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Though it has been home for centuries to indigenous peoples who
have mastered its conditions, the Arctic has historically proven to
be a difficult region for governments to administer. Extreme
temperatures, vast distances, and widely dispersed patterns of
settlement have made it impossible for bureaucracies based in
far-off capitals to erect and maintain the kind of infrastructure
and institutions that they have built elsewhere. As climate change
transforms the polar regions, this book seeks to explore how the
challenges of governance are developing and being met in Alaska,
the Canadian Far North, and Greenland, while also drawing upon
lessons from the region's past. Though the experience of each of
these jurisdictions is unique, their place within democratic,
federal systems and the prominence within each of them of issues
relating to the rights of indigenous peoples situates them as part
of an identifiably 'North American Arctic.' Today, as this volume
shows, their institutions are evolving to address contemporary
issues of security, environmental protection, indigenous rights,
and economic development.
This book is about judicial reasoning in human rights cases. The
aim is to explore the question: how is it that notionally universal
norms are reasoned by courts in such significantly different ways?
What is the shape of this reasoning; which techniques are common
across the transnational jurisprudence; and which are particular?
The book, comprising contributions by a team of world-leading human
rights scholars, moves beyond simply addressing the institutional
questions concerning courts and human rights, which often dominate
discussions of this kind, seeking instead a deeper examination of
the similarities and divergence of reasonings by different courts
when addressing comparable human rights questions. These
differences, while partly influenced by institutional concerns,
cannot be attributed to them alone. This book explores the diverse
and rich underlying spectrum of human rights reasoning, as a
distinctive and particular form of legal reasoning, evident in the
case studies across the selected jurisdictions.
Richard Nixon considered establishing a strong peacetime economy
one of his most important political objectives. Using Richard E.
Neustadt's analytical framework of presidential power, Nigel Bowles
develops five case studies around President Nixon's economic
policies. Bowles's insightful analysis helps us understand the
sources of Nixon's authority and power, as well as his use of both.
For each of the cases, Bowles considers the president's bargaining
advantages: his constitutional and statutory authority,
presidential reputation, popular prestige, and personal qualities.
He then answers Neustadt's twin questions: ""What was the
president's inheritance?"" and ""What was his legacy?"" The cases
Bowles has chosen represent fiscal policy, wage and price policy,
international monetary policy, and domestic monetary policy.
Through these analyses, Bowles offers new perspectives on Nixon's
use of authority and power, his dealings with and views of senior
politicians and power-brokers; his ruthlessness and political
ingenuity; the ways his experiences as congressman, senator, and
vice president shaped his approach to the presidency; and his
subordination of other objectives to his drive for re-election in
1972. ""Nixon's Business"" is the first book to make systematic use
of Neustadt's crucial framework in understanding a specific
presidency. It is also the first to analyze empirically the
components of Nixon's authority and power and the first to
demonstrate the implications of both for understanding the
institution of the United States Presidency.
This book is about judicial reasoning in human rights cases. The
aim is to explore the question: how is it that notionally universal
norms are reasoned by courts in such significantly different ways?
What is the shape of this reasoning; which techniques are common
across the transnational jurisprudence; and which are particular?
The book, comprising contributions by a team of world-leading human
rights scholars, moves beyond simply addressing the institutional
questions concerning courts and human rights, which often dominate
discussions of this kind, seeking instead a deeper examination of
the similarities and divergence of reasonings by different courts
when addressing comparable human rights questions. These
differences, while partly influenced by institutional concerns,
cannot be attributed to them alone. This book explores the diverse
and rich underlying spectrum of human rights reasoning, as a
distinctive and particular form of legal reasoning, evident in the
case studies across the selected jurisdictions.
This extensively revised new edition offers a broad-ranging,
systematic and sophisticated introduction contemplating the
institutions and processes of government in the US set in a clear
historical context.
Increasingly governments around the world are experimenting with
initiatives in transparency or 'open government'. These involve a
variety of measures including the announcement of more
user-friendly government websites, greater access to government
data, the extension of freedom of information legislation and
broader attempts to involve the public in government decision
making. However, the role of the media in these initiatives has not
hitherto been examined. This volume analyses the challenges and
opportunities presented to journalists as they attempt to hold
governments accountable in an era of professed transparency. In
examining how transparency and open government initiatives have
affected the accountability role of the press in the US and the UK,
it also explores how policies in these two countries could change
in the future to help journalists hold governments more
accountable. This volume will be essential reading for all
practising journalists, for students of journalism or politics, and
for policymakers.
Increasingly governments around the world are experimenting with
initiatives in transparency or 'open government'. These involve a
variety of measures including the announcement of more
user-friendly government websites, greater access to government
data, the extension of freedom of information legislation and
broader attempts to involve the public in government decision
making. However, the role of the media in these initiatives has not
hitherto been examined. This volume analyses the challenges and
opportunities presented to journalists as they attempt to hold
governments accountable in an era of professed transparency. In
examining how transparency and open government initiatives have
affected the accountability role of the press in the US and the UK,
it also explores how policies in these two countries could change
in the future to help journalists hold governments more
accountable. This volume will be essential reading for all
practising journalists, for students of journalism or politics, and
for policymakers.
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