Japanese cinema is historically one of the world's most important national film industries and one that continues to have a significant global influence. From the Golden Age of the 1930s and the 1950s art-house success of Kurosawa, Mizoguchi, and Ozu to the 1960s New Wave of Imamura and Oshima and the ubiquitous contemporary presence of sci-fi and anime, Japan has produced directors and genres of central importance to the development of cinema as both art and industry. Indeed, no college or university course on international film history or modern world cinema is complete without substantial reference to Japan's mighty achievements. Despite the crucial contribution of work on Japan to the development of Film Studies as a distinct object of intellectual inquiry, as well as the ongoing vibrancy of Japanese Cinema Studies as a dynamic interdisciplinary endeavour, to date no reference work has gathered all the most important scholarly writings on the topic. This welcome addition to Routledge's Critical Concepts in Media and Cultural Studies series remedies that omission. It presents for the first time the most significant English-language work on the history and culture of Japanese cinema. Edited by two leading scholars in the field, this major new reference resource offers a multi-dimensional overview of one hundred years of filmmaking in Japan. It explores the subject from all key angles, encompassing production and the role of commercial film studios, distribution, exhibition, issues of critical reception, fandom, and the cultural status of cinema as aesthetic medium. Every major period is represented, including early and silent cinema, the years of empire and war, postwar resurgence and political strife, globalization and multimedia reconfiguration. In addition, the collection includes consideration of key films and filmmakers, alongside approaches to Japanese cinema's perceived uniqueness and debates on its relation to society, as well as to Hollywood and other film industries. Contributions are drawn from the various disciplines where the most important work on Japanese cinema has been produced, including Film Studies, Japan Studies, Asian Studies, and Cultural Studies. Japanese Cinema is supplemented by a comprehensive index. It also includes a full introduction, newly written by the editors, which outlines the various historical contexts for the emergence of mature scholarly approaches to the subject.

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Sometimes there are challenges for lactation therapists that can't be completely resolved by current lactation practices--when the baby has reflux or torticollis, when mother and baby are injured or in pain, when the mother can't relax enough to sleep, when weeks of pumping erode the mother's energy to the point she wants to quit breastfeeding. In Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Breastfeeding Therapy, author Nikki Lee describes mother-baby situations that benefit from complementary and alternative therapy techniques in order to have a thriving baby and a happy mother, with an abundant milk supply and easy breastfeeding. In her experience complementary therapies, when used in conjunction with proven breastfeeding management, do no harm and usually help mother and baby. Therapies covered include: -Creating a healing environment -Skin-to-skin and massage -Acupuncture -Chiropractic -Craniosacral therapy -Remedial co-bathing -Homeopathy This book is not an instruction manual. It is an open door to the world of other ways of healing. Some or all of these therapies may be gentle and helpful additions to your lactation toolbox.