This monograph forms an interdisciplinary study in atomic, molecular, and quantum information (QI) science. Here a reader will find that applications of the tools developed in QI provide new physical insights into electron optics as well as properties of atoms & molecules which, in turn, are useful in studying QI both at fundamental and applied levels. In particular, this book investigates entanglement properties of flying electronic qubits generated in some of the well known processes capable of taking place in an atom or a molecule following the absorption of a photon. Here, one can generate Coulombic or fine-structure entanglement of electronic qubits. The properties of these entanglements differ not only from each other, but also from those when spin of an inner-shell photoelectron is entangled with the polarization of the subsequent fluorescence. Spins of an outer-shell electron and of a residual photoion can have free or bound entanglement in a laboratory.

The book is a thoughtful discussion with scientists studying convergent plate boundaries such as the well-known, active India-Eurasia collision zone. It provides a comprehensive collection of petrographic images of ophiolitic rocks exhumed from oceanic lithosphere and mantle at the India-Asia plate boundary. Ophiolite is exposed in the northwestern Himalayas, eastern Indian plate margin and Andaman-Nicobar Islands. At the eastern margin, it occurs in a narrow strip comprising mantle peridotite tectonite, cummulate peridotite-gabbro-plagiogranite-anorthosite, mafic dyke, volcanics and oceanic sediments. Low temperature/high pressure rocks including blueschists and eclogites were extensively studied recently. Ophiolite derived sediments and podiform chromites will also be discussed to provide complete details. Supplemental maps, geological sections, field sketches and photographs will explain the structure, stratigraphy, ore mineralization, and metamorphic history.

This monograph forms an interdisciplinary study in atomic, molecular, and quantum information (QI) science. Here a reader will find that applications of the tools developed in QI provide new physical insights into electron optics as well as properties of atoms & molecules which, in turn, are useful in studying QI both at fundamental and applied levels. In particular, this book investigates entanglement properties of flying electronic qubits generated in some of the well known processes capable of taking place in an atom or a molecule following the absorption of a photon. Here, one can generate Coulombic or fine-structure entanglement of electronic qubits. The properties of these entanglements differ not only from each other, but also from those when spin of an inner-shell photoelectron is entangled with the polarization of the subsequent fluorescence. Spins of an outer-shell electron and of a residual photoion can have free or bound entanglement in a laboratory.

An indispensable introduction to the key environmental processes of weathering and erosion Natural and human-induced weathering processes can have a great impact on soil and groundwater quality. With climate change and other environmental challenges placing increased emphasis on these resources, it has never been more important for researchers and environmental professionals to attain detailed knowledge of weathering and erosion processes. Weathering and Erosion Processes in the Natural Environment meets this need with a rigorous, systematic overview. Beginning with a description of different forces and processes that contribute to weathering, it then discusses the different kinds of landforms that can be produced by weathering and erosion processes, as well as the potential impacts of hydrogeological processes on both surface water and groundwater. The result is a volume that balances qualitative and quantitative understanding of this crucial subject. Weathering and Erosion Processes in the Natural Environment readers will also find: Documented examples in which weathering and erosion processes have led to heavy metals and other trace elements in groundwater Detailed discussion of climate change impacts, including extreme weather events and rising carbon dioxide levels Modeling approaches throughout to enable quantitative assessment and predictions of future impact Weathering and Erosion Processes in the Natural Environment is ideal for researchers and advanced students in geology, geochemistry, hydrogeochemistry and environmental science, as well as professionals dealing with water and soil management.