The Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) gathers data through the sensor nodes from an area of interest and then processes it. The performance of WSN is, however, constrained by limited energy supply, requirement for collision free channel access and low bandwidth. This book focuses on the network layer of the OSI model and investigates some of the existing cluster-based hierarchical protocols. One of the problems of the existing algorithms is that the generated clusters are not uniformly distributed. Moreover, the optimum number of cluster formation is not guaranteed. We have proposed a hierarchical cluster-based algorithm called Iterative Cluster Formation (ICF). ICF forms the clusters iteratively and ensures a more uniform distribution of the cluster heads. ICF manages to control the placement of the cluster heads and guarantees an optimum number of cluster heads. ICF pursues a hierarchical clustering scheme which lowers the number of high-range transmission. Simulation results show that ICF performs better than the existing cluster-based protocols in terms of reducing the energy dissipation and increasing the network lifetime significantly.