This collection of essays looks at recent developments in the crisis theory of capitalist development and relates such theories directly to the current patterns of economic, political, technological and cultural changes associated with societal restructuring in industrialized countries. It brings together contributors from eight different countries and represents the fields of economics, political science, political economy, urban planning and sociology. The relation between crisis and societal restructuring is addressed at four different levels. First, the general level of crisis theory is discussed, and several alternative theoretical approaches are addressed. Second, the international effects of contemporary crisis and restructuring are looked at, involving the relation between the older and newer industrialized countries. Third, the national level is addressed with regard to the restructuring of the welfare state and new forms of class conflict and political participation. Lastly, contributors address socio-spatial restructuring at the local or regional level in response to crisis, especially the restructuring of industrial/urban areas. M. Gottdeiner's previous works are "Plann

This book concludes a trilogy that began with "Intelligent Cities: Innovation, Knowledge Systems and digital spaces "(Routledge 2002) and "Intelligent Cities and Globalisation of Innovation Networks "(Routledge 2008). Together these books examine intelligent cities as environments of innovation and collaborative problem-solving. In this final book, the focus is on planning, strategy and governance of intelligent cities.

Divided into three parts, each section elaborates upon complementary aspects of intelligent city strategy and planning. Part I is about the drivers and architectures of the spatial intelligence of cities, while Part II turns to planning processes and discusses top-down and bottom-up planning for intelligent cities. Cities such as Amsterdam, Manchester, Stockholm and Helsinki are examples of cities that have used bottom-up planning through the gradual implementation of successive initiatives for regeneration. On the other hand, Living PlanIT, Neapolis in Cyprus, and Saudi Arabia intelligent cities have started with the top-down approach, setting up urban operating systems and common central platforms. Part III focuses on intelligent city strategies; how cities should manage the drivers of spatial intelligence, create smart environments, mobilise communities, and offer new solutions to address city problems.

Main findings of the book are related to a series of models which capture fundamental aspects of intelligent cities making and operation. These models consider structure, function, planning, strategies toward intelligent environments and a model of governance based on mobilisation of communities, knowledge architectures, and innovation cycles.

Internet and World Wide Web platforms, big data analytics, software, social media and civic technologies allow for the creation of smart ecosystems in which connected intelligence emerges and disruptive social and eco-innovation flourishes. This book focuses on three grand challenges that matter for any territory, no matter where it is located: (i) smart growth, a path that more and more cities, regions and countries are adopting having realised the unlimited potential of growth that is based on knowledge, innovation and digital technologies; (ii) safety and security, which is a pre-requisite for quality of life in a world of intense social, natural and technological threats; and (iii) sustainability, use of renewable energy, protection of living ecosystems, addressing climate change and global warming in a period of rapid urbanisation that makes established sustainability models and planning patterns quickly obsolete. The core argument of the book is that problem-solving and novel solutions to these grand challenges emerge in smart ecosystems through connected intelligence. It is the broadest form of intelligence that combines capabilities from heterogeneous actors (humans, organisations, machines) and propel problem-solving through externalities and resource agglomeration, user engagement and collaboration, awareness and behaviour change. This book will be of interest to students and researchers of urban and regional studies, innovation studies, economic geography and urban planning, as well as urban policy makers.

Examining the changing nature of cities in the face of smart technology, this book studies key new challenges and capabilities defined by the Internet of Things, data science, blockchain and artificial intelligence. It argues that using algorithmic logic alone for automation and optimisation in modern smart cities is not sufficient, and analyses the importance of integrating this with strong participatory governance and digital platforms for community action. Separated into three parts, the book moves from looking at the academic establishment of the smart city paradigm as an advanced system of innovation, to focusing on major technologies and the governance of smart cities. Chapters explore other sources of intelligence available in cities within both institutions and platforms, including human intelligence, innovation, and collective intelligence, with insights on how to combine algorithmic logic in these areas of competence to become much more effective. Offering a crucial understanding of how cities and regions can adopt the smart city paradigm, this book will be a useful read for policy-makers and stakeholders involved in the design and implementation of smart city strategies. Urban studies and planning scholars, post graduate students, as well as those researching the built environment, will benefit from the blend of theoretical and practical knowledge offered in the book. Contributors include: M. Angelidou, A.-V. Anttiroiko, D. Bechtsis, F. Duarte, C. Kakderi, N. Komninos, I. Kompatsiaris, K. Kourtit, V. Loscri, N. Mitton, L. Mora, V. Moustaka, P. Nijkamp, J. Oskam, A. OEzdemir, R. Petrolo, A. Panori, C. Ratti, A. Reid, H. Schaffers, I. Tsampoulatidis, A. Vakali, S. Zhang

Internet and World Wide Web platforms, big data analytics, software, social media and civic technologies allow for the creation of smart ecosystems in which connected intelligence emerges and disruptive social and eco-innovation flourishes. This book focuses on three grand challenges that matter for any territory, no matter where it is located: (i) smart growth, a path that more and more cities, regions and countries are adopting having realised the unlimited potential of growth that is based on knowledge, innovation and digital technologies; (ii) safety and security, which is a pre-requisite for quality of life in a world of intense social, natural and technological threats; and (iii) sustainability, use of renewable energy, protection of living ecosystems, addressing climate change and global warming in a period of rapid urbanisation that makes established sustainability models and planning patterns quickly obsolete. The core argument of the book is that problem-solving and novel solutions to these grand challenges emerge in smart ecosystems through connected intelligence. It is the broadest form of intelligence that combines capabilities from heterogeneous actors (humans, organisations, machines) and propel problem-solving through externalities and resource agglomeration, user engagement and collaboration, awareness and behaviour change. This book will be of interest to students and researchers of urban and regional studies, innovation studies, economic geography and urban planning, as well as urban policy makers.

Intelligent Cities and Globalisation of Innovation Networks combines concepts and theories from the fields of urban development and planning, innovation management, and virtual / intelligent environments. It explains the rise of intelligent cities with respect to the globalisation of systems of innovation; opens up a new way for making intelligent environments via the connection of human skills, institutional mechanisms, and digital spaces operating within a community; and describes a series of platforms and tools for the making of intelligent cities.

Intelligent Cities and Globalisation of Innovation Networks combines concepts and theories from the fields of urban development and planning, innovation management, and virtual / intelligent environments. It explains the rise of intelligent cities with respect to the globalisation of systems of innovation; opens up a new way for making intelligent environments via the connection of human skills, institutional mechanisms, and digital spaces operating within a community; and describes a series of platforms and tools for the making of intelligent cities.

At the turn of the century some cities and regions in Europe, Japan and the USA, displayed an exceptional capacity to incubate and develop new knowledge and innovations. The favourable environment for research, technology and innovation created in these areas was not immediately obvious, yet it was of great significance for a development based on knowledge, learning, and innovation. Intelligent Cities focuses on these environments of innovation, and the major models (technopoles, innovating regions, intelligent cities) for creating an environment-supporting technology, innovation, learning, and knowledge-based development.
The introduction and the first chapter deal with innovation as an environmental condition, and with the geography and typology of islands of innovation. The next three parts focus on the theoretical paradigms and the planning models of the 'industrial district', the innovating region', and the 'intelligent city', which offer three alternative ways to create an environment of innovation.

At the turn of the century some cities and regions in Europe, Japan and the US, displayed an exceptional capacity to incubate and develop new knowledge and innovations. The favourable environment for research, technology and innovation created in these areas was not immediately obvious, yet it was of great significance for a development based on knowledge, learning, and innovation. Intelligent Cities focuses on these environments of innovation, and the major models (technopoles, innovating regions, intelligent cities) for creating an environment-supporting technology, innovation, learning, and knowledge-based development.
The introduction and the first chapter deal with innovation as an environmental condition, and with the geography and typology of islands of innovation. The next three Parts focus on the theoretical paradigms and the planning models of the 'industrial district', the innovating region', and the 'intelligent city', which offer three alternative ways to create an environment of innovation.

This collection of essays looks at recent developments in the crisis theory of capitalist development and relates such theories directly to the current patterns of economic, political technological and cultural changes associated with societal restructuring in industrialized countries.