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As a formal occupation, public relations grew primarily in the
United States through much of the twentieth century. In recent
years, however, it has spread rapidly throughout the world. Broad
outlines on how public relations practices differ from country to
country have only recently begun to take shape in scholarly writing
about the field. The existing literature on international public
relations tends to focus on how those working for western
organizations --particularly multi-national corporations--can best
practice abroad. Although useful, such writings tend to focus on
adaptation of western approaches, not on development of new ones
designed specifically for varied sociocultural settings around the
world.
Focusing on Disney's production of Shanghai Disneyland, this book examines how the Chinese state and the local market influence Disney's ownership and production of the identities and the representations of Shanghai Disneyland. Qualitative methods are here applied to combine both primary and secondary data, including document analysis, participant observation, and in-depth interviews. Shanghai Disneyland is purposely created to be different from the other Disneylands, under the "authentically Disney and distinctly Chinese" mandate. In order to survive and thrive in China, Disney carefully constructs Shanghai Disneyland as Disneyland with Chinese characteristics. Previous studies tend to link Disney with cultural imperialism; however, this book argues that it is not imperialism but glocalization that promotes a global company's interests in China. In particular, the findings suggest state-capital-led glocalization: glocalization led by economic capital of the state (direct investment) and economic capital with the state (market potential). Furthermore, the four categories of glocalization with different conditions, considerations, and consequences illustrate various global-local dynamics in the process of a global formation of locality. The Glocalization of Shanghai Disneyland will appeal to students and scholars of sociology, communication studies, business studies, and Asian studies more broadly.
Focusing on Disney's production of Shanghai Disneyland, this book examines how the Chinese state and the local market influence Disney's ownership and production of the identities and the representations of Shanghai Disneyland. Qualitative methods are here applied to combine both primary and secondary data, including document analysis, participant observation, and in-depth interviews. Shanghai Disneyland is purposely created to be different from the other Disneylands, under the "authentically Disney and distinctly Chinese" mandate. In order to survive and thrive in China, Disney carefully constructs Shanghai Disneyland as Disneyland with Chinese characteristics. Previous studies tend to link Disney with cultural imperialism; however, this book argues that it is not imperialism but glocalization that promotes a global company's interests in China. In particular, the findings suggest state-capital-led glocalization: glocalization led by economic capital of the state (direct investment) and economic capital with the state (market potential). Furthermore, the four categories of glocalization with different conditions, considerations, and consequences illustrate various global-local dynamics in the process of a global formation of locality. The Glocalization of Shanghai Disneyland will appeal to students and scholars of sociology, communication studies, business studies, and Asian studies more broadly.
As a formal occupation, public relations grew primarily in the
United States through much of the twentieth century. In recent
years, however, it has spread rapidly throughout the world. Broad
outlines on how public relations practices differ from country to
country have only recently begun to take shape in scholarly writing
about the field. The existing literature on international public
relations tends to focus on how those working for western
organizations --particularly multi-national corporations--can best
practice abroad. Although useful, such writings tend to focus on
adaptation of western approaches, not on development of new ones
designed specifically for varied sociocultural settings around the
world.
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