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The German conquest of Denmark and Norway in spring 1940 presents
an interesting study of joint strategy between ground, air, and sea
forces. In this campaign, the Germans placed great emphasis on
mobility, speed, and surprise. The Fallschirmjager of 1940 was a
well-trained, highly-motivated force, and their participation in
Operation Weserubung the codename for the Wehrmacht assault on
Denmark and Norway is this subject of this book. Among the topics
discussed are German paratroop operations (some of the first combat
jumps of the war) against the main Danish and Norwegian bridges and
aerodromes, the jump on Dombas, behind enemy lines, and also their
tenacious resistance on the snow-covered grounds of Narvik.
This is the first scholarly analysis that examines the development
and achievements of the American community development movement.
Community development is now a multi-billion industry in the US.
Hundreds of Community Development Financial Institutions (CDFIs),
located in all regions of the country, have successfully forged
locally-based strategies that provide affordable housing, foster
business development, and provide much needed community facilities,
including innumerable charter schools, in highly distressed
communities in inner city neighborhoods, rural communities, and
also in American Indian areas. In many areas of the US, CDFIs
represent a viable alternative to the mainstream banking industry.
This volume documents the positive impact the CDFI industry has had
in distressed urban and rural areas in the US.
This Brief provides a comprehensive overview of Trypanosoma cruzi,
a parasite that is traditionally considered as exclusively
vectorborne, but can be foodborne, and may lead to outbreaks of
Chagas disease in consumers. The characteristics of Trypanosoma
cruzi and the clinical effects of the disease are covered,
including documented outbreaks, regional patterns, and
epidemiology. The various transmission routes are outlined, but
with specific focus on foodborne transmission. A major emphasis of
this text is contamination of fruit juices with Trypanosoma cruzi
in, a transmission vehicle with increasing significance in the
spread of this parasite. Also outlined is the difficulty of
establishing a protocol for detection in food samples. Results on
survival of Trypanosoma cruzi in food matrices is considered, as
well as current risk assessment procedures and regulations.
Different approaches to preventing transmission, including
inactivation and decontamination are introduced, but also the
importance of targeted educational initiatives, and also with a
focus on future detection, prevention, and prevention of
contamination of foods with this parasite.
A concise account of various classic theories of fluids and solids,
this book is for courses in continuum mechanics for graduate
students and advanced undergraduates. Thoroughly class-tested in
courses at Stanford University and the University of Warwick, it is
suitable for both applied mathematicians and engineers. The only
prerequisites are an introductory undergraduate knowledge of basic
linear algebra and differential equations. Unlike most existing
works at this level, this book covers both isothermal and thermal
theories. The theories are derived in a unified manner from the
fundamental balance laws of continuum mechanics. Intended both for
classroom use and for self-study, each chapter contains a wealth of
exercises, with fully worked solutions to odd-numbered questions. A
complete solutions manual is available to instructors upon request.
Short bibliographies appear at the end of each chapter, pointing to
material which underpins or expands upon the material discussed.
Increasing evidence indicates that inflammatory cells and
immunological cytokines can enter into the brain and modulate a
number of biological and cognitive functions. Under physiological
conditions, only a few immune cells, such as: macrophages,
lymphocytes and dendritic cells can cross the blood-brain barrier
and gain access to neural tissue. For many years, these findings
supported the notion that the brain was an immunologically
privileged organ. To date, increasing evidence strongly challenges
this conjecture. In fact, neuroinflammation triggers a significant
infiltration of immune cells into the cerebral parenchyma. The
infiltration of inflammatory cells is accompanied by the release of
a number of cytokines that target neurons, astrocytes and
microglia. This interaction between the immune system and the
central nervous system modulates many cerebral functions, such as:
neural remodelling, synaptic plasticity, neurotransmitter
releasing, stress-associated response, cognitive and mental disease
progression, and others. The book summarises the latest
discoveries, from basic to clinical science, regarding the
interactions between the immunological mediators and the neural
tissue under physiological and pathological conditions. In this
book, it is discussed the influence of immune cells and cytokines
in neural-regulated systems. Herein, the readers can find
comprehensive descriptions in diverse fields, such as: lipids and
obesity, neuronal activity, neurotransmission, stress pathogenesis,
rheumatologic diseases, spinal cord injuries, regulation of neural
stem cells, neural control of reproduction, and others. To ensure
that most of readers obtain clear and complete information, all
chapters have been written by prominent experts in their respective
fields, who explain these topics with a very accessible language.
In summary, this book represents a highly-updated compendium about
the interactions between the central nervous system and the immune
system that could be very useful for undergraduate students,
postgraduate students, academic educators or trainers, basic
science researchers and clinical physicians.
El crecimiento de la economia en Mexico depende del desarrollo de
las empresas. Por lo que es necesario que estas tengan acceso a
recursos que les permitan ser mas competitivas. En particular las
micro pequenas y medianas empresas son quienes requieren de
financiamiento para capital de trabajo, reestructurar sus pasivos,
capacitar a su personal, innovar, realizar inversiones y acceder a
nuevos mercados y llegar a ser mas productivas y competitivas en
consecuencia. Es por ello, que las instituciones micro financieras
deben establecer estrategias para satisfacer la demanda de
financiamiento, y permitir asi diversificar la obtencion de
creditos. En suma, es preciso establecer mecanismos de evaluacion y
analisis que abatan significativamente aquellos recursos existentes
que reducen la capacidad de credito en riesgo, a fin de que puedan
constituirse mayor numero micro financieras que otorguen tambien
mayores importes de credito y cobren menores tasas de interes."
Nuestros hijos estan en riesgo cuando no pueden elegir, o cuando
pudiendolo hacer prefieren abstenerse, y tambien cuando deciden
hacerlo, pero lamentablemente lo hacen mal y se equivocan. Cuando
no cuentan con limites claros que regulen sus acciones, quedan
totalmente expuestos y vulnerables a consecuencias, que no siempre
puede saberse la magnitud del dano que ello les trae. Y se llega a
esa instancia cuando no hay nadie que los contenga o los ayude a
repensar y asumir las situaciones de fracaso como situaciones de
aprendizaje, como cosas de la vida misma. Prevenir los riesgos en
la adolescencia supone, que podamos generar espacios de dialogo, de
participacion y de creacion. Que podamos ofrecer a nuestros hijos,
razones para vivir...."
Este trabajo, tiene como objetivo, analizar la reduccion de la
pobreza en Mexico durante el periodo comprendido del ano 2000 al
2006; a traves de los resultados presentados por el organismo
creado para evaluar la efectividad de la politica de desarrollo
social en Mexico, llamado Consejo Nacional de Evaluacion de la
Politica de Desarrollo Social (CONEVAL) en el 2006. Demostrando,
que es necesario fortalecer los resultados sobre el numero de
personas en esta condicion, con otro indicador como la recaudacion
fiscal obtenida por medio del ingreso. Lo cual se demuestra
mediante un modelo matematico que establece una relacion entre los
ingresos publicos y la renta per capita. Logrando asi demostrar que
los ingresos del Estado son evidencia de la condicion per capita.
Convirtiendo a los ingresos del Estado, en un instrumento que
permite demostrar la reduccion de la pobreza de ingreso y ser
referente de las carencias vigentes.
Astrocytes are the main glial cell type in the central nervous
system. These cells were originally regarded as supportive cells of
the brain, but increasing evidence indicates they play fundamental
roles in many brain functions, such as: neurotransmitters uptake,
energy homoeostasis, neurogenesis, myelination, immunomodulation,
neurotrophic factor releasing and blood-brain-barrier maintenance.
This book summarises the latest discoveries, from basic to clinical
science, regarding the main roles of astrocytes under physiological
and pathological circumstances. To ensure that most of readers
obtain clear and complete information, all chapters have been
written in plain language by worldwide-recognised experts in their
respective fields.
El referente institucional del programa Oportunidades a partir del
ano 2001, fue la estrategia de reduccion de la pobreza llamada
Programa de Salud, Educacion y Alimentacion (Progresa) del Gobierno
de Ernesto Zedillo Ponce de Leon del ano de 1997. Sin embargo, un
esfuerzo institucional que genero resultados positivos en terminos
cualitativos en los beneficarios ha sido el programa Oportunidades.
Instrumentado a partir del gobierno federal en el ano 2000 en
Mexico con el Presidente Vicente Fox. Quien considero como modelo
asistencialista y de proteccion social a los pobres, al de
transferencias de recursos en efectivo, condicionadas a la
asistencia escolar y reuniones medicas. De esta forma, ha sido
considerado exitosa la estrategia de potencialidades en los pobres.
No obstante, el desarrollo de instrumentos para mejorar las
condiciones cuantitativas basadas en la mejora de los ingresos de
los pobres sera a largo plazo. Es decir, cuando los beneficarios
logren acceder a mejores niveles de bienestar, de forma
autosuficiente, adecuados a sus capacidades de ingreso, gestion y
promocion de su propio capital humano."
La propuesta del libro es explicar brevemente la naturaleza y la
biblia, a la cual consideramos ambas obras del mismo Dios. En la
naturaleza, conocida por los creyentes como la creacion,
encontramos revelacion del poder y sabiduria de Dios por las leyes
naturales. La creacion puede ser comprendida por el metodo
cientifico, el cual nos brinda informacion confiable. La otra obra
de Dios es la Biblia, la cual es conocida por los creyentes como la
revelacion de lo que la creacion no nos puede declarar, lo cual es
el amor de Dios para sus criaturas, en especial los seres humanos.
La Biblia fue dada como la ultima base para nuestra fe y practica.
Reconocemos que el estudio de solo una de estas obras, ya sea la
creacion por la ciencia o la biblia por la fe, puede demandar los
mejores esfuerzos de toda una vida. Pero tambien reconocemos que
todos debemos conocer un poco de ambas obras. Los autores han
tratado de presentar un honesto enfoque de ambas obras, confiando
en la ciencia para el conocimiento del mundo y en la Biblia para el
conocimiento de Dios y su voluntad en nosotros. Abordamos con
sinceridad cientifica el tema de los origenes y las distintas
visiones cristianas sobre el tema."
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