Analyses evolving doctrines and new and disruptive technologies (including nuclear deterrence), and how these impact the conflict dynamics between India and Pakistan. Evaluates the ways and means by which crisis and deterrence stability is achieved between India and Pakistan. Will help to predict future course of conflicts and offer a future policy framework for arms race / deterrence stability.

Naswar is a Smokeless Tobacco Product (STP) widely used in Pakistan. It has been correlated with oral and esophageal cancer in recent clinical studies. The toxic effects associated with S.T.P have been associated with trace level contaminants present in these products. That is why toxin level of Pakistani Naswar is reported for the first time in this study. Thirty Pakistani brands of Naswar were tested for a variety of toxic constituents and carcinogens such as cadmium, arsenic, lead and other carcinogenic metals; nitrite and nitrate; and nicotine and pH. The average values of all the toxins studied were well above their allowable limits, making the product a health risk for its consumers. Calculated life time cancer risk is well above the minimum 'target range' for potentially hazardous substances.This study shows that the production, packaging, sale and consumption of Naswar should be regulated, and the general public be made aware of its harmful effects, so that to protect them from the health hazards associated with its consumption.

Fiqh-us-Sunnah Volume 1 is about Fiqh ruling on Rules and Regulations of Purification and Prayer that goes back to the Qur'an and Sunnah and As-Sayyid Sabiq has dealt with all four madhahib objectively, with no preferential treatment to any.

Sayyid Saabiq (1915-2000 C.E.) wrote the book in Arabic at the request of Imam Hassan al-Banna, the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood (Ikhwan). Every Fiqh ruling on Supererogatory Prayer in the book goes back to the Qur'an and Sunnah and Sabiq dealt with all four madhahib objectively, with no preferential treatment to any.