprehensive and focused collection of SAE International technical papers, covering both the past and the present of the efforts to develop batteries that can be specifically installed in commercial aircraft. Recently, major commercial aircraft manufacturers started investigating the possibility of using Li-Ion batteries at roughly the same time that the military launched their first applications. As industry events unfolded, the FAA and committees from RTCA and SAE continued efforts to create meaningful standards for the design, testing, and certification of Li-Ion battery systems for commercial aviation. The first document issued was RTCA DO-311 on Mar. 13, 2008. As the industry continues to develop concepts and designs for the safe utilization of the new Li-Ion battery systems, many are already working on designs for all-electric aircraft, and small two-seat training aircraft are currently flying. The challenges for an all-electric, transport category aircraft will be significant, and the battery design ranks as one of the greatest. The more energy that is packaged into a small area to provide for the propulsion requirements, the more stringent are the design parameters and mitigation methodologies needed to make the system safe. The success or failure of this endeavor lies squarely on the shoulders of the engineers and scientists developing these new systems, and places additional pressure on the regulatory agencies to acquire the relevant knowledge for the creation of minimum operational performance standards for them. Edited by Michael Waller, an industry veteran, The Use of Electric Batteries for Civil Aircraft Applications, is a must-read for those interested in the new power generation making its way into commercial aircraft.

Larger airframes drove the development of electrical systems, capable of quickly and reliably starting the new higher power engines. These soon gave rise to the need for engine-mounted electrical generators as the primary source of in-flight power for the electrical loads and onboard recharging of the aircraft battery system. Of all the backup power sources, batteries represent the most common means of storing energy for auxiliary or emergency power requirements. It is not unusual for a typical commercial airliner, such as a B-737 or A-320, to have dozens of batteries on board. Over time, multiple battery chemistries were put to the test and the industry is still working on the optimal option. The lithium-ion technology has been gaining acceptance, with some important aspects to be considered: the application type, basic safety requirements and the presence or absence of humans on the vehicle. The Electrification of Civil Aircraft and the Evolution of Energy Storage, edited by Michael Waller, presents 10 seminal SAE technical papers which address multiple aspects of specific design, cell configuration and mitigation strategies in the case of battery failure. Additionally, with all the changes resulting from monitoring, control, and performance/safety test criteria, battery manufacturers have found themselves becoming systems integrators, having to quickly acquire knowledge of electronics and system modeling. As new technologies become available, industry will attempt to take advantage of all potential benefits, in a process that can have a profound impact on the product offerings that emerge and in the way business is conducted. The Electrification of Civil Aircraft and the Evolution of Energy Storage presents a solid perspective on how civil aviation has matured in its quest to develop lighter, more efficient and less polluting aircraft, and also more electric.