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One striking weaknesses of our financial architecture, which helped
bring on and perhaps deepen the Panic of 2008, is an inadequate
appreciation of the past. Information about how the system
functioned and the reliability of organizations and institutional
controls were drawn from a relatively narrow group of recent
examples. History and Financial Crisis: Lessons from the 20th
Century is an attempt to broaden the range of historical sources
used by policy makers to understand and treat financial crises.
Many recent discussions of the 2008 panic and the economic turmoil
have found the situation to either be unprecedented or greatly
similar to that of 1931. However, the book's wide range of
contributors suggest that the economic crisis of 2008 cannot be
categorised in this way. This book was originally published as a
special issue of Business History.
From the colonial era to 1914, America was a debtor nation in
international accounts-owing more to foreigners than foreigners
owed to us. By 1914 it was the world's largest debtor nation. Mira
Wilkins provides the first complete history of foreign investment
in the United States during that period. The book shows why the
United States was attractive to foreign investors and traces the
changing role of foreign capital in the nation's development,
covering both portfolio and direct investment. The immense new wave
of foreign investment in the United States today, and our return to
the status of a debtor nation-once again the world's largest debtor
nation-makes this strong exposition far more than just historically
interesting. Wilkins reviews foreign portfolio investments in
government securities (federal, state, and local) and in corporate
stocks and bonds, as well as foreign direct investments in land and
real estate, manufacturing plants, and even such service-sector
activities as accounting, insurance, banking, and mortgage lending.
She finds that between 1776 and 1875, public-sector securities
(principally federal and state securities) drew in the most
long-term foreign investment, whereas from 1875 to 1914 the private
sector was the main attraction. The construction of the American
railroad system called on vast portfolio investments from abroad;
there was also sizable direct investment in mining, cattle
ranching, the oil industry, the chemical industry, flour
production, and breweries, as well as the production of rayon,
thread, and even submarines. In addition, there were foreign stakes
in making automobile and electrical and nonelectrical machinery.
America became the leading industrial country of the world at the
very time when it was a debtor nation in world accounts.
American Business Abroad: Ford on Six Continents documents the
first sixty years of Ford Motor Company's international expansion.
Ford Motor Company introduced Americans to the first affordable
car. Based on Ford's extraordinary company archives, this book
traces the company's rise as a multinational enterprise. Following
the export of the sixth car produced by the company, Ford opened
its first plant abroad in its second year of business and quickly
expanded around the world, building a business that by the mid
1920s spanned six continents. It faced wars, nationalism, numerous
government restrictions and all the perils of operating across
borders. First published in 1964, this book has lasting value in
reminding readers of the long and uneven path of globalization.
This new edition includes a new introduction by the author
examining the impact and legacy of the study. It remains a major
contribution to global economic history. In addition, Ford's
history offers useful lessons today for both participants in the
global economy and students of international business.
American Business Abroad: Ford on Six Continents documents the
first sixty years of Ford Motor Company's international expansion.
Ford Motor Company introduced Americans to the first affordable
car. Based on Ford's extraordinary company archives, this book
traces the company's rise as a multinational enterprise. Following
the export of the sixth car produced by the company, Ford opened
its first plant abroad in its second year of business and quickly
expanded around the world, building a business that by the mid
1920s spanned six continents. It faced wars, nationalism, numerous
government restrictions and all the perils of operating across
borders. First published in 1964, this book has lasting value in
reminding readers of the long and uneven path of globalization.
This new edition includes a new introduction by the author
examining the impact and legacy of the study. It remains a major
contribution to global economic history. In addition, Ford's
history offers useful lessons today for both participants in the
global economy and students of international business.
How is --- or was --- business organized over borders? The book offers an historical background. It explores the history and development of the 'free-standing company'. These were compannies, distinct from the classic multinational enterprise, established to organize and to manage business abroad for a European or North American parent company. These firms proliferated in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, a period of extraordinary globalization. Leading international scholars --- economists and historians --- provide evidence on and analysis of the operations of free-standing companies in different parts of the world from 1830 to 1996.
This book examines how multinational enterprises and international
finance influenced the course of electrification around the world.
Multinational enterprises played a crucial role in the spread of
electric light and power from the 1870s through the first three
decades of the twentieth century. Their role did not persist, as
over time they exited through domestication (buy-outs,
confiscations, or other withdrawals), so that by 1978 multinational
enterprises in this sector had all but disappeared, replaced by
electrical utility providers with national business structures.
Yet, in recent years, there has been a vigorous revival. This book,
a unique cooperative effort by the three authors and a group of
experts from many countries, offers a fresh analysis of the history
of multinational enterprise, taking an integrative approach, not
simply comparing national electrification experiences, but
supplying a truly global account.
This book examines how multinational enterprises and international
finance influenced the course of electrification around the world.
Multinational enterprises played a crucial role in the spread of
electric light and power from the 1870s through the first three
decades of the twentieth century. However, their role did not
persist, and by 1978 multinational enterprises in this sector had
all but disappeared, replaced by electrical utility providers with
national business structures. Yet, in recent years, there has been
a vigorous revival. This book, a co-operative effort by the three
authors and a group of experts from many countries, offers an
analysis of the history of multinational enterprise. The authors
take an integrated approach, not simply comparing national
electrification experiences, but supplying a truly global account.
This book, the product of a unique international scholarly
collaboration sponsored jointly by the American Council of Learned
Societies and the Soviet Academy of Sciences, provides a
comprehensive survey on international banking from 1870 to 1914. In
that period international investment reached dimensions previously
unknown, and the banking systems of the world achieved a degree of
internationalization without precedent. The book's authors,
twenty-five scholars from fifteen countries, are the acknowledged
experts in their fields. They detail the origin and development of
internationally oriented banks in each major country, and explain
their role in foreign investment and industrial finance. They look
at all areas of the world that were involved in international
investment, either as investors, recipients of investment, or both.
The definitive work on international banking from 1870 to 1914,
this book will interest scholars and students in financial and
banking history, bankers and economists in the finanical industry,
and general historians.
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Paperback
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R398
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Discovery Miles 3 300
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