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While the French Revolution has been much discussed and studied,
its impact on religious life in France is rather neglected. Yet,
during this brief period, religion underwent great changes that
affected everyone: clergy and laypeople, men and women, Catholics,
Protestants and Jews. The "Reigns of Terror" of the Revolution
drove the Church underground, permanently altering the relationship
between Church and State. In this book, Nigel Aston offers a guide
to these tumultuous events. While the structures and beliefs of the
Catholic Church are central, it does not neglect minority groups
like Protestants and Jews. Among other features, the book discusses
the Constitutional Church, the end of state support for
Catholicism, the "Dechristianization" campaign and the Concordat of
1801-2. Key themes discussed include the capacity of all the
Churches for survival and adaptation, the role of religion in
determining political allegiances during the Revolution, and the
turbulence of Church-State relations. In this study, based on the
latest evidence, Aston sheds new light on a dynamic period in
European history and its impact on the next 200 years of religious
life in France.
The eighteenth-century bishops of the Church of England and its
sister communions had immense status and authority in both secular
society and the Church. They fully merit fresh examination in the
light of recent scholarship, and in this volume leading experts
offer a comprehensive survey and assessment of all things episcopal
between the 'Glorious Revolution' of 1688 and the early
nineteenth-century. These were centuries when the Anglican Church
enjoyed exclusive establishment privileges across the British Isles
(apart from Scotland). The essays collected here consider the
appointment and promotion of bishops, as well as their duties
towards the monarch and in Parliament. All were expected to display
administrative skills, some were scholarly, others were interested
in the fine arts, most had wives and families. All of these themes
are discussed, and Wales, Ireland, Scotland and the American
colonies receive specific examination.
A new assessment of the life and political career of Lord
Shelburne, prime minister 1782-83, and of the context in which he
lived. Lord Shelburne, Prime Minister in 1782-83, was a profoundly
important politician, whose achievements included the negotiation
of the peace with the newly-independent United States. This book
constitutes a major and long overdue reappraisal of the politician
considered by Disraeli to be the "most neglected Prime Minister".
The book indicates, caters for, and leads the revival of interest
in high politics, including its gendered aspects. It covers
Shelburne's friends, his finances, and his politics, and places him
carefully within both an international and a national context. For
the first time his complicated but compelling family life, his
satisfying relations with women, andhis Irish ancestry are
presented as essential factors for understanding his public impact
overall. Shelburne was a politician, patron, and cultural leader
whose relationship to many of the ideas, influences, and
individuals of the European Enlightenment are also emphasised. The
book is thoroughly up to date, written by leading authorities in
the field, and predominantly based on unpublished primary research.
Shelburne and his circle constituted oneof the most important [and
progressive] elements in British and European politics during the
second half of the eighteenth century, and the book will appeal to
all readers interested in the Enlightenment. NIGEL ASTON isReader
in Early Modern History in the School of Historical Studies at the
University of Leicester; CLARISSA CAMPBELL ORR is Reader in
Enlightenment, Gender and Court Studies at Anglia Ruskin
University.
Enlightened Oxford aims to discern, establish, and clarify the
multiplicity of connections between the University of Oxford, its
members, and the world outside; to offer readers a fresh,
contextualised sense of the University's role in the state, in
society, and in relation to other institutions between the
Williamite Revolution and the first decade of the nineteenth
century, the era loosely describable (though not without much
qualification) as England's ancien regime. Nigel Aston asks where
Oxford fitted in to the broader social and cultural picture of the
time, locating the University's importance in Church and state, and
pondering its place as an institution that upheld religious
entitlement in an ever-shifting intellectual world where national
and confessional boundaries were under scrutiny. Enlightened Oxford
is less an inside history than a consideration of an institutional
presence and its place in the life of the country and further
afield. While admitting the degree of corporate inertia to be found
in the University, there was internal scope for members so inclined
to be creative in their teaching, open new research lines, and be
unapologetic Whigs rather than unrepentant Tories. For if Oxford
was a seat of learning rooted in its past - and with an increasing
antiquarian awareness of its inheritance - yet it had a surprising
capacity for adaptation, a scope for intellectual and political
pluralism that was not incompatible with enlightened values.
Boswell and the Press: Essays on the Ephemeral Writing of James
Boswell is the first sustained examination of James Boswell’s
ephemeral writing, his contributions to periodicals, his pamphlets,
and his broadsides. The essays collected here enhance our
comprehension of his interests, capabilities, and proclivities as
an author and refine our understanding of how the print environment
in which he worked influenced what he wrote and how he wrote it.
This book will also be of interest to historians of journalism and
the publishing industry of eighteenth-century Britain.
1714 was a revolutionary year for Dissenters across the British
Empire. The Hanoverian Succession upended a political and religious
order antagonistic to Protestant non-conformity and replaced it
with a regime that was, ostensibly, sympathetic to the Whig
interest. The death of Queen Anne and the dawn of Hanoverian Rule
presented Dissenters with fresh opportunities and new challenges as
they worked to negotiate and legitimize afresh their place in the
polity. Negotiating Toleration: Dissent and the Hanoverian
Succession, 1714-1760 examines how Dissenters and their allies in a
range of geographic contexts confronted and adapted to the
Hanoverian order. Collectively, the contributors reveal that though
generally overlooked compared to the Glorious Revolution of 1688-9
or the Act of Union in 1707, 1714 was a pivotal moment with far
reaching consequences for dissenters at home and abroad. By
decentralizing the narrative beyond England and exploring
dissenting reactions in Scotland, Ireland, and North America, the
collection demonstrates the extent to which the Succession
influenced the politics and touched the lives of ordinary people
across the British Atlantic world. As well as offering a thorough
breakdown of confessional tensions within Britain during the short
and medium terms, this authoritative volume also marks the first
attempt to look at the complex interaction between religious
communities in consequence of the Hanoverian Succession.
This new introduction to religious history reviews the events of the turbulent period of the French Revolution. It is an accessible summary of key developments in the confrontation between the Churches and the Enlightenment. The text is supplemented by illuminating illustrations, maps and a glossary.
This new introduction to religious history reviews the events of the turbulent period of the French Revolution. It is an accessible summary of key developments in the confrontation between the Churches and the Enlightenment. The text is supplemented by illuminating illustrations, maps and a glossary.
What was the appeal of the values of the Revolution? When did
disillusionment set in, and why? Why did so few women identify with
the Revolution? These are some of the questions which recur in this
fresh study which focuses on some of the major themes at the heart
of the current debate on the French Revolution and the
Counter-Revolution. The French Revolution, 1789-1804: - examines
the human cost of Revolutionary change and the political
ruthlessness of its key players - explores the continuities and
ruptures in the unfolding of the Revolution up to 1804 and
Napoleon's coronation as emperor - discusses the emergence of a new
political culture, institutions, political participation and
rhetoric - considers the social history of the 1790s with an
assessment of the militarisation of France, violence and vandalism,
and the social effects of economic changes - adopts a wide
perspective and looks at the reception of Revolutionary values in
Europe, the French colonies, and the United States Nigel Aston's
concise study is essential reading for all those with an interest
in this crucial moment in the creation of the modern world.
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