The purpose of this research is to investigate various factors affecting Earning per Share and Return on Capital Employed. In this study an attempt has been made to determine what factors can affect firm value or not?. Different theorists argue differently regarding components of capital structure such as debt, equity and preferred stock on firm value. In this study this relationship has been empirically evidenced in the sugar industry companies listed on Lahore Stock Exchange. This study investigates the relationship of Short Term Debt, Long Term Debt, Equity, Firm Size and Tangibility of Assets with Earning per Share (EPS) and Return on Capital Employed (ROCE) using Simple and Multi Linear Regression Models. The data that has been collected from financial statement of companies related to sugar industry of Pakistan listed on Lahore Stock Exchange.

A Valley of lush green meadows strewn with an amazing variety of wild alpine flowers which support rich and spectacular plant biodiversity of great scientific curiosity and promising economic values. This work based on the results of a project conducted in the remote West Himalayan region of Palas Valley, in order to evaluate and analyze medicinal flora of the area. Survey was carried out in 2006 which reveals 64 plant species belonging to 46 families and 59 genera, under ethnomedicinal utility by the local inhabitants of Palas Valley. Among these 35 were herbs, 12 shrubs, 13 trees and 4 climbers. Most plant species are used for different ailments and have significant role in the primary health care of the area. It was concluded from research that Sustainable medicinal plants collection and conservation practices are strongly desirable. The long term management and sustainable use of theses important and globally rich plant resources will provide livelihood security of the targeted community for present and future generations of the area.

The botanical expeditions to change Valley, District Shangla, Pakistan, were made during April 2004 to September 2005. The main aim of the study was to explore plant biodiversity of the area. The study documented 172 plant species, distributed across 65 families and 139 genera. Pteridophytes were represented by 7species and 5 genera, belonging to 4 families. Gymnosperms consisted of 7 species of 6 genera belonging to 2 families. Angiosperms were represented by 59 families; of these 143 species of 116 genera in 53 families were dicots, while 15 species of 13 genera in 7 families were monocots. The most important and prominent families in terms of species diversity were Rosaceae (18 species), Lamiaceae (13 species), Asteraceae (10 species) and Poaceae (7 species). The Plant Biodiversity of the area is under heavy biotic pressure of grazing, fuel wood collection, deforestation, habitat fragmentation, medicinal plants collection, over consumption of resources and spread of alien invasive species. The lack of an efficient environmental legislation, awareness and education are root causes which enhance the loss of plant biodiversity in the area.

A comprehensive study was carried out during 2004- 2005 to elaborate the species diversity of medicinal flora of Changa Valley. The Study revealed that 41 medicinal plants, belonging to 30 families are used for various ailments. Out of which only two species belong to Pteridophytes. Herbs with 27 species were found to be the most used life forms followed by trees with 6 species, shrubs with 5 species and Climbers with 2 species in descending order. These plants resources have great ethanobotanical importance, especially used for curing various ailments through indigenous system of medicine. Some important medcinal plants of the area are Berberis lycium, Podopyllum hexandrum, Paeonia emodi, Viola serpense, valeriana jatamansi, Geranium wallichianum, Polygonatum verticillatum which are frequently used for tradition health care in the area but over collection and exploitation is one of the reason which have threatened certain species. There is override need of awareness program among the local community to protect the sustainable use of medicinal plants in the Valley.