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As the issue of immigration between Mexico and the United States
becomes more critical, it is increasingly important that we
understand the process of development in Mexico's northern border
region. This collection of essays offers an empirical analysis of
development in Ciudad JuA!rez, with an emphasis on the social and
spatial contexts in which economic relations occur. The analyses
are framed by a general discussion of urbanization, migration, and
industrialization, considered in light of the history of Mexico's
northern frontier. Contributors recount the city's pattern of urban
growth in response to the natural environment and the changing
national culture and examine current patterns of land use,
especially as compared to similar development in other Latin
American cities. Other issues considered are the impact on
household activities of the structure of women's participation in
the maquiladora work force; the city's use of its human resources,
especially in off-shore assembly activities; and the foreign
orientation of the Juarez economy.
As the issue of immigration between Mexico and the United States
becomes more critical, it is increasingly important that we
understand the process of development in Mexico's northern border
region. This collection of essays offers an empirical analysis of
development in Ciudad JuA!rez, with an emphasis on the social and
spatial contexts in which economic relations occur. The analyses
are framed by a general discussion of urbanization, migration, and
industrialization, considered in light of the history of Mexico's
northern frontier. Contributors recount the city's pattern of urban
growth in response to the natural environment and the changing
national culture and examine current patterns of land use,
especially as compared to similar development in other Latin
American cities. Other issues considered are the impact on
household activities of the structure of women's participation in
the maquiladora work force; the city's use of its human resources,
especially in off-shore assembly activities; and the foreign
orientation of the Juarez economy.
Mexico and the United States may be neighbors, but their economies
offer stark contrasts. In Mexico's Uneven Development: The
Geographical and Historical Context of Inequality, Oscar J.
Martinez explores Mexico's history to explain why Mexico remains
less developed than the United States. Weaving in stories from his
own experiences growing up along the U.S.-Mexico border, Martinez
shows how the foundational factors of external relations, the
natural environment, the structures of production and governance,
natural resources, and population dynamics have all played roles in
shaping the Mexican economy. This interesting and thought-provoking
study clearly and convincingly explains the issues that affect
Mexico's underdevelopment. It will prove invaluable to anyone
studying Mexico's past or interested in its future.
Mexico and the United States may be neighbors, but their economies
offer stark contrasts. In Mexico's Uneven Development: The
Geographical and Historical Context of Inequality, Oscar J.
Martinez explores Mexico's history to explain why Mexico remains
less developed than the United States. Weaving in stories from his
own experiences growing up along the U.S.-Mexico border, Martinez
shows how the foundational factors of external relations, the
natural environment, the structures of production and governance,
natural resources, and population dynamics have all played roles in
shaping the Mexican economy. This interesting and thought-provoking
study clearly and convincingly explains the issues that affect
Mexico's underdevelopment. It will prove invaluable to anyone
studying Mexico's past or interested in its future.
"U.S. residents are largely unaware that Mexicans also view their
northern border with concern, and at times even alarm. Border
communities, such as Ciudad Juarez and Tijuana, have long been
subjected to heavy criticism from Mexico City and other interior
areas for their close ties to the United States, a country viewed
with apprehension and suspicion by the Mexican citizenry." Oscar
Martinez's words may come as a surprise to those who associate the
U.S. southern border with banditry, racial strife, illegal
migration, drug smuggling, and official corruption--all attributed
to Mexico. In Troublesome Border, now revised to reflect the
dramatic changes over the last two decades, a distinguished scholar
and long-time resident of the border area addresses these and other
problems that have caused increasing concern to federal governments
on both sides of the border. This second edition of "Troublesome
Border" has been updated and revised to cover dramatic developments
since the book's first publication in 1988 that have once again
transformed the region in fundamental ways. Martinez includes new
information on migration and drugs, including the extraordinary
rise of violence traced largely to the rampant illegal drug trade;
the devastating effects of U.S. Border Patrol "blockades" that have
resulted in thousands of deaths; and the impact of the North
American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).
Excellent collection of scholarly essays and primary documents. Covers 1830s-1990s, with the emphasis on the post-1910 era. Work is divided into seven sections, each covering a key issue in borderlands history. Good introduction to each entry"--Handbook of Latin American Studies, v. 58.
Juarez is no ordinary city. Its history is exhilarating and tragic.
Part of the state of Chihuahua and located on the border with the
United States opposite El Paso, Texas, Juarez has often captured
the world's attention in dramatic fashion. In Ciudad Juarez: Saga
of a Legendary Border City, Oscar J. Martinez provides a historical
overview of the economic and social evolution of this famous
transnational urban center from the 1848 creation of the
international boundary between Mexico and the United States to the
present, emphasizing the city's deep ties to the United States.
Martinez also explores major aspects of the social history of the
city, including cross-border migration, urbanization, population
growth, living standards, conditions among the city's workers,
crime, and the circumstances that led to the horrendous violence
that catapulted Juarez to the top rung of the world's most violent
urban areas in the early twenty-first century. In countless ways,
the history of Juarez is the history of the entire Mexican northern
frontier. Understanding how the city evolved provides a greater
appreciation for the formidable challenges faced by Mexican
fronterizos, and yields vital insights into the functioning of
borderland regions around the world.
While the U.S.-Mexico borderlands resemble border regions in other
parts of the world, nowhere else do so many millions of people from
two dissimilar nations live in such close proximity and interact
with each other so intensely. Borderlanders are singular in their
history, outlook, and behavior, and their lifestyle deviates from
the norms of central Mexico and the interior United States; yet
these Mexicans, Mexican-Americans, and Anglo-Americans also differ
among themselves, and within each group may be found cross-border
consumers, commuters, and people who are inclined or disinclined to
embrace both cultures. Based on firsthand interviews with
individuals from all walks of life, Border People presents case
histories of transnational interaction and transculturation, and
addresses the themes of cross-border migration, interdependence,
labor, border management, ethnic confrontation, cultural fusion,
and social activism. Here migrants and workers, functionaries and
activists, and "mixers" who have crossed cultural boundaries recall
events in their lives related to life on the border. Their stories
show how their lives have been shaped by the borderlands milieu and
how they have responded to the situations they have faced. Border
People shows that these borderlanders live in a unique human
environment shaped by physical distance from central areas and
constant exposure to transnational processes. The oral histories
contained here reveal, to a degree that no scholarly analysis can,
that borderlanders are indeed people, each with his or her own
individual perspective, hopes, and dreams.
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